Bioingeniería

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Clasificación de señales de electroencefalografía para el control de movimientos de los miembros superiores
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Villamarin Pillimue, Daniel Stiven; Camues Mosquera, Miguel David; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)
The loss of upper limbs affects millions of people around the world, creating challenges in their daily lives and limiting their autonomy. New technologies, such as prostheses, are developed every year to improve communication between the user and their environment, contributing to a better quality of life. This study aims to create a system for classifying electroencephalography (EEG) signals of the opening, closing and resting movements of the right- and left-hand using machine learning techniques, seeking to improve the functionality of prostheses for amputees, with greater accuracy. For this purpose, EEG signals were collected using a real-time headset from 15 subjects, 13 typical without amputations and 2 atypical with amputations. Filtering methods, signal processing, time and frequency domain feature extraction were applied. The classifiers used were Random Forest and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN). The results indicate that Random Forest obtaining the best accuracy, greater than 80%. This study contributes to the advancement in the classification of EEG signals suitable for movement control in the implementation of upper limb prostheses, improving the quality of life of individuals by reducing mental workload and physical effort.
Comparación de dos instrumentos de medición de presión de biogás con aplicación en ensayos de potencial bioquímico de metano (PBM) en digestión anaerobia de residuos de alimentos
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Popayan Copete, Paul Alejandro; Sanchez Bustos, Mayra Alejandra; Pérez Vidal, Andrea (Directora); Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a biological process in which bacteria decompose organic matter without oxygen, generating biogas, a renewable and versatile source of energy. Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) assays measure the amount of methane (CH4) produced per gram of volatile solids (VS) in a substrate under controlled conditions, assessing the feasibility of obtaining energy from the anaerobic degradation of various wastes. In this work, the feasibility of obtaining energy was evaluated by BMP assays in AD with food residues, using a substrate/inoculum (S/I) ratio of 0,25 g VS substrate/g VS inoculum. Two types of anaerobic digestion (wet and dry), three headspace percentages (20%, 50%, 75%) and two biogas measuring instruments (pressure gauge and pressure sensor) were investigated. The results showed significant changes in biogas production according to the type of digestion, achieving a higher volume of CH4 with dry digestion due to the organic load in the reactors. It was observed that the treatment with the lowest headspace (20%) obtained a lower BMP value and with 50% the most favorable results were achieved in the BMP such as avoiding biogas dissolution. In relation to biogas measuring instruments, it was found that with the use of a pressure gauge, biogas losses are generated with each punch to the reactor, underestimating the BMP calculation between 16%-35% in DD and 12%-46% in WD. On the contrary, with the pressure sensor, it was easier to obtain data without interventions in the reactor, obtaining higher values in the production of biogas. The most beneficial treatment was measured through the pressure sensor with a 50% headspace and dry digestion, generating a BMP value of 187.21 (ml/grSV).
Desarrollo de dispositivo para realizar terapia simultánea por medio de hipertermia, TENS y vibración para el tratamiento del túnel carpiano
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Trujillo Ospina, Edwin; Hoyos Torres, Uriel Edinson; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director); Ochoa, Verónica (Directora)
Carpal tunnel syndrome is neuropathy that irritate the median and ulnar nerve. It can cause pain, tingling, numbness, and weakness in the hand and fingers. The syndrome is more common in women than in men with a ratio of approximately 3:1and affects people in the age range of 35 to 60. Irritation of one of the nerves at the base of the wrist is treated with aprotocol called ascending, which ranges from therapeutic to surgical treatments. Among the treatments are those usingsteroids or various types of medication that normally have short-term results, the surgery that always has secondary effectsand post-operative trauma that could even relapse into a total disability of the hand and those performed with hyperthermia,TENS and mobility exercises by devices, which have had good results independently and combining two of these therapies. Considering the good results that these last treatments have had in this work, a device is developed that provides therapyfor carpal tunnel syndrome employing hyperthermia, TENS and neuro-mobility techniques independently orsimultaneously, to avoid surgical treatment, which causes disability and in some cases loss of normal motor functions. Thedevice is tested on 29 (10-19) people with and without disabilities to know its acceptability and effectiveness. The results indicate that the device effectively provides the treatment of the 3 combined therapies in a single device, adequatelyproviding the therapy with the acceptability of 89.7% at the time of use and 62.1% after using the device. The device will allow the specialists to execute the therapy in a complete way reducing the attention times.
