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Comparación del efecto de proteínas de origen animal y vegetal en la preservación de la masa muscular en perros geriátricos: una revisión sistemática
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-08-20) Cortes Peña, Isabella; Ospina Varón, Carlos Mario(Director)
Canine sarcopenia refers to the progressive loss of muscle mass directly associated with ageing and is one of the most common conditions in geriatric dogs. Among the nutritional factors linked to its development and progression, the quality and source of dietary protein play a significant role due to their influence on muscle protein synthesis, body composition and the maintenance of lean body mass. However, the available evidence on the comparative effect of animal and plant-based proteins in geriatric dogs remains scattered and lacks critical synthesis. The aim of this systematic review was to compare the available scientific evidence regarding the effect of animal and plant- based protein sources on the preservation of muscle mass in geriatric dogs. The review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The literature search was conducted in six international databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, CAB Abstracts and AGRIS. A total of 475 records were retrieved, of which 43 studies met the previously established inclusion criteria. The evidence analysed showed that animal proteins had higher digestibility values, more complete amino acid profiles and higher concentrations of leucine, taurine and long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, nutrients associated with muscle anabolic mechanisms and the preservation of lean body mass. Plant-based proteins achieved acceptable digestibility in several studies, although they showed limitations in essential amino acids such as methionine and leucine when no specific supplementation was provided. The review also identified a significant lack of clinical trials conducted exclusively in geriatric dogs with objective measurement of muscle mass using techniques such as DEXA, muscle ultrasonography or the Muscle Condition Score. This methodological limitation reduces the possibility of drawing definitive clinical conclusions regarding the comparative effect of both protein sources. Consequently, the available evidence suggests that animal-derived proteins offer more consistent nutritional benefits for the preservation of muscle mass in geriatric dogs. However, there remains a need for controlled studies that directly assess the impact of animal and plant-based diets on muscle mass, body composition and functionality in this population.
Cribado virtual y Docking Molecular de nuevos inhibidores de la β-lactamasa BlaC de Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-06-30) Angulo Rincón, Camila; Camargo Gutiérrez, Hillary; Ciro, Yhors Alexander(Director); Aristizabal Salazar, Yesid Armando(Director)
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) represents a major global public health challenge due to the resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to first-line drugs. The β-lactamase BlaC constitutes one of the resistance mechanisms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis against β-lactam antibiotics. Through its enzymatic activity, BlaC modifies and inactivates β-lactam antibiotics, limiting their therapeutic use in the treatment of the disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate potential BlaC inhibitory compounds as a therapeutic alternative through an in silico approach. Molecular docking was performed using the crystallographic structure of BlaC obtained from the Protein Data Bank (PDB), analyzing binding affinity and protein–ligand interactions. Ligands were filtered according to pharmacokinetic properties, structural similarity, pharmacophore features, and affinity. A top 20 compounds were selected, showing higher affinity values than the reference inhibitors Avibactam, Relebactam, and Durlobactam. Molecule M2122 exhibited the highest binding affinity (-9.034 kcal/mol), followed by the diazabicyclooctane (DBO) compounds M1093 and M1890. Hydrogen bonds predominated (66.2%), with SER84 , THR253 and ILE117 identified as the most relevant interacting residues
MANIFESTACIONES HEMATOLÓGICAS ASOCIADAS A LA INFECCIÓN POR DIROFILARIA SPP EN CANINOS. REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA.
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-05-25) Quinchia Velez, Juan Esteban; Vargas Camargo, Oscar Julián(Director)
Canine dirofilariasis is a widespread parasitic disease in tropical and subtropical regions. Early diagnosis is key but limited because of the absence of specific clinical signs and the inappropriate use of diagnostic tests in veterinary practice. In this context, this systematic review aimed to identify the hematological alterations associated with Dirofilaria spp. infection in dogs, as well as to evaluate its relationship with the parasite's pathophysiology and its utility as a diagnostic support tool. The results showed that the main hematological manifestations included anemia, eosinophilia, neutrophilia, and thrombocytopenia, in addition, some changes in biochemical parameters related to renal and hepatic disease. These alterations were more frequent in advanced stages of the heartworm disease, while in early stages they were mild or nonspecific. Also, moderate variability was observed among studies and case reports. It was concluded that hematological alterations are not diagnostic on their own, but they can be useful complementary tools in the monitoring and prognosis of the patient suffering from the disease.
Herramientas bioinformáticas in silico para identificar compuestos neuroprotectores en Alzheimer y Parkinson: una Revisión Sistemática
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-06-10) Ramirez Sanchez, James; Oñate Garzón, José Fernando(Director); Ciro Monsalve, Yhors(Director)
Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases represent a growing public health challenge due to their high prevalence, irreversible progression, and the limited efficacy of current treatments. For this reason, the identification of neuroprotective compounds using in silico tools emerges as a promising strategy to optimize the discovery of new pharmacological treatments. This systematic review aims to analyze the potential of these bioinformatics tools in the development of strategies for identifying molecules with neuroprotective activity for both diseases. The methodology was developed following the PRISMA guidelines, through the search, selection, and critical analysis of scientific articles, including studies of molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and experimental validation, evaluating affinity energy and conformational stability. The results showed that for Alzheimer's disease, the main therapeutic targets were acetylcholinesterase (AChE), β-secretase (BACE1), and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), with molecules such as curcumin, quercetin, and berberine standing out due to their favorable energies and interactions. In Parkinson's disease, the most studied targets were monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) and alpha synuclein, where compounds such as resveratrol, luteolin, and baicalein showed neuroprotective potential. Based on these findings, in silico tools allowed for the identification of promising compounds and multi-target molecules; however, limited experimental validation and a lack of methodological standardization are factors that affect the reliability of the results.
Impacto clínico de las dietas BARF VS dietas comerciales en la microbiota intestinal canina: Revisión Sistemática
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-07-15) Gomez Gil, Juliana; Rodríguez Neira, Cristian Fernando(Director)
The canine gut microbiota plays a fundamental role in digestive, metabolic, and immune processes, with diet being one of the main factors capable of altering its composition and function. In recent years, the increasing use of BARF (Biologically Appropriate Raw Food) diets has sparked scientific controversy compared to commercial concentrated diets, due to the potential benefits and risks associated with each dietary approach. The objective of this systematic review was to analyze clinical impact in the gut microbiota of healthy adult dogs fed a BARF diet compared to those fed commercial kibble. The research was conducted as a systematic review based on the PRISMA guidelines, using scientific databases such as Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and SciELO. Original studies published between 2010 and 2025 related to gut microbiota, canine nutrition, and BARF diets were included. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, finallly 44 scientific articles were selected for comparative analysis. The results showed that BARF diets promoted a higher abundance of proteolytic bacteria such as Clostridium and Fusobacterium, as well as greater intestinal bacterial diversity. In contrast, commercial diets favored saccharolytic bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, which are associated with the production of short-chain fatty acids beneficial to intestinal health. Furthermore, potential risks related to zoonotic microorganisms present in raw diets were identified. It was concluded that both types of diets cause significant changes in the canine gut microbiota, presenting specific benefits and limitations; therefore, their implementation must consider nutritional, microbiological, and health criteria supported by scientific evidence.