Bioingeniería
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Item Una revisión de procesos de calibración de los ventiladores mecánicos(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Zea Diaz, Valentina; Rivera Chila, Christian Camilo; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio ( Director)Mechanical ventilation is a procedure of artificial respiration employing a mechanical device, which allows assisting or substituting the respiratory function, to improve oxygenation and contribute to pulmonary mechanics. During the time of the Covid-19 pandemic, the importance of the use of mechanical ventilators, fundamental for respiratory insufficiency generated by the infection, was evidenced; the growing demand for this equipment evidenced the lack of governmental regulation of the use, maintenance processes, and calibration of its duly documented parameters. In this sense, a bibliographic review of the calibration processes for mechanical ventilators was carried out in this work. The search was carried out using descriptors in different databases such as Springer, Dialnet, Scopus, Scielo, Google Scholar, and PubMed, considering publications in scientific journals, theses, and websites of organizations over 16 years (2009-2024). The results show that the calibration takes into account processes before the activity, such as (i) preparation of the environment for reliable data collection, including temperature and relative humidity, (ii) preparation and conditioning of the analyzer and ventilator under study, (iii) mounting for connection of the analyzer to the equipment, and (iv) calibration of the equipment considering tidal volume, respiratory frequency, I:E ratio, peak pressure, PEEP, FiO2 and peak respiratory flow.Item Desarrollo de una guía de evaluación que garantice la calibración y el control metrológico del termohigrómetro digital en cumplimiento de los estándares de calidad y la normatividad sanitaria vigente en Colombia para el sector salud(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2025) Muñoz Bustamante, Daniel; Arcos Hurtado, Edgar Francisco (Director)This study highlights the urgent need for standardized metrological control and calibration of digital thermohygrometers in Colombia's healthcare sector to ensure compliance with national quality standards and health regulations. These instruments, essential for monitoring temperature and relative humidity, are critical for medication storage, patient safety, and diagnostic accuracy; however, calibration inconsistencies, a shortage of accredited laboratories, and regulatory gaps present serious risks such as vaccine spoilage and compromised care. Through a documentary review and comparative analysis of Colombian regulations (e.g., Decreto 1471 de 2014, Decreto 4725/2005, Resolution 3100/2019) and international standards (e.g., NTC ISO/IEC 17025:2017, NTC ISO 9001:2015), the study identifies key challenges and proposes an evaluation guide that integrates legal and technical criteria to ensure traceability and calibration reliability. The findings emphasize the need to strengthen accredited calibration services, standardize environmental monitoring protocols, and improve personnel training, offering a foundational resource for healthcare institutions, biomedical engineers, and policymakers committed to enhancing measurement precision and protecting public health.Item Confiabilidad y exactitud de los resultados de los métodos de medición de glucosa utilizados en ambientes extrahospitalarios, y sus implicaciones en el control clínico del paciente diabético: revisión sistemática de la literatura(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026) Zapata Escobar, Mayra Camila; López Espinosa, Luisa Fernanda; Valencia Montaño, Natalia; Trejos Vidal, Luis Anderson (Director)Diabetes mellitus is one of the most impactful chronic diseases worldwide, whose prevalence has significantly increased over the last decades, highlighting the importance of constant glucose monitoring to prevent associated complications. This study aimed to analyze the reliability and accuracy of glucose measurement methods used in out-of-hospital settings and their influence on the clinical management of diabetic patients, through a systematic review of the literature. The PRISMA methodology was applied for the search, selection, and analysis of scientific articles published between 2018 and 2025, using search engines such as Google Scholar and databases databases such as Scielo, Scopus, IEEE, and PubMed, prioritizing studies that evaluated the technical performance of glucometers, continuous monitoring sensors, and non-invasive technologies. The results show that although continuous monitoring devices present better performance in data stability, electrochemical glucometers remain the most accessible and widely used, despite variations in accuracy due to biological and environmental interferences. Likewise, a significant gap was identified in the comparative evaluation of emerging technologies under the criteria of ISO 15197:2015. Therefore, it is understood that the reliability of out-of-hospital medical devices depends on calibration, usage conditions, and user training, which highlights the need to strengthen metrological validation and self-monitoring education for effective diabetes management.Item Evaluación de la limpieza del biogás de la digestión anaerobia de estiércol de cerdo utilizando un sistema de filtración como estrategia para la valorización del sustrato(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026) Díaz Rincón, Silianna*; Pabón Laguado, Andrés**; Ostos Rojas, Iván Mauricio (Director)Anaerobic digestion is a process carried out by microorganisms in the absence of oxygen, that degrades the organic matter in swine manure and produces biogas, a renewable energy source. Even though tubular digesters have been installed on pig farms in Colombia, difficulties arise from their maintenance and monitoring. In addition, it is important to consider that biogas impurities, such as carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and water vapor, can be harmful to human health and the environment. The evaluation of a filtration system using commercial adsorbent materials could represent an innovative solution in