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Item Detección de la apnea obstructiva del sueño mediante el análisis de la variabilidad de frecuencia cardíaca de muy corto plazo utilizando señales electrocardiográficas(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Figueroa Peláez, Diana Carolina; Argüello Prada, Erick JavierThe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a currently prevalent respiratory disorder, which can cause short, medium and long- term alterations in the health of those who suffer from it. This is due to the cessation or interruption of gas exchange produced during each episode, so is very important it’s identification and diagnosis. However, only a small part of this population is diagnosed and treated, since the costs and inconveniences associated with the standard test used by physicians and specialized sleep centers are high. Based on the aforementioned issues, the present study proposes a method for detecting obstructive sleep apnea (OSAS) by analyzing very short-term heart rate variability (ultra-short-term HRV) of ECG signals. For this purpose, we used the free distribution database The Apnea-ECG Database, provided by PhysioNet/Computers in Cardiology Challenge 2000, from which we calculated 1-min series of RR intervals byusing algorithms that make it possible to extract parameters, both in the time and frequency domains, and non-linear parameters (Poincaré plots), which could suggest the presence of an episode of apnea. According to the results obtained, the parameters showing greater reliability in terms of sensitivity and specificity are the standard deviation of the NN intervals (SDNN), the standard deviation of the successive differences between adjacent NN intervals (SDSD), the square root of the mean of the squares of the successive differences between adjacent NN intervals (RMSSD), and the cardiac vagal index (CVI), being the one with the highest sensitivity (Se) and negative predictive value (VPN) the CVI with Se= 99.73% and VPN= 99.36%, and the one with the highest specificity (Sp) and positive predictive value (VPP) was SDNN with values of Sp= 82.90% and VPP= 67.86%, suggesting that these parameters might be used for the future development of system or devise that can detect OSAS episodes in a short time.Item Protocolos de tecnovigilancia de equipos en el área neonatal. una revisión sistemática(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Bustos Navarro, Karen Lucia; Sánchez Ortiz, Ricardo; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo AntonioTechno-surveillance programs and protocols are based on the prevention and control of the occurrence of adverse events in medical devices, which is an integral part of patient safety in health care. This has a greater significance when it comes to care in neonatal wards, given the fragility and dependence of these patients on health care, which in many cases depends on medical equipment and devices. The objective of this work is to analyze the protocols and procedures and technovigilance standards associated with neonatal equipment and procedures. This is done through the methodology of a systematic review, which will inspect the standards and protocols used for the technovigilance of neonatal wards. The results describe the main aspects related to the care to be provided to newborns, as well as the techno-surveillance programs and protocols and their application in the Colombian context. As a conclusion, it was determined that programmes, protocols and techno-surveillance depend on the social, technical, technological and legal development of each country or region and that, in the case of newborns, they are of vital importance as they are the new generations of citizensItem Evaluación del crecimiento y desarrollo vegetal del rábano a partir del aprovechamiento de los lodos en un sistema de tratamiento de agua residual(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Victoria Villalba, Hernán Felipe; Cárdenas Talero, José Luis; Silva Leal, Jorge AntonioIn recent years, population growth has significantly increased the demand for natural resources and the generation of wastewater. In this context, it is essential to integrate Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) into a circular economy. WWTPs produce reusable by-products such as gas, treated wastewater, and sludge. Stabilized sludge (biosolids) contains nutrients that can improve soil and substitute chemical fertilizers in agriculture. This study evaluates the suitability of secondary sludge and drying sludge from a WWTP with an extended aeration activated sludge system for use in radish cultivation. Pots of 0.7 L were used, and the treatments included a control group (soil and mineral fertilizer) and an experimental group with sludge applications at different rates, according to the nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) requirements for radish cultivation. The results showed that secondary sludge did not achieve optimal radish development compared to the controls. However, dehydrated sludge demonstrated beneficial effects, with significant increases in leaf area and plant biomass compared to the controls. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test showed significant differences in the variables, highlighting dehydrated sludge at 2P dosage as the most effective. Dehydrated sludge significantly improved the growth and development of radishes, suggesting it as an effective and sustainable alternative, promoting sustainable agricultural practices and reducing dependence on chemical fertilizers. However, both secondary and dehydrated sludge present a risk due to pathogen content, underscoring the need to implement sanitization treatments to reduce this pathogen contentItem Evaluación de metales pesados en partículas totales en suspensión en los alrededores de la Universidad Santiago de Cali(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) López Morales, Sharom Andrea; Reyes Arias, Tito ReinaldoAir pollution related to inhalable PM10 particles poses an environmental problem due to the possible effects on health and wellbeing in the population, which these pollutants can generate. Among the substances that are part of the components of PM10, heavy metals stand out; particles that alone can cause a variety of alterations on health and the environment. The uncertainty about the true levels of these metals in the atmosphere makes it necessary to evaluate their concentration at atmospheric level and identify if they comply with the regulations on air quality in force at the study site. In this research project, four heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Cr) were analyzed with a high probability of being presented in environmental samples collected from four points of the Santiago de Cali University. To achieve this, the samples were subject to acid digestion processes and analyzed using the atomic absorption spectrophotometry method, determining their concentration and comparing the results with current regulations. The results show compliance with the regulations for the permissible contamination limits related to the concentrations of two of the four metals selected for the Cu and Cr study. Cadmium and Lead on the other hand, fails to identify reliably, the values resulting from the analysis are too small to be adequately detected by the characterization method used for this investigation. However, the results are conclusive regarding the presence of these metals in the medium. The presence of chromium and copper in the environment is directly related to the physical characteristics of the study area, such as the high vehicular flow on nearby roads and to the meteorological behavior during the days of Sharom Andrea López Morales. [(2019)] collection. It is considered advisable that the city surveillance system presents disaggregated data for certain predominant metals in the air in order to identify problem foci within the daily monitoring of total suspended particles (PM10 and PM2.5).Item Métodos para la calibración de desfibriladores: una revisión(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Ruiz Aguayo, Jefferson; Delgadillo Barbosa, Fabián Camilo; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo AntonioThe defibrillator is a biomedical device that generates an electrical impulse through external electrodes located on the chest, or internal paddles directly to the heart, to reverse cardiac arrhythmias, ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, atrial flutter, and supraventricular tachycardia, mainly. The good functioning of this equipment is of vital importance where the calibration takes a determining role in the use of the equipment to avoid adverse events. The calibration process of a defibrillator consists of comparing the quantities with the analyzer. Currently, there are several defibrillator calibration methods, where health institutions and metrological laboratories do not have the resources to define the most appropriate method, implementing the one that best suits their needs. In this paper, calibration methods are described, and, through a systematic study, standardization of a method is suggested, considering all its uncertainties and parameters. A review of the defibrillator calibration methods is carried out in databases such as Dialnet, Scielo, Science Direct, Google Academic, texts and theses from different international and national universities, finding 15 articles in a period from 2005 to 2019. The results indicate that the method proposed by Llamosa, Meza & Villareal is the most complete because it takes all the uncertainties that affect the measurement, such as the accuracy of the work pattern, resolution of the work pattern, resolution of equipment to be calibrated and repeatability of readings. It is recommended to change the 4000 analyzers to the 7000DP because the accuracy of the 4000 analyzers has high values that reduce the reliability of the method.Item “Desarrollo de dispositivo para realizar terapia simultánea por medio de hipertermia, tens y vibración para el tratamiento del túnel carpiano”(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Trujillo Ospina, Edwin; Hoyos Torres, Uriel Edinson; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo AntonioCarpal tunnel syndrome is neuropathy that irritate the median and ulnar nerve. It can cause pain, tingling, numbness, and weakness in the hand and fingers. The syndrome is more common in women than in men with a ratio of approximately 3:1and affects people in the age range of 35 to 60. Irritation of one of the nerves at the base of the wrist is treated with aprotocol called ascending, which ranges from therapeutic to surgical treatments. Among the treatments are those usingsteroids or various types of medication that normally have short-term results, the surgery that always has secondary effectsand post-operative trauma that could even relapse into a total disability of the hand and those performed with hyperthermia,TENS and mobility exercises by devices, which