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Ocurrencia y Resistencia Antifúngica de Especies de Candida en Ambientes Acuáticos: Una Revisión Sistemática
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-07-28) Ante Hurtado,Anderson Steven; Caicedo Bejarano, Luz Dary(Directora); Murillo Solano; Claribel(Codirectora)
Antifungal resistance in Candida species has become an emerging public health concern, particularly in relation to their presence in aquatic environments. This study examines the occurrence and antifungal resistance profiles of Candida species in these settings through a systematic review of the scientific literature. The methodology followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines, with a comprehensive search conducted across databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Studies reporting the isolation of Candida in aquatic environments and the assessment of antifungal resistance were included, resulting in a final selection of 19 articles for qualitative analysis. The findings show a wide distribution of Candida species across various aquatic environments, with a predominance of non-albicans species such as Candida tropicalis and Candida parapsilosis. Elevated levels of antifungal resistance were observed, particularly against azoles including fluconazole and itraconazole. Key contributing factors include wastewater contamination, antifungal use in agriculture, and biofilm formation, all of which may facilitate the spread of resistance. Overall, these results indicate that aquatic environments act as important reservoirs of antifungal resistant Candida species, posing a potential risk to public health. Strengthening environmental surveillance and implementing integrated strategies under the One Health framework are therefore essential to limit the spread of resistant strains.
Cuidados preventivos en relación con parásitos gastrointestinales en los perros (Canis lupus familiaris) en la comuna 21 de la ciudad de Cali.
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-09-10) Mendez Quintero,Andrea Carolina; Carvajal,Luisa Fernanda; Guarin Patarroyo, Camila Ernesto (Director)
Gastrointestinal parasites in canines represent a critical challenge for public health due to their zoonotic potential, particularly in environments with socioeconomic vulnerability. The objective of this research was to identify the relationship between the sociodemographic factors of caregivers and their practices regarding sanitary management, animal welfare, and preventive medicine in Comuna 21 of Cali. A descriptive and cross-sectional methodological design was employed through non-probability convenience sampling, applying structured surveys
to 64 canine owners. The results revealed a marked discrepancy between educational attainment or technological access (96.4% with internet connectivity) and health literacy, demonstrating that 70% of respondents are unfamiliar with the term "zoonosis." Likewise, the economic factor was established as the primary barrier for 59% of the population, shifting veterinary assistance toward a strictly reactive approach (45% attend only due to illness) and disrupting prophylactic schedules, wherein 28% deworm irregularly or never. Additionally, deficiencies in public dissemination, reflected by the fact that 82.1% neither attend nor remember free health campaigns coupled with environmental risk behaviors such as off-leash walking (25%) and non-collection of feces (10%), perpetuate environmental biological contamination, thereby increasing the vulnerability of the 23.2% of households cohabiting with children and older adults. It is concluded that the epidemiological risk in this sector is directly linked to a low perception of biological risk and socioeconomic limitations. Therefore, mitigating human exposure demands a shift in institutional and community education, steering public health policies toward an education that raises awareness among caregivers that a companion animal is not a basic necessity, but rather a voluntary choice and a privilege that demands long-term ethical and financial support capacity.
Criterios microbiológicos para la evaluación de proveedores de leche cruda o pasteurizada en la industria productora de helado
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-05-05) Ramírez Barandica, Brenda Yohana; Daza Rivera, Carlos Frisherald(Director)
The microbiological safety of ice cream depends directly on the sanitary quality of raw or pasteurized milk used as a primary ingredient, making the microbiological evaluation of suppliers a critical component of health risk management. The objective of this study was to analyze the scientific and regulatory evidence related to microbiological criteria applicable to the evaluation of milk suppliers in the ice cream production industry. A review of scientific literature and regulatory framework published between 2018 and 2025 was conducted, using recognized academic databases and selection criteria focused on studies with microbiological and sanitary relevance. The selected articles were subjected to a structured process of identification, screening, and eligibility assessment. The results revealed the recurring presence of microorganisms of public health importance, particularly Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, and hygiene indicator bacteria. Additionally, heterogeneity was identified in the application of microbiological criteria across different regulatory frameworks. It was concluded that microbiological criteria are fundamental tools for the comparison and verification of suppliers. As an applied contribution derived from this work, a microbiological checklist tool was proposed to strengthen sanitary evaluation programs during the reception of milk intended for ice cream production.
Evaluación de la Actividad Antimicrobiana de Desinfectantes en Áreas Asépticas de una Planta Farmacéutica.
(Universidad Santiago de Cali., 2026-05-26) Aponzá Cambindo, Ángela María; Matta Miramar, Andrés Jenuer(Director); Fernández Daza, Fabian Felipe(Director)
Surface cleaning and disinfection in the pharmaceutical industry is an essential strategy for controlling microbiological contamination and maintaining appropriate conditions in manufacturing and laboratory areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of the disinfectants AirMAX, AirPLUS, Klorkleen, and ethyl alcohol, as used in a Colombian pharmaceutical plant. To this end, the dilution-neutralization method was applied against reference strains and environmental isolates, following criteria established in applicable technical standards. Subsequently, a challenge test was conducted on representative surface coupons over a 10-day monitoring period. The results established the following as effective conditions: AirMAX at 50%, AirPLUS at 80%, Klorkleen at 1000 ppm, and ethyl alcohol at 70% with 20 minutes of contact time. In the surface evaluation, all disinfectants maintained microbiological compliance. These findings support their use under the evaluated conditions.
Evaluación de la implementación de buenas prácticas de manufactura en la producción de zumo de limón en la empresa Productos alimenticios Carrusel ubicada en la ciudad de Cali, Valle del Cauca.
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-06-24) Fonseca Piedrahita, Nicole; Serna Muñoz, Valentina Isabel; Rivera Sanchez, Sandra Patricia(Directora)
Good manufacturing practices (GMP) are a set of principles that are implemented in the food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, agronomis, etc. industry in order to guarantee quality control throughout the production chain, from manufacturing to distribution. The company Productos Alimenticios Carrusel located in the municipality of Santiago de Cali, in Valle del Cauca, aims at customer satisfaction and that its products are at the forefront with the highest quality standards, however, when carrying out this investigation by means of an audit-type diagnosis, in which the main objective was to verify compliance with good manufacturing practices guided by resolution 2374 of 2013, in its production process of lemon juice, in the audit a result of 79.3% was obtained, complying with a part Of the established requirements, but showing failures that in the long term generate a deterioration in the company and in the production processes, managing to show that the main shortcomings are in the state of the infrastructure and the space they have in their production plant, because they are failures that had been presented but when seen daily they were normalized, thus generating a breaking point in the quality of their product, which weakens their implementation of a quality system, in the same way, through the services of the external laboratory of the University of Santiago de Cali, Evaluated the microbiological quality of the lemon juice production process, in which it was evident that the counts were within the limits, however, growth of fungi and yeasts was observed in the raw material and the product in process. According to the above, an action plan is created in which the shortcomings found and the correction of these non-conformities in the company "Carousel Food Products" are presented in order to highlight and improve their workplace and their production processes, in addition to the quality of the product they offer to their consumers.