the colombian rural context. In this study, cleaning of biogas from the anaerobic digestion of pig manure was evaluated in a pilot plant, equipped with a filtration system with activated carbon, iron oxide and silica gel. The manure and inoculum were characterized, and agitation, temperature and pH were controlled. Over six weeks, samples were collected for solid analysis and the performance of the filtration process was studied, focusing on days 65 to 107, when biogas production was more stable. Finally, the potential energetic valorization of swine manure was assessed, determining that, after passing through the filters, the biogas would be suitable for use in a stove and a 750-W electric generator. Concentrations of CO2, relative humidity and H2S were reduced by 53%, 65.7% y 78.5%, respectively and CH4 concentration increased 4.5%. Implementing this filtration system would reduce health and environmental risks associated with unfiltered biogas.Item Monitoreo del proceso de masticación mediante sensores de fotopletismografía: estudio de factibilidad.(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026) Escobar Manrique, Santiago; Gordon Uribe, Werner; Arguello Prada, Erick Javier (Asesor)Mastication is an essential function in the digestive and orofacial system, understood as the coordinated activity of the facial muscles and structures involved in chewing, swallowing, and mandibular posture, making it relevant to explore non-invasive methods that allow its evaluation with greater comfort and accuracy. This study assessed the feasibility of using photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors to record mandibular movements during the chewing process. An experimental setup was designed with two PPG sensors positioned on the chin and the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), along with a reference electromyography (EMG) sensor placed on the masseter muscle. Data was collected from twenty-four participants while they chewed foods of different textures, including controlled intervals of rest and speech. The signals were filtered, normalized using a robust z-score, and analyzed through non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn-Šidák tests. The results showed that the chin PPG channel partially reflected changes related to mandibular movement, although no statistically significant differences were found between chewing and resting phases. In contrast, the EMG signal displayed clear variations among conditions, confirming its sensitivity to muscle effort. These findings suggest that, while PPG does not yet allow precise discrimination of masticatory events, its behavior demonstrates the technical feasibility of this approach and its potential for future applications in portable orofacial monitoring systems aimed at detecting speech and chewing patterns.Item Análisis de la influencia de la climatización intraoperatoria en la seguridad del paciente en ambientes quirúrgicos en una clínica de alta complejidad(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026) Bernal Candela, Daniel Alejandro; Muñoz González, Dilan Andrés; Godoy Jaimes, Kristy Alejandra (Asesor)Climate control is an important factor during a patient’s surgical intervention to ensure safety throughout the perioperative period. In this study, data from 1095 surgeries were analyzed, including relevant clinical and environmental variables. The results show that age is strongly related to the presence of comorbidities, especially in older adults, which increases the risk of surgical complications. The study also indicates that small thermal variations can negatively affect vulnerable patients. A predictive model based on logistic regression and synthetic data was developed to balance the sample, with the synthetic data generated using empirical copulas. This model anticipates hypothetical cases of complications, demonstrating the potential of artificial intelligence for clinical trials to reduce patient risk in a surgical environment and to strengthen patient safety.Item Sistema de marcación logístico para distribución en una empresa de estructura metálica con énfasis en despacho de materiales metálicos(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Astaiza Sánchez, Elvis Jair; Barona González, Daniela; Tavera Romero, Carlos Andrés (Director)This document explains the improvement proposal through the CDIO methodology, presented for the company MS assemblies and industrial services. Which is constituted as a company that designs, manufactures and installs metallic structures in different sectors (residential, commercial and industrial). The proposal is presented in order to reduce times and errors in the delivery to the customer, using CDIO tools, the ones used were: Conceive, design, implement and operation, which are adapted for all types of companies regardless of size. In this case, it is the distribution of the metal structure (finished product) which is located in the storage yard, of the company, using the conceive tool it is possible to identify the current state of the dispatch process, the non-conformity of the client is established by the Arrival out of time of the structure, with the design, the loading procedure is defined, the marking of elements in visible areas with "Sticker" and the setup area "Picking", this allows improvements in the visualization of the metallic element due to its geometry and weight. It is concluded that with the use of the aforementioned tools, a reduction in errors and delivery times is generated, inventory control in the storage yard.Item Evaluación de la potencialidad de reuso del agua de rechazo del sistema de ósmosis inversa (RO) de un centro de diálisis en la ciudad de Cali(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Rossi Solis, Luis Antonio; Pérez Vidal, Andrea (Directora)Hemodialysis (HD) is a treatment performed in patients with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI), among the many elements of HD, the quality of the water used for the production of dialysis fluid is paramount, for this reason it is necessary to have a complementary system of drinking water treatment, which achieves to purify the water to achieve the quality standards required in HD. This is how the reverse osmosis (RO) system turns