have had good results independently and combining two of these therapies. Considering the good results that these last treatments have had in this work, a device is developed that provides therapyfor carpal tunnel syndrome employing hyperthermia, TENS and neuro-mobility techniques independently orsimultaneously, to avoid surgical treatment, which causes disability and in some cases loss of normal motor functions. Thedevice is tested on 29 (10-19) people with and without disabilities to know its acceptability and effectiveness. The results Trujillo, E., Hoyos, U. E., & Bermeo, L. A. [(2020)] indicate that the device effectively provides the treatment of the 3 combined therapies in a single device, adequatelyproviding the therapy with the acceptability of 89.7% at the time of use and 62.1% after using the device. The device will allow the specialists to execute the therapy in a complete way reducing the attention times.Item Utilización de parámetros derivados de la señal fotopletismográfica (ppg) para la valoración de dolor inducido experimentalmente en sujetos sanos: estudio de factibilidad(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Ramírez Mena, Andrés David; Argüello Prada, Erick JavierGiven the need to assess pain experienced by patients in an adequate and objective way, several efforts have been made to determine whether it is possible to assess the pain suffered by an individual through physiological indicators. However, most of these efforts have focused on evaluating the response of subjects to thermal or, even, electrical stimuli, and very little evidence exists on the feasibility of detecting and/or quantifying the intensity of pain experimentally induced by mechanical stimuli. In addition, the use of multiple parameters can bring complications during implementation, electrical risk and discomfort for the subject. Based on this, the objective of this study was to assess whether it is possible, through certain parameters derived from the photoplethysmographic signal (PPG), to detect the presence or absence of pain caused by mechanical stimuli. The three parameters used were heart rate, PPG signal amplitude (PPGA), and the high-frequency component of heart rate variability. Fifteen healthy subjects (11 men and 4 women; between 18 and 45 years old) voluntarily participated in the study, after signing an informed consent. A mechanical stimulus was applied at three different intensities: 3, 6 and 9 N, for approximately 3 seconds, and the variations of the chosen parameters were captured through an acquisition circuit and a processing algorithm programmed in the MATLAB environment. The results obtained suggest that, even though the three parameters were able to distinguish pain from no pain, only the heart rate was able to differentiate between low and medium pain levels, as well as low and high pain levels. However, it was shown that, regardless of tensity, a mechanical stimulus capable of inducing pain could significantly influence the parameters analyzed. Future work could include a larger number of participants and randomize the application of the stimulus.Item Herramienta para la Adquisición de Ventiladores Mecánicos en IPS Públicas(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Narváez Arteaga, Diego Fernando; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo AntonioCurrently the use of Mechanical Ventilation in patients has become more frequent due to the high rate of Respiratory Failure. Mechanical Ventilation is the procedure of temporary replacement of normal respiratory function, due to a pathological disorder, with the objective of overcoming the cause of respiratory failure and seeking to disconnect the patient from the ventilator in the improvement phase, once the acute phase has passed. The purpose of this project was to design a tool that would allow the evaluation of technology in mechanical ventilators in three different health care entities. Pilot tests were carried out at the Santa Sofía del Pacifico Clinic in Buenaventura, the María Ángel Clinic in Tuluá and the Isaías Duarte Cancino Hospital in Cali, for a period of three months between April and June 2018. The information for the design of the tool was extracted from manuals, suppliers and physiotherapists, evaluating the main characteristics of the needs and pathology of the patients. During the test process it was possible to check or verify the assessment and acceptance in the clinical field. Finally, the respective adjustments were made for the operation of the technology assessment and the selection program was the most adequate and functional, being accepted by the health care entities, offering them a free tool that would allow them to choose the best technology and cost-benefit relationship and in turn satisfying the needs of patients who require the support of Mechanical Ventilation with the appropriate technology for weaning or recovery.Item Viabilidad del reúso de dispositivos médicos empleados en cirugía oftalmológica en institución de nivel IV en Cali(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Gallego Figueroa, Leonardo Andrés; Candelo Osorio, Paola Andrea; Vargas Vásquez, John EdwarThe reuse of single-use medical devices (DMUU) in Colombia does not have specific legislation. Resolution 2183 of 2004, by which good sterilization practices are adopted for health service providers and regarding reuse, which is an increasingly common practice at national level, allow this technique as long as health institutions bear with scientific evidence that the safety and integrity of the patient is not exposed. The study was carried out on four DMUU types reused in a health institution in the city of Cali, among them we have: cannula of charles with silicone tip 23 GA, vacuum receiving trephine - vacuum donor trephine, set of lancets / trocar X 3, straight endolaser fiber. In order to identify the viability of the DMUU reuse and collect scientific evidence, laboratory tests of microbiological analysis, structural analysis were developed. Which allowed to evaluate the reuse process, indicating the pre sence or absence of microorganisms, trauma, wear, among others. As a result of this study it was obtained that the cannula of charles can be reused a maximum of three reuses and the cleaning and sterilization protocol must be reassessed, the vacuum receiving trephin e in conjunction with the vacuum donor trepan can be reused a maximum of a reuse, the set of lancets / trocar X 3 can be used up to a third reuse in the surgical process and for the straight endolaser fiber can be reused until a fifth reuse cycle with the pos sibility of reuse in an additional cycle. Additionally, a cost analysis study was carried out for all the medical devices studied, which allowed identifying the practice of reuse for the institutionItem Evaluación del efecto de la reutilización sobre dispositivos médicos de único uso en una institución de salud del Valle del Cauca(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Méndez Arana, María Isabel; Vargas Vasquez, John EdwarThe reuse of single-use medical devices (SUDs) is a common practice in our country's health institutions. Although this may lead to consequences, their extensive use is due to the costs of acquiring new devices, hazardous medical waste reduction and the positive impact on accessibility to health services. In Colombia there is no regulation that prohibits the reuse of SUDs; otherwise, the Colombian norm “resolution 2003 of 2014”, allows the reuse of a single-use medical device, as long as there is scientific evidence about its security. For this study, an analysis and characterization of five reused SUDs types in a Valle del Cauca health institution was performed: the inflatable anesthesia mask, the 23G vitrectomia handpiece, the combined constellation cassette and indigo cutters polishing and shearing, for which reuse procedures were identified and laboratory tests were applied for microbiological analysis, structural analysis and leak testing, to verify the functional characteristics of each type of medical device. As a result, it was shown that inflatable masks for anesthesia can be reused a maximum of five times, the handpiece vitrectomia 23G could be reused two and up to three more cycles, the constellation cassette can be reused up to one fifth cycle with the possibility of reuse in an additional cycle, diamond-encrusted milling cutters with a maximum of twice and for medical devices cutting cutters is left in a subsequent study where a metallographic and specialized hardness analysis will be performed by evidence of deformations found during structural analyses.Item Implementación de un procedimiento de evaluación de obsolescencia en equipos biomédicos instalados en una institución prestadora de servicios de salud de nivel III en la ciudad de Santiago de Cali(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Ramos Sánchez, Evelyn Maritza; Aragón Cano, Vanessa; Vargas Vásquez, Jhon EdwarThe management of medical technology is a fundamental part of health institutions, which provides different tools to guarantee the operation and effectiveness of the technology. In this context, performance evaluations of biomedical equipment provide information on what is their physical-functional status that serves to verify that they are in optimal conditions and not a risk to the patient or health personnel. Therefore, it is proposed in the present investigation to develop an obsolescence evaluation procedure for a health service provider institution (IPS); For this purpose, a series of variables and criteria are determined to identify the current state of the technology within the institution and provide qualitative indicators, which provide the support to decide when it is time to make a replacement and / or device renewal caused by obsolescence. For which it was implemented in a specific area and as a product, accurate information was obtained about the medical devices evaluated for later decision making.Item Revisión de métodos de calibración para monitores fetales(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Contreras Vélez, Jhon Jairo; Vargas Vásquez, Jhon EdwarCurrent national regulations requires health service providers to calibrate biomedical equipment containing measurable variables and used in hospitals. This activity generates greater reliability in the operation of the equipment and increases the quality of health care services. To perform the calibration, it is necessary to create and validate methods for each piece of equipment, taking into account the variables that are part of its system. Currently, the Superintendence of Industry and Commerce (SIC), which is responsible for issuing technical regulations for the standardization of methods, has not issued such guidelines for all biomedical equipment; therefore, each company providing calibration services must create and validate its own methods (non-standard methods). One of the equipment that does not have standardized methods is fetal monitors, which are diagnostic equipment used by medical personnel to evaluate information related to fetal heart rate and uterine activity. Considering their importance in clinical practice, the principle of operation is identified, the variables it measures and the operating ranges relevant to each variable in the clinical setting are analyzed. The use and information evaluated in a cardiotocography test (CTG) is then briefly explained. Finally, a review of existing calibration methods for fetal monitors is provided. It is important to note that the methods mentioned for each variable are taken from various authors with emphasis on those where information is certified by accrediting bodies, where the method and the measuring instrument or simulator applied is evaluated.Item Calidad de la medición del peso corporal durante las primeras etapas del desarrollo infantil: una revisión(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Riascos Arboleda, Julián David; García Herrera, Felipe Augusto; Argüello, Erick JavierOne of the anthropometric variables that allow predicting possible abnormalities in the development of newborns is body weight. Just as a lower than expected value could increase the risk of the probability of dying during the first year of life, a high birth weight could also be a risk factor for developing obesity. In the case of neonates who are in intermediate therapy, weight is measured daily using a neonatal scale or a baby scale. Since the weight of a newborn is expressed in grams, the relative error can be considerable, which implies the need to ensure the quality of the results provided by these instruments. Based on this, a systematic review of the literature regarding the quality of body weight measurements in newborns was carried out. To this end, a literature search between 2007 and 2019 was performed on 6 databases: Bdigital, Iopscience, Mincit, Minsalud, Repositorio and Scielo. After removing duplicates and evaluating whether the study was really relevant, 19 documents were chosen for analysis. Of the total number of studies reviewed, it was found that Colombia does not currently have a quality assurance program for the measurements reported by baby weighing scales. This, in turn, could be attributed to insufficient national and international regulations for measurements in biomedical equipment; very expensive metrology processes for some regions; and personnel not capable or qualified to carry out metrological activities. Hence the need to carry out new studies of current regulations, both nationally and internationally in terms of quality assurance processes in the measurements of biomedical equipment for weighing newborns. This in order to promote the generation of new mechanisms that focus on improving the provision of health servicesItem Evaluación del desempeño del filtro de olla cerámica EKOFIL® bajo dos concentraciones de plata coloidal(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Cuastumal Recald, Jorge Alexander; Méndez Posso, José Leonardo; Pérez Vidal, AndreaThe ceramic pot filter technology impregnated with colloidal silver is a viable alternative for the treatment of water for human consumption, characterized by its low cost, ease of handling and efficiency. In this research project, the performance of a Colombian-made filter model, impregnated with two concentrations of colloidal silver (500 ppm and 1000 ppm) was evaluated. PH, conductivity (µS/cm) and turbidity (UNT) were defined as follow-up variables and as a response variable total silver (mg/L). Synthetic water was used adjusting turbidity with kaolin (5.07 ± 0.51 UNT) and conductivity with NaCl (0.37 ± 0.5 µS/cm). The filters were evaluated under two operational conditions based on the pH of the synthetic water or tributary; in the first condition the pH was of the order of 8.60 ± 0.83 units and in the second of 5.36 ± 0.25 units. Additionally, in the first condition, synthetic water was inoculated with an average E.coli concentration of 2.1 x 103 CFU / 100 mL in order to evaluate the influence of the colloidal silver concentration on the microbiological removal efficiency. The results of the study showed that there is no significant statistical difference between 500 ppm and 1000 ppm filters in terms of the removal of E.coli in the effluent (gl=18, F=18.8.49, p=0.41) reaching average efficiencies 98%, in addition to evidencing that there is no health risk since the maximum concentration measured was 0.03 mg Ag/L in the 1000 ppm filter. The average turbidity of the effluent was 0.47 ± 0.22 UNT for the 500 ppm filter and 0.59 ± 0.25 UNT for the 1000 ppm filter, showing that there are no significant statistical differences in terms of turbidity (gl=43, F=47.49, p=0.29 ). It is concluded that increasing the concentration of silver in the filters does not influence the efficiency of microbiological removal and, on the contrary, it could unnecessarily increase the cost of the filtration system, being advisable to impregnate the ceramic pot with a concentration of 500 ppm.Item Métodos de calibración para insufladores abdominales(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Hernández Mendoza, Jefferson; López Pacheco, Moisés; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo AntonioThe pneumoinflator or abdominal insufflator is a fundamental equipment in a large number of surgical specialties, mainly in laparoscopic surgeries. It is used for the introduction of CO2 into the abdominal cavity, known as pneumoperitoneum, to generate adequate working conditions for intervention. the gas supplied