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Prevalencia e impacto clínico de la mixomatosis en conejos en la clínica Exotivet de Cali, Colombia (2022–2025)
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-06-18) Ramirez Angel, Ana Sofia; Cardona Tobar, Karen Melissa(Directora); Velasco Rodríguez, Rodrigo(Director)
Myxomatosis is a highly fatal viral disease that affects domestic rabbits and poses a clinical challenge in exotic animal medicine. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of myxomatosis and describe its clinical impact in rabbits treated at the Exotivet veterinary clinic in Cali, Colombia, between 2022 and the first half of 2025. A retrospective study was conducted by reviewing the medical records of 601 rabbits, identifying 12 cases consistent with the disease, corresponding to a prevalence of 1.99%. The most common clinical signs included skin lesions, ocular involvement, and deterioration of general condition. Euthanasia was performed in all cases due to the poor prognosis, resulting in a 100% mortality rate. The lack of confirmatory diagnostic tests and the limited number of cases were the main limitations. Despite the low prevalence, the high mortality rate highlights the importance of strengthening preventive measures, owner education, and future epidemiological research in domestic rabbits.
RIESGOS ANESTESICOS EN GATOS DURANTE PROCEDIMIENTOS QUIRURGICOS MAYORES: REVISIÓN SISTEMATICA
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-08-31) Jose Manuel Tovar Ruco; Rodríguez, Cristian Fernando(Director)
This study presents a literature review on the main anesthetic risks in cats undergoing major surgical procedures, with emphasis on permissive hypotension (PH) as a strategy used in critically ill patients with active hemorrhage within the framework of Damage Control Resuscitation (DCR). It also addresses the physiological particularities of the feline species, whose hemodynamic and autonomic responses differ from those of other species and require specific considerations during anesthetic management. The study employed a PRISMA-based methodological framework for the search, selection, and analysis of the available scientific evidence.
Permissive hypotension aims to maintain a Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) of 50–60 mmHg, preserving the perfusion of vital organs without promoting the dislodgement of newly formed clots. Experimental studies suggest that this pressure range can be maintained temporarily without causing irreversible organ ischemia. However, PH has important limitations, as its duration should not exceed 90–120 minutes and it is contraindicated in patients with traumatic brain injury or advanced renal or cardiac disease. Among the anesthetic risks identified are arterial hypotension, alterations in tissue perfusion, and complications associated with ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), particularly at the pulmonary level.
In summary, PH is a temporary strategy whose use requires continuous monitoring, appropriate clinical assessment of the patient, and anesthetic and postoperative management tailored to the physiological characteristics of the critically ill feline patient.
Métodos alternativos a la experimentación animal: una revisión sistemática de sus avances y limitaciones
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-07-24) Vivas Páez, Isabella; Gaviria Escamilla, Natalia; Ilicachi Romero, Luis Alberto (Director)
Animal experimentation has been a widely used practice in biomedical, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic research; however, in recent years it has been questioned due to its ethical implications and its limitations in accurately human responses. This review was based on studies with the same topic, prioritizing those published in the last 5 years in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, and Springer. Among the studies were some highly relevant ones, such as (Park et al., 2024), (Silva & Tamburic, 2022), and (Raies & Bajic, 2016). This review addresses the development of alternative methods to animal experimentation, with an emphasis on such as in vitro and in silico models, organoids, organs-on-a-chip, 3D bioprinting, and reconstructed skin models. The findings show that these tools offer significant advantages in terms of biological relevance, reproducibility, reduced animal use, and application in areas such as toxicology, safety assessment, and cosmetics. However, limitations were also identified related to standardization, regulatory validation, and the widespread implementation of these methodologies in different scientific and industrial contexts. In conclusion, methods represent a promising path toward a more ethical, modern, and humanly relevant science, their consolidation requires greater technical and institutional strengthening.
Efectividad Terapéutica y Factores Asociados al Fracaso del Desbridamiento Corneal con Hisopo y Terapia Farmacológica en Perros y Gatos: Estudio Retrospectivo Analítico en Cali, Colombia
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-08-31) Angulo Micolta, Emmanuel; Rodríguez Neira, Cristian Fernando(Director)
Spontaneous Chronic Corneal Epithelial Defects (SCCEDs) represent a common challenge in veterinary ophthalmology. Characterized by the inability of the corneal epithelium to adhere to the stroma after an ulceration. An observational, descriptive, and retrospective study with an analytical component was conducted on 145 clinical records of canine and feline patients treated at a specialized clinic in Cali, Colombia (2020–2025). The evaluated protocol integrated mechanical debridement with a sterile cotton swab, 100% equine heterologous serum, chondroitin sulfate, ciprofloxacin, and biore-gulatory medicine. The sample was predominantly canine (91.7%), with higher frequency in males (55.2%), brachycephalic conformation (59.3%), and a mean age of 7.34 years. After excluding inconclusive cases, the clinical success rate reached 91.7%, with a mean re-epithelialization time of 23 days. Binary logistic regression analysis identified lack of domiciliary adherence to the treatment as the only independent predictor of failure (OR = 25.79). Brachycephalic conformation, age, lesion chronicity, and prior treatments were not significant predictors. The protocol results as a safe, accessible, and effective first-line therapeutic alternative, whose success depends on owner’s compliance.
Frecuencia retrospectiva de los cuadros de disbiosis intestinal en psitácidos en una clínica de exóticos en Cali
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-08-26) Estrada terreros, Andrea; Vargas Camargo, Oscar Julian(Director); Palomino Villada, Lina Marcela(Directora)
The present study was carried out at the Exotivet Veterinary Clinic in Cali (Colombia) with the objective of determining the frequency of intestinal dysbiosis in psittacine birds attended during clinical consultation. Medical records that included coprological examinations exotic psittacine species were analyzed through direct coprological examination and Gram staining. The design was descriptive and cross-sectional, focusing on the identification of Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria present in the samples in order to establish possible alterations in the intestinal microbial balance. Cases compatible with intestinal dysbiosis were identified, showing a higher proportion of Gram-negative bacteria in some evaluated birds. This study provided relevant clinical information on the intestinal microbiota of captive exotic psittacine birds and supported the use of Gram staining as a complementary diagnostic tool for the detection of dysbiosis in avian medicine.