Desarrollo de un dispositivo activo para la rehabilitación del codo
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Collazos Sánchez, Alejandro; Martínez Noguera, Daniela Alejandra; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)
A biomechatronic device is a complement that helps or contributes to the proper functioning of any part of the body, depending on the pathology, to recover a lost function. Biomechatronic devices can be adapted to recover a certain function and a couple different tasks that can be used for rehabilitation. Designs are made to address pathologies, the designs are made to address pathologies, which implies that more than one device must be purchased to treat any pathology. Specifically, in the pathologies of epicondylitis and epitrochleitis, there are not many multifunctional devices that adopt more than one therapy. Besides they are of institutional use, which could generate non-attendance of the rehabilitation program. Thus, this work aims to develop a biomechatronic device that contributes to the rehabilitation of the elbow for people with epicondylitis and epitrochleitis. The Project has (i) preliminary specifications for the development of the active device to support the elbow rehabilitation process (ii) the 3D design of five different active devices that support the elbow rehabilitation process in terms of mobility, heat, and protection, and (iii) the construction of an active device chosen through a concept evaluation matrix, which allows performing elbow rehabilitation therapies from a selected design and (iv) evaluation of the device in people with epicondylitis and epitrochleitis. The results indicate that the device has a good reception with 80% of acceptability, 18% regular with the possibility of improvement, and 2% of rejection.
Desarrollo de un dispositivo de reanimación cardiopulmonar en adultos para el aprendizaje de la técnica
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Ríos Torrado, Santiago; Rengifo Rodríguez, Manuel Alejandro; Restrepo Duque, Miguel Angel; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)
Cardio-respiratory arrest (CRA) is a significant cause of mortality worldwide, characterized by the abrupt cessation of cardiac and respiratory activity. This interrupts blood flow and oxygen transport to the brain and other organs, which can lead to brain damage or death. This is why response time takes a decisive role for immediate medical attention. But is limited by the lack of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) education. Thus, in this work, an accessible and interactive device is developed for teaching CPR technique to adults, by means of a visual and auditory guide that indicates variables such as compression rate and depth to guide the user in an intuitive way, facilitating access to quality CPR training. The device was evaluated using the SUS scale (System Usability Scale), by an audience divided into 3 groups (i) health professionals, (ii) biomedical professionals and (iii) ordinary people, in order to obtain a broader view on aspects such as performance and ease of use. It was also accompanied by an evaluation that allowed for suggestions and opinions from the participant. The results indicated a mean of 76.76% on the SUS, indicating good usability and allowing practical and accessible learning. This prototype contributes to the strengthening of health education and has the potential to train anyone in CPR, significantly increasing survival rates in cases of cardiorespiratory arrest.
Desarrollo de un sistema para la gestión de mantenimiento de equipos biomédicos en el Hospital San Antonio de Barbacoas, Nariño
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Olaya Angulo, Jhonnier Andrés; Rodríguez Estacio, Yonier Boanerges; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)
The maintenance management of biomedical equipment in health care institutions plays an important role in providing quality service. Its implementation will make it possible to know the status of biomedical equipment through indicators, such as equipment availability, compliance with maintenance goals, and everything about its technology, which will result in a better service. Currently, information systems through specific systems and database management allow optimal management for the quality service provision. In particular, the San Antonio Hospital located in the department of Nariño in the municipality of Barbacoas does not have adequate management systems and performs this work using excel spreadsheets, which generates problems in aspects such as security, updating, and lack of control of the information. In addition, the high flow of information causes problems with filters and migration of information to another system, which can lead to loss of information or simply not transferring the data to other formats. Thus, in this work, we developed a system for the management of biomedical equipment maintenance called SYSGEB to be implemented in the Barbacoas Hospital. The system is made in PHP programming language in the Visual Studio Code platform, it is a web application that has a web server and MySQL database. SYSGEB has functional modules that allow keeping the equipment inventory, management indicators, maintenance schedule, reports, equipment lifecycle, alarms, and warehouse and user control. For its validation, preliminary functionality and system appreciation tests were carried out using the test cases method, as well as a usability test using the EUS (System Usability Scale) method. The results indicate that SYSGEB has the necessary parameters to carry out the maintenance management of biomedical equipment in favor of quality service and with a high percentage of effectiveness of use and satisfaction on the part of the people involved in the system.
Desarrollo de una aplicación informática para el mantenimiento preventivo y seguimiento metrológico de los equipos biomédicos en el área de laboratorio de la Clínica Cristo Rey
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Marcillo López, María Alejandra; Mejía Parra, Santiago; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)
Currently, hospital biomedical management systems have great relevance because workers manage information and execute different steps to improve the quality of service and ensure safe technologies. Cristo Rey Clinic has different biomedical equipment that help diagnose pathologies in patients, for this reason the institution must ensure that the equipment is in optimal conditions. For this, a maintenance and calibration work is carried out on the equipment and, the control and monitoring is performed by Microsoft Excel®, it is here where problems have arisen because this software is not an adequate tool to manage large volumes of information and keep track of each biomedical equipment, in addition to this it has presented failures in its operation since this software is specialized in creating mathematical calculation and security problems and loss of information because there is no control over who accesses the file. In order to solve some inconveniences, in this work the development of a software called MedicLIS is carried out to guarantee the most effective and efficient maintenance and calibration management of biomedical equipment, specifically in the clinical laboratory area. the system allows to keep an exhaustive monitoring of each equipment, facilitates the fulfillment of the activities planned per month guaranteeing the fulfillment of the institutional management indicators, the system is scalable capable of supporting large volumes of information, improving the run-time in updating the information, and it is also a platform that has security codes so that this information is manipulated by personnel authorized by the institution.
Desarrollo de una órtesis para rehabilitación de hombro con dos grados de libertad de uso domiciliario
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Valdés Olivera, Joseph Alejandro; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director); Arcos Hurtado, Edgar Francisco (Director)
Limitations in upper limb movement due to pathologies or accidents can significantly impact a person's daily life, affecting their social, economic, and professional activities. This underscores the importance of rehabilitation, which, through consistent therapies, can effectively aid in the recovery process. However, traditional rehabilitation often relies on large supportive devices, necessitating visits to care centers. Unfortunately, inconsistent attendance can lead to slow or even nonexistent progress. To address this, portable active orthoses have emerged as a potential solution, offering the possibility of faster recovery. In this study, an additional degree of freedom (flexion extension of the shoulder) was integrated into an orthosis previously developed at the University of Santiago de Cali, tailored for upper limb rehabilitation in individuals with limited shoulder movement. The implementation involved redesigning the device, updating electronic components for improved ergonomics, and incorporating a linear motor. The device underwent evaluation with 15 participants performing shoulder flexion-extension movements from rest to 70, yielding an acceptability rating of 75.6 out of 100 using the system usability method.
Desarrollo mecánico de una prótesis para desarticulación de codo
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Salazar Rojas, Michael Alexander; Sánchez Montehermoso, Melissa ; Arcos Hurtado, Edgar Francisco (Director); Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)
Amputations are a procedure in which a limb is separated from the body. As a result of this process, you have a residual limb or stump. Commonly, amputations are the result of traffic accidents or work-related accidents, mostly in the agricultural sector. When an individual has undergone an amputation, his limb can be replaced by a prosthesis that will allow you to perform functions that you have lost in some way. In this work was realized a development of an active prosthesis, which will help the user to perform movements that facilitate the development of their daily activities, for example, brushing their teeth, putting food in their mouth, carrying or directing some kind as an object. These activities can be carried out because the prosthesis can perform movements such as supination and pronation of the elbow, as well as flexion (140º) and extension of the same. The design of the prosthesis has a clamp or gripper; a grip element, which will allow the user to grasp or hold objects regardless of their shape and that meet an average weight of 500gr. The clamp has a maximum (10 cm) and minimum (0 cm) opening limit. The prosthesis is designed with materials that allow its durability, materials resistant to prolonged use and rigid to execute the movements correctly, but at the same time they are light materials that do not generate a weight disproportionate to that which the patient can support, as this can cause another type of inconveniences in the health of the user. Gears were used for the transmission system and electric actuators were used for the actuation system.
Diseño de un manual de calidad para el centro de salud Divino Niño en el municipio de Tumaco (Nariño) en el área de control prenatal
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Martínez, Norma Liliana; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)
Divino Niño health center, located in the municipality of San Andres de Tumaco, is an institution that provides first-level healthcare services to the community. The hospital has policies for the constant improvement of clinical practices for customer satisfaction. Currently, the prenatal control area does not have a quality manual that complies with the guidelines or legal requirements for its operation, and with these policies, not only the prenatal control area but all areas must also have quality processes to provide a better service. Thus, in this work, the design of a quality manual for the prenatal control area is carried out where it is included three methodological phases: (i) normative information gathering phase, (ii) analysis phase, and (iii) structuring phase. The results indicate that the design of the quality manual for the prenatal care area at the Divino Niño health center is important since these guidelines improve the processes of user care, thus increasing quality processes oriented to clinical practice.