in terms of volume, flow and pressure, are essential to prevent adverse events such as hypercapnia, hypothermia and embolism. Given the importance of a pneumo-insufflator when used in surgery, the health care institutions should verify that their equipment is in optimal conditions of use, with periodic calibration and good management of preventive maintenance-oriented at risks. For pneumoinflator equipment, there is a wide and diverse variety of calibration methods because the equipment has two separately creditable variables such as flow and pressure, but there is no standardization of a guaranteed method or of the coupled variables for this equipment, which could lead to possible errors at the time of calibration. Thus, in this paper presents the most relevant calibration methods for abdominal insufflators. A standardized method is suggested to help reduce errors that may arise in the calibration process, the unification of calculations and a better estimate of uncertainty. Additionally, the principle of operation of the equipment, its characteristics, maintenance routine, internal composition and the complications that could occur during surgery are presented.Item Propuesta para la gestión de residuos sólidos en la secretaría de cultura del centro cultural de Cali(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Rodriguez Villada, Jaime Alexis; Perez Vidal, AndreaThis research addresses the issues related to the Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan (PGIRS) implemented in the Ministry of Culture of Santiago de Cali, specifically regarding the challenges presented by the entity in the separation at the source and the good practices in the use of waste generated by officials and users who visit the Cultural Center. The objective of this article is to contribute to the current state of solid waste management in the Ministry of Culture of Santiago de Cali, proposing improvement actions that allow improving the control of collection points that are distributed in that public space. It starts with identifying the different activities that are carried out within the Secretariat by means of data obtained such as: source separation, final disposal and statistical observation through the average perception of officials and visiting users. In the results, it was found that the Secretariat generates approximately 14,907 kg per year of unusable solid waste and of which 31.2% is material with potential that can be exploited through recycling or reuse processes. In the perception, it is observed that 41% of the officials only sometimes use the ecological points and 47% of the users state that they do not do so due to lack of signage. The proposal is directed towards a philosophy of continuous improvement established in the PHVA cycle, accompanying what it has with new proposals that seek to correct the deficiencies found in the diagnosis, as well as to give correct compliance with the comprehensive Solid Waste Management PlanItem Desarrollo de un dispositivo biomecatrónico adaptable al miembro superior humano para ejercicios funcionales de acondicionamiento físico(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Tovar Sánchez, Javier David; Franco Vargas, Sergio Alejandro; Arcos Hurtado, Edgar FranciscoRecognizing the importance of technology in the different processes of scientific, economic and social research, and putting it at the service of man in favor of improving their health conditions, has been a constant throughout history. Today these advanced technologies are offered only in specialized places for such purposes, which limits users in time and space to make use of them, not allowing the integration of such technologies to their daily lives and facilitate their living conditions. Another relevant aspect is the high costs associated with these technologies, a factor that prevents people who do not have economic resources from accessing them. Taking into account these aspects, and in order to reach a larger population, we developed a biomechatronic device adaptable to the human upper limb with double functionality, the first is the prevention of diseases associated with sedentary lifestyle through the enhancement of functional exercises of physical conditioning, focusing mainly on strengthening and bodybuilding in the early stages after an injury, the second is rehabilitation for people with mobility difficulties in the upper limb, either by natural causes or accidental, providing in a single portable device the ability to prevent and rehabilitate diseases and / or injuries of the upper limb. The first is the ability to prevent and rehabilitate diseases and / or injuries of the upper limb. In the process of developing the device, stages of planning, generation and evaluation of concepts, detailed design, construction, tests and adjustments were carried out to finally arrive at the prototype that managed to satisfactorily supply the bodybuilding and rehabilitation phases, the latter being the main axis, given the technical specifications required for bodybuilding in active users.Item Evaluación del efecto de la plata coloidal sobre la calidad química del agua filtrada de dos modelos de filtros caseros(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Avilés Torres, Bryan Camilo; Narváez Garavito, María Alejandra; Silva Leal, Jorge AntonioThe purification of water and sanitation is a public health problem, where the technological gap in water treatment systems between the urban and rural population is evident, therefore, to minimize this problem, various treatment systems are implemented to supply water. Drinking water of communities with socio-economic limitations among them are the systems of home purification as the filter system by filtering bed of ceramic vessel. In this study we evaluated a ceramic pot filtration system, called Ekofil and Ekofil plus, which consists of a clay pot impregnated with colloidal silver and the Ekofil plus that has an activated carbon cartridge reinforcement impregnated with colloidal silver. The concentration of silver on the filtered effluent was evaluated in two models of ceramic pot filters used in the treatment of water for human consumption, for which the measurement of two types of synthetic water was carried out under controlled laboratory conditions for 10 weeks. The results obtained in both filtration models showed that the silver leaching was below the limit of 0.1 mg / L established by the EPA. According to the control variables pH, conductivity and turbidity, it was evident that the Ekofil filter was the one most in accord with what was established by Colombian regulations (Resolution 2115 of 2007) with a removal of 95.4%. Both systems of potabilization provide safe water in order to supply rural communities that do not have water treatment systems.Item Diseño de un manual de calidad para la empresa ASIA SOLUTION S.A.S basado en la resolución 4002 de 2007 del INVIMA(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) De la Cruz Velasco, Andrés Felipe; Escarria Obando, Carlos Mauricio; Arcos Hurtado, Edgar FranciscoASIA SOLUTION SAS is a company whose main activity is the import and commercialization of biomedical equipment mainly for aesthetic use, initially founded in the city of Bogotá in 2014. It is currently operating in the city of Cali, through an initial diagnosis it is possible to identify absence of information due to poor organization, undocumented procedures which has generated reports of non-compliance, return of products for guarantee due to bad storage, lack of knowledge, lack of traceability of processes, which has generated loss of credibility in customers Due to the fact that the company does not have a certified quality management system, this is how document design takes importance through engineering methodologies that allow the identification of its organizational processes, the standardization of activities, the implementation of management indicators and clear objectives with r concrete results that reduce the difficulty to implement a QMS based on Resolution 4002 of 2007 of INVIMA, which allows to mitigate not only the absence of informality in the organization but also in order to achieve certification of storage and conditioning capacity of the CCAA medical devices, minimum requirement for all importing and commercializing establishments of medical devices.Item Protocolo para la adquisición de señales mioeléctricas de los músculos inervados por los nervios ulnar, radial y medial para una órtesis de mano(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Bravo Hoyos, Andrea Alexandra; Pérez Plaza, Vanessa; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo AntonioAn orthosis is an external device applied to the body at the time of a structural, functional or disability impairment, which over the years has demonstrated its benefits in rehabilitation and functionality. Currently, there are active orthotics of general design. This suggests some adaptability in the person who has a disability, leading to an inadequate use of the orthotics in many cases. An alternative is the design of orthoses in a specific way, which has limited studies. This is the case of the hand, which is one of the organs with greater external functionality in the human body and which is directly related to daily activities such as feeding and non-verbal communication, mainly. This project proposes a protocol for the acquisition of myoelectric signals in the muscles of the upper limb. They are innervated by the radial, medial and ulnar nerve, which are responsible for the movements of flexion, extension, ulnar and radial deviation of the hand. They also have to do with metacarpophalangeal flexion, metacarpophalangeal extension, and opposition and thumb adduction. In the future, this project can be used as a guiding base for the design and construction of a specific functional active hand orthosis. This study includes the generation of patterns of each movement and the comparison of the magnitude of the myoelectric signal, in order to determine the specific location of the electrodes. Samples of the signals were made in six people without disabilities, non-invasively. The points of greatest innervation detected by the surface electrodes in each muscle were determined. Seven (7) protocols and / or recommendations for the location of sensors in the muscles with reference in the SENIAM were obtained, with the aim of defining the appropriate combinations for the design of an active orthosis. Finally, with this study it is possible to determine the location of the electrodes for the proper classification of the eight (8) movements. Depending on the disability to be treated, the designer and / or manufacturer of the orthosis will be free to determine the necessary number of devices electronic devices according to the needs. The idea is to avoid overloaded systems of devices (sensors, actuators) that can generate trauma during the use of the orthosis and even its uselessness due to ergonomics problems or simply due to the weight of the device.