out to be an effective technology for this condition. In this research, we evaluated the potential re-use of rejected water (RW) generated by a system used in a dialysis center in the city of Santiago de Cali. A bibliographical review was carried out to establish the physicochemical and microbiological priority variables to be measured. The physicochemical and microbiological characterization of the water entering the RO system and the rejected water (RW) was carried out by 2 composite samplings. Finally, a proposal was made for the different uses of rejected water in various activities of the hemodialysis center based on the estimation of flow rates and water consumption on these activities. The results showed that the characteristics of the water entering the RO system, although it complies with the parameters established for drinking water, is not suitable for use in HD treatment, and the use of the RO system is essential to achieve permeate water of excellent quality. The microbiological characteristics of the RW showed the absence of heterotrophic bacteria, total coliforms, Escherichia coli, thermotolerant coliforms and Salmonella sp, high concentrations were evidenced in parameters such as potassium, chlorides, chromium, total alkalinity, iron, fluorides, manganese, nitrates, sulfates, dissolved solids and conductivity, however, it is suitable for re-use in industrial activities such as sanitary flushing, heat exchange in cooling towers and boilers, mechanical cleaning of roads and in fire-fighting irrigation systems. The use of RW; in irrigation of green areas and gardens may be limited, due to the concentration of fluorides that does not comply with the maximum permissible limit value of resolution 1207/2014. It was observed that the free residual chlorine of the RW does not comply with the minimum value established in resolution 2115 2007, for which it is considered unsuitable for consumption. The local activities in which the RW can be re-used were identified, such as washing mops, washing waste rooms, washing the facade of the dialysis center and flushing toilets, determining their daily consumption; additionally, a scheme of the points of usage in the dialysis center was proposed in Santiago de Cali.Item Aproximación a un protocolo de calibración para el pulsioxímetro(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Arroyo Olayo, Dayana Andrea; Realpe Gómez, Karen Patricia; Argüello Prada, Erick Javier (Director)In clinical practice, the pulse oximeter is one of the most used devices for the diagnosis and monitoring of diseases related to oxygen saturation (SpO2). For this reason, health service providers must have specific protocols for these instruments based on current regulations. However, in Colombia, the current regulations only present general guidelines for the calibration of biomedical devices and there is no standardized protocol for the calibration of pulse oximeters that is based on current regulations. For these reasons and to contribute to the improvement of quality in the provision of the health service, this monograph proposes a calibration protocol for the pulse oximeter that guarantees its proper functioning and, therefore, correct and reliable measurements. For this purpose, a literature review was conducted and it included a search in 4 databases: Google Scholar, Realdcy, Scielo and universiry repositories. 354 documents published in the years 2007-2020 were found. After removing duplicates and examining each of the identified studies, 27 documents were obtained for analysis, including degree theses, legal documents, journal articles, and technical reports. The analysis showed that Colombia is the country with the largest literature on the subject and the only one where a specific protocol has been formulated to calibrate pulse oximeters, but under NTC 7025 of 2005, which makes this protocol out of date today. The proposed protocol is structured in three phases: a first for diagnosis, a second for electrical assurance, and a third and last for the actual calibration of the pulse oximeter. With this contribution, it is expected to submit the proposed protocol to a rigorous evaluation in order to detect shortcomings and make the necessary improvements for its subsequent implementation.Item Plan de mejoramiento ambiental como estrategia de fortalecimiento de la gestión ambiental en la institución sin ánimo de lucro Laura Vergara de Ágreda – Casa de la viuda(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Soto Sáenz, Miguel Ángel; Mina Velásquez, Leopoldo Fernando; Pérez Vidal, Andrea (Directora)Environmental management is a process that guides the proper management of productive activities, through the implementation of practices that promote environmental improvement of the organization. This research proposed an environmental improvement plan to strengthen environmental management in the nonprofit institution Laura Vergara de Ágreda - House of the widow, located in the Municipality of Palmira. The methodology was structured in three stages: i) diagnosis, ii) identification and evaluation of environmental impacts, iii) action plan and follow-up. The general results demonstrated opportunities for improvement aspects, such as the storage of drinking water, management of ordinary and recyclable solid waste, management of chemical products, pest control and efficient use of energy resources; the previous aspects must be intervened, in order to achieve sustainability, well-being and efficiency. The action plan proposed five strategies in order to mitigate the effects generated by internal activities, prioritizing the identification of environmental impacts in the aspects previously described. In the follow-up, the indicators and frequency of the actions to be developed in order to achieve the proposed environmental goals were raised, allowing adjustments to be made, considering the new activities that can be performed in the institution. The future implementation of the action and monitoring plans will allow the institution to increase its environmental performance, permanently with social duty and integral actions.Item Estimación de parámetros para la quimioterapia en cáncer mediante el algoritmo de Levenberg-Marquardt(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Restrepo