Diseño y construcción de un dispositivo de medición de succión en neonatos
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) García Arias, Lina Vanessa; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)
The sucking reflex is innate and must function properly in terms of its capacity and coordination with the other reflexes involved in the feeding process, avoiding metabolic, linguistic and neuronal complications, which if not attended to in time can lead to death of the newborn . In Latin America, the most methods used are qualitative and inaccurate, based on subjective evaluation scales such as the escalation of NOMAS (Scale of Neonatal Evaluation of the Oral Engine) and the one established by Virginia Apgar in 1953. In the present study, we describe a new wireless system for the quantitative and objective measurement of the sucking reflex in newborns that allows obtaining the results of different sucking patterns in real time. The measuring system consists of a resistive force sensor (RFP-602e). The sucking data is sent via Bluetooth to a portable computer, in which a program was developed in the MATLAB® programming environment to receive, display and store the sucking patterns. A total of ten term newborns were recruited from The Siloé siglo XXI Hospital, which is attached to the Ladera Health Network, in Santiago de Cali, Colombia. Results show that the proposed system is adequate to measure the sucking behavior of babies, even within a few hours of life, which could help doctors to detect in a timely manner the risk of delayed child development in the future.
Dispositivo para rehabilitación de rodilla frente a una ruptura de ligamentо cruzado anterior: apoyo enfocado en la primera fase de rehabilitación
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Gutiérrez Lemos, Ana Carolina; Peláez Arias, Shirley Dahiana; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)
The anterior cruciate ligament is one of the parts of the knee that is most affected when lower limb injuries occur. Most of these injuries are treated by surgery, which requires a post-surgical rehabilitation that consists of recovering the angle of movement during flexion of the joint. This rehabilitation phase is called the acute phase, where the physiotherapist indicates the rehabilitation angles subjectively. Due to this subjectivity, in this work a device is developed to assist the first phase of therapy following an anterior cruciate ligament injury, by flexion and extension of the joint at home. The device consists of an active orthosis with a degree of freedom where 10 minutes of therapy with two different angles of flexion and extension are programmed. Tests were performed on 11 healthy people, 1 person who suffered knee dislocation, 2 people with ligament reconstruction, and 1 person undergoing rehabilitation of anterior cruciate ligament injury. The results indicate that the device could contribute to acute-phase knee rehabilitation at home with a satisfaction level of 84%.
Estimación de parámetros en la terapia de hipertermia por radiofrecuencia para el tratamiento del cáncer
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Serna Maldonado, Rafael Daniel; López Pérez, Jorge Iván; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)
Radiofrequency (RF) hyperthermia is a therapy that takes advantage of the penetration qualities of electromagnetic waves to induce heating in tissues; this therapy is combined with radiotherapy for cancer treatment and chemotherapy that increases to effectiveness of treatment. The mechanism of action of this therapy is the increase of temperature in the tumor, in order to achieve apoptosis of the cell that has an excessive growth and thus generate immediate cell death. This treatment, despite demonstrating its effectiveness, has many limitations such as the low penetrability of the wave, which suggests that the treatments are usually for superficial or shallow tumor tissues. In addition, the concentration of heating at a specific point is another major problem, since when it is induced it is not limited only to tumor tissue, but it affects healthy tissues and to this is added the fact that not all patients present with same physical characteristics in the tissues, which makes the therapy different in the treatment implementation. This paper deals with the estimates of the parameters in radiofrequency hyperthermia therapy, with simulated experimental data and numerical solution of the system, by means of the Gauss-Newton and Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithms, to specify the treatment depending of patient. The results indicate that it is possible to estimate a parameter, obtaining excellent results with the LM optimization algorithm that allow to make a planning for therapy in a specified patient and least possible damage to normal and healthy tissue.
Estimación de parámetros en la terapia por ultrasonido de alta intensidad para el tratamiento de cáncer
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) De Los Ríos Cárdenas, Laura; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)
Hyperthermia using High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) is an acoustic therapy used in clinical applications to destroy malignant tumors of bone, breast, brain, kidney, pancreas, prostate, rectum and testicle. This technique consists in reducing the temperature in the tumor or in the specific area, to achieve coagulative necrosis and immediate cell death. Although hyperthermia can cure cancer, it can also cause side effects and even damage healthy cells or tissues. Therefore, for having a successful treatment, it is important to monitor and observe what is the tissue behavior, as well as its changes, before, during and after the procedure Mathematical models are tools that can be useful to simulate an adequate therapy by differentiating characteristics that will depend on each individual. In this work, an estimation of parameters for a direct model with rectangular two-dimensional domain is presented, the estimation was made with numerical data and simulated experimental data, both apply the same model, but the experimental data with the largest number of mesh elements and a random additive measurement error. These results demonstrate that by identifying the appropriate parameters of each patient, it is possible to predict the thermal responses of the tissue to be treated and, based on them, to plan an adequate cancer treatment by inducing heat by HIFU.
Estimación de parámetros para la quimioterapia en cáncer mediante el algoritmo de Levenberg-Marquardt
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Restrepo Diaz, Maria Paula; Paz Carmona, Juan David; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)
Cancer is a disease that in most cases causes death. One of the most commonly prescribed treatments for cancer patient is chemotherapy. The patients undergoing this treatment have a number of side effects throughout the process because these drugs reach the tumor at a very low percentage dissipating dissipating the remaining percentage of the drug in the patient’s body, affecting also healthy cells and tissues. To improve the behavior of chemotherapy in cancer patients, it is important to study this treatment during the administration of the drug. Chemotherapy can be simulated by mathematical models that allow the analysis of biological systems, and thus improve their behavior from computational simulations. However, there are different models that describe the dynamics of treatment and it is not an easy task to decide which model is the most suitable for a specific treatment which in turn depends on parameters whose behavior is not well known. In this way, simulations for different mathematical models are carried out to know the behavior of chemotherapy, once these simulations are performed, the model that most closely approaches an experimental process of growth of DU-145 cells is chosen and the rate of decay of the drug Doxorubicin is chosen using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm between the tumor cell growth model and the experimental data. The results indicate that it is only possible to estimate one parameter of the system due to the dependence between them and low sensitivity, thus the estimation of the decay rate of the drug is performed. The results obtained here seek to establish protocols for the planning of chemotherapy with new drugs and different doses in their application and the contribution to a standardization of this parameter in processes of chemotherapy application with Doxorubicin.
Evaluación de indicadores en la gestión de mantenimiento de equipos médicos en la Fundación Hospital San Pedro
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Erazo Benavides, Natalia Milena; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director); Vargas Vásquez, Jhon Edwar (Director)
The management of maintenance of medical equipment in health care institutions is important, since it depends on the medical equipment have a good operation and an adequate useful life, to provide a good quality health service. The purpose of this management is to ensure the safe operation of the equipment and is considered a support tool for the institution's engineering and medical personnel, in processes such as: planning, maintenance, inventory control, providing a safe environment and minimizing outages of equipment; which allows evaluating their performance from different areas, such as technical, clinical and economic. In the technical area, functional aspects of the equipment are evaluated, in the clinical aspects related to the performance of the equipment and in the economic with maintenance costs. In addition, maintenance management of medical equipment play a major role in Hospital Technology Management, since this tool can identify possible failures that an equipment is close to have, changes required by the maintenance or engineering area, helping in aspects such as: efficiency, efficiency and productivity have a continuous improvement. This paper presents an analysis of the current state of the medical equipment of the San Pedro Foundation Hospital, which includes the inventory, the datasheet, the preventive maintenance schedule, corrective maintenance documentation and management indicators. In addition, an optimization is performed with the K-NN algorithm, which determines which personnel is most suitable to carry out a specific corrective maintenance, based on the failure history of the institution, seeking to optimize equipment attention times and the possibility of performing training updates for personnel in specific areas of maintenance.
Gestión de riesgos asociado al uso de desfibriladores: una revisión
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Rodríguez Zambrano, Ana Fernanda; Burbano Pasuy, Pablo Alexander; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)
The importance of risk management and electrical safety of biomedical equipment in health care plays a fundamental role in the quality of service in health institutions, therefore, in this work a review of the literature related to risk management protocols and electrical safety of biomedical systems was carried out, establishing a case study oriented to defibrillators. In the methodological process, keywords such as "risk management" AND ("protocols" OR "biomedical equipment" OR "biomedical systems" OR "defibrillator") and their English language counterparts in Redalyc, Google Shoolar, Sciencie Direct and institutional repositories were used. We found 126 texts published between the years 2013 to 2023, to which the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied leaving 38 documents to analyze. The results indicate that patient safety risk was the category with the most studies (36.8%). This indicates that the safety of patients, users and health care personnel is a concern in the context of risk management in biomedical equipment. Electrical safety and risks in biomedical equipment obtained 15.8% and 26.3%, respectively. United States and Colombia emerged as countries with an outstanding activity in research related to risk management in biomedical equipment. However, it is necessary to coordinate efforts to increase research on the evaluation of the effectiveness and practical implementation of risk management regulations and protocols.
Herramienta de análisis multicriterio: Un apoyo para la evaluación de tecnologías sanitarias en instituciones hospitalarias
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Montaño Saac, Leydi Tatiana; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)
The development of new technologies for health care, hospital and clinical support, has generated great impact on health and its costs, in that sense aspects such as clinical effectiveness and safety, economic impacts, the technical characteristics of these innovations, should be properly evaluated before being introduced into clinical practice. This article develops a tool for the Evaluation of Health Technologies in an institution in the city of Cali, using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique. Following this method, the domains and criteria based on the HH Core Model of the EuHTA were identified, which were used to build the hierarchy tree and the evaluation matrices, which allowed to obtain the priority autovectors. The evaluation of the domains and criteria was carried out by experts in charge of decision making in the institution. The verbal evaluations were interpreted numerically according to the Saaty scale. A series of matrices were constructed with each of the assessments of the decision makers, in order to obtain the priority vectors necessary to weigh the different alternatives of fetal monitoring equipment. The implementation of this tool contributed to the standardization of the evaluation processes in the institution and allowed decisions to be made more objectively, there is still the possibility of improving the tool in such a way that its use is easier by the institution's personnel.
Herramienta para la adquisición de ventiladores mecánicos en IPS Públicas
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Narváez Arteaga, Diego Fernando; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)
Currently the use of Mechanical Ventilation in patients has become more frequent due to the high rate of Respiratory Failure. Mechanical Ventilation is the procedure of temporary replacement of normal respiratory function, due to a pathological disorder, with the objective of overcoming the cause of respiratory failure and seeking to disconnect the patient from the ventilator in the improvement phase, once the acute phase has passed. The purpose of this project was to design a tool that would allow the evaluation of technology in mechanical ventilators in three different health care entities. Pilot tests were carried out at the Santa Sofía del Pacifico Clinic in Buenaventura, the María Ángel Clinic in Tuluá and the Isaías Duarte Cancino Hospital in Cali, for a period of three months between April and June 2018. The information for the design of the tool was extracted from manuals, suppliers and physiotherapists, evaluating the main characteristics of the needs and pathology of the patients. During the test process it was possible to check or verify the assessment and acceptance in the clinical field. Finally, the respective adjustments were made for the operation of the technology assessment and the selection program was the most adequate and functional, being accepted by the health care entities, offering them a free tool that would allow them to choose the best technology and cost-benefit relationship and in turn satisfying the needs of patients who require the support of Mechanical Ventilation with the appropriate technology for weaning or recovery.
Implementación de modelos de regresión lineal para determinar el estado de hidratación en el tratamiento de hemodiálisis
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Correa Guerrero, Natalia María; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)
In hemodialysis treatment there are different behaviors on which the patient's well-being depends, one of the behaviors is the state of hydration after treatment. Hydration in patients receiving hemodialysis is highly variable; it can decrease or increase at the end of each session, if it is not maintained it can generate various symptoms and cardiovascular events in the patient during the session. A valid technique to measure the hydration status is Bioimpedance, a non-invasive, easily accessible and accurate method. This work seeks the feasibility of determining the hydration status of hemodialysis patients before each session in order to take actions in the treatment. For the study, data was collected from 60 hemodialysis patients, the parameters of interest were height, weight, total body water, extracellular water and intracellular water before and after hemodialysis. Three multiple linear regression models were implemented to determine post-hemodialysis water levels. For verification, the multiple linear regression model assumptions were considered, and the model was validated by the mean square error over 50 repetitions. The model was verified with real parameters from other authors, where the relative error of all the scenarios was less than 20% which indicates that the models have a good prediction in real scenarios. Therefore, it is possible to make the prediction before performing the hemodialysis treatment in order to make better decisions during treatment to help prevent the risk of patients developing an adverse event due to an overload or insufficiency of fluids in the body.

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