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Evaluación de la Actividad Antimicrobiana de Desinfectantes en Áreas Asépticas de una Planta Farmacéutica.
(Universidad Santiago de Cali., 2026-05-26) Aponzá Cambindo, Ángela María; Matta Miramar, Andrés Jenuer(Director); Fernández Daza, Fabian Felipe(Director)
Surface cleaning and disinfection in the pharmaceutical industry is an essential strategy for controlling microbiological contamination and maintaining appropriate conditions in manufacturing and laboratory areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of the disinfectants AirMAX, AirPLUS, Klorkleen, and ethyl alcohol, as used in a Colombian pharmaceutical plant. To this end, the dilution-neutralization method was applied against reference strains and environmental isolates, following criteria established in applicable technical standards. Subsequently, a challenge test was conducted on representative surface coupons over a 10-day monitoring period. The results established the following as effective conditions: AirMAX at 50%, AirPLUS at 80%, Klorkleen at 1000 ppm, and ethyl alcohol at 70% with 20 minutes of contact time. In the surface evaluation, all disinfectants maintained microbiological compliance. These findings support their use under the evaluated conditions.
Evaluación de la implementación de buenas prácticas de manufactura en la producción de zumo de limón en la empresa Productos alimenticios Carrusel ubicada en la ciudad de Cali, Valle del Cauca.
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-06-24) Fonseca Piedrahita, Nicole; Serna Muñoz, Valentina Isabel; Rivera Sanchez, Sandra Patricia(Directora)
Good manufacturing practices (GMP) are a set of principles that are implemented in the food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, agronomis, etc. industry in order to guarantee quality control throughout the production chain, from manufacturing to distribution. The company Productos Alimenticios Carrusel located in the municipality of Santiago de Cali, in Valle del Cauca, aims at customer satisfaction and that its products are at the forefront with the highest quality standards, however, when carrying out this investigation by means of an audit-type diagnosis, in which the main objective was to verify compliance with good manufacturing practices guided by resolution 2374 of 2013, in its production process of lemon juice, in the audit a result of 79.3% was obtained, complying with a part Of the established requirements, but showing failures that in the long term generate a deterioration in the company and in the production processes, managing to show that the main shortcomings are in the state of the infrastructure and the space they have in their production plant, because they are failures that had been presented but when seen daily they were normalized, thus generating a breaking point in the quality of their product, which weakens their implementation of a quality system, in the same way, through the services of the external laboratory of the University of Santiago de Cali, Evaluated the microbiological quality of the lemon juice production process, in which it was evident that the counts were within the limits, however, growth of fungi and yeasts was observed in the raw material and the product in process. According to the above, an action plan is created in which the shortcomings found and the correction of these non-conformities in the company "Carousel Food Products" are presented in order to highlight and improve their workplace and their production processes, in addition to the quality of the product they offer to their consumers.
Impacto del consumo de alimentos concentrados de baja calidad en el estado nutricional y la eficiencia metabólica en gatos domésticos: una revisión sistemática
(Universidad Santiago De Cali, 2026-07-11) Perez albino, Alejandro; Cardona Tobar, Karen Melissa(Directora)
Recent evidence reviewed the way low-quality concentrated food affects a domestic cat's nutritional status, as well as its metabolic efficiency. The main point of interest was that a cat food being called “complete” does not mean that its quality depends only on that designation. Other areas that are also important when considering the quality of cat food include: formulation consistency, digestibility, effective energy density, and labeling consistency, as these factors determine how much energy and nutrients an animal receives from a given food source. This study aimed to synthesize findings related to pet food quality criteria, nutritional status indicators, and metabolic indicators for nutrient use. A systematic review of the indexed literature on PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect published between 2020 and 2026 was conducted, with additional searches performed using Google Scholar. The selection process for studies followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The search identified 110 documents, and after removing duplicates, 89 were screened. Subsequently, 49 full-text articles were evaluated, and 20 of these documents were used for qualitative synthesis. The results of the systematic review suggest that the quality of pet food can affect how well cats can digest foods, including differences in digestion and gastrointestinal tolerance of different types of foods. Energy density and macronutrient sources can also affect body weight and glycolipid levels in domestic cats. It was therefore concluded that the evaluation of concentrated food quality should include nutritional adequacy, manufacturer reliability, and functional use, in order to support clinical decisions and feeding practices at home.
Control de devoluciones y medicamentos vencidos como estrategia de prevención del comercio ilegal farmacéutico en Colombia: Revisión sistemática
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-08-25) Lora Molano, Maria Alejandra; Restrepo Zapata, Jorge Humberto(Director)
The illegal trade of medicines constitutes a public health problem that compromises patient safety, facilitates the circulation of counterfeit products, and generates economic losses for healthcare systems. Among the factors associated with this problem is the inadequate management of expired medicines and pharmaceutical returns, which can re-enter unauthorized channels when effective control and traceability mechanisms are lacking. The objective of this systematic review was to analyze the scientific and regulatory evidence related to the control of returns and expired medicines as a strategy to prevent the illegal trade of medicines in Colombia. A systematic literature review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The search was carried out in the PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases, as well as regulatory documents issued by INVIMA (National Institute for Food and Drug Surveillance), the Ministry of Health, and the Ministry of Environment. Studies published between 2020 and 2026 in English and Spanish related to the management of pharmaceutical returns, expired medicines, traceability, and illegal trade were included. The initial search identified 428 records. After removing duplicates and applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 38 documents were selected for final analysis. The findings showed that the main strategies for preventing the illegal diversion of medicines include electronic traceability systems, product serialization, strengthening post-consumer programs, supply chain audits, documented control of returns, and regulatory oversight. It is concluded that strengthening traceability and returns control mechanisms is a fundamental strategy for reducing the risk of illegal pharmaceutical trade in Colombia and improving patient safety.
VALIDACIÓN DE UN MÉTODO ANALÍTICO PARA LA CUANTIFICACIÓN DE CALCIO, HIERRO Y ZINC EN UN SUPLEMENTO DIETARIO POR ESPECTROFOTOMETRÍA DE ABSORCIÓN ATÓMICA
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-06-26) Rivera Muñoz, Angela Marcela; Gómez Cuevas, Lina Marcela; Ciro Monsalve, Yhors Alexander(Director); Noriega Espinal, Carlos Andrés(Director)
To ensure adequate intake of essential nutrients in the population, dietary supplements are recommended as a measure to prevent diseases caused by micronutrient deficiencies. The elemental analysis of iron, calcium, and zinc in these products requires validated analytical methodologies that guarantee the reliability of the results under the Colombian regulatory framework, Decree 3249 of 2006 and Resolution 3619 of 2013. To address this need, a validation protocol was developed and executed for the quantification of these three active ingredients by atomic absorption spectrophotometry using the Perkin Elmer PinAAcle 900H Spectrophotometer, through wet digestion, following the guidelines of USP <1225>, harmonized with the directives of the ICH Q2 (R1) committee. It was found that all acceptance criteria for specificity, precision, accuracy, range, and linearity parameters were met; specifically, appropriate linearity in the calibration curves was determined, precision was adjusted to the allowed levels of variability, and recovery percentages confirmed the accuracy of the procedure. In conclusion, the statistical analyses of linear regression, ANOVA, and hypothesis testing demonstrate the suitability of the method for the quantification of analytes in the dietary supplement.