Diaz, Maria Paula; Paz Carmona, Juan David; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)Cancer is a disease that in most cases causes death. One of the most commonly prescribed treatments for cancer patient is chemotherapy. The patients undergoing this treatment have a number of side effects throughout the process because these drugs reach the tumor at a very low percentage dissipating dissipating the remaining percentage of the drug in the patient’s body, affecting also healthy cells and tissues. To improve the behavior of chemotherapy in cancer patients, it is important to study this treatment during the administration of the drug. Chemotherapy can be simulated by mathematical models that allow the analysis of biological systems, and thus improve their behavior from computational simulations. However, there are different models that describe the dynamics of treatment and it is not an easy task to decide which model is the most suitable for a specific treatment which in turn depends on parameters whose behavior is not well known. In this way, simulations for different mathematical models are carried out to know the behavior of chemotherapy, once these simulations are performed, the model that most closely approaches an experimental process of growth of DU-145 cells is chosen and the rate of decay of the drug Doxorubicin is chosen using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm between the tumor cell growth model and the experimental data. The results indicate that it is only possible to estimate one parameter of the system due to the dependence between them and low sensitivity, thus the estimation of the decay rate of the drug is performed. The results obtained here seek to establish protocols for the planning of chemotherapy with new drugs and different doses in their application and the contribution to a standardization of this parameter in processes of chemotherapy application with Doxorubicin.Item Revisión de procesos de calibración para los equipos de medición en la fabricación de medicamentos(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Cortes Correa, Carlos Andrés; Caicedo Ponce, Javier Camilo; Angulo Zapata, Jhon Sebastián; García Jiménez, Juan Camilo (Director)The objective of this article is to carry out a bibliographic review of the appropriate processes for the calibration of the measuring equipment used in the production of medicines, taking as a reference the analytical balance used in pharmaceutical laboratories. In addition, international calibration requirements for measuring equipment used in the manufacture of medicines at national level will be taken into account, guaranteeing their effectiveness in the market. To fulfill this objective, a descriptive methodology of the information found in databases based on degree works, scientific journals, web pages of organizations and documents of interest is used. Where it was found that the topic of interest has had a growth of study in recent years. The information provided reflects that in Colombia there are current regulations that govern the production of medicines, these measures are of an international scope in which the government has supported itself to designate organizations for said work, this will result in a good regulation of the equipment used in the measurement of medicines in the national territory.Item Diseño de un manual de calidad para el centro de salud Divino Niño en el municipio de Tumaco (Nariño) en el área de control prenatal(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Martínez, Norma Liliana; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)Divino Niño health center, located in the municipality of San Andres de Tumaco, is an institution that provides first-level healthcare services to the community. The hospital has policies for the constant improvement of clinical practices for customer satisfaction. Currently, the prenatal control area does not have a quality manual that complies with the guidelines or legal requirements for its operation, and with these policies, not only the prenatal control area but all areas must also have quality processes to provide a better service. Thus, in this work, the design of a quality manual for the prenatal control area is carried out where it is included three methodological phases: (i) normative information gathering phase, (ii) analysis phase, and (iii) structuring phase. The results indicate that the design of the quality manual for the prenatal care area at the Divino Niño health center is important since these guidelines improve the processes of user care, thus increasing quality processes oriented to clinical practice.Item Medición de presión continua basada en tecnología IoT con aplicación en ensayos de potencial Bioquímico del Metano(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Lemos Valencia, Yordy Mario; Pérez Vidal, Andrea (Directora); Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)PBM methane biochemical potential assays are an evaluation tool in anaerobic digestion that allows estimating the amount of methane that can be generated for each gram of volatile solids digested used, mainly in studies of degradation of organic solid waste. Within the PBM test, there are different methods to obtain the process information which will arise from the system configuration, the type of access to the process and the way to measure it. One of these methods is manometric, which uses pressure variations to quantify methane generation during anaerobic digestion. However, this method has the characteristic of being linked to recursion and uncertainty due to human error due to the need for an operator. With this research project, the development of a continuous pressure measurement device supported by IoT technology was proposed to be used in biochemical potential tests of Methane, improving the reliability and precision of the measured data and reducing the error inherent in the manometric method. associated with the loss of biogas during each measurement. The development includes the use of Arduino microcontrollers and IoT platforms such as Esp8266 and Blynk for the creation of the device. For the design, specifications were taken into account for the selection of the pressure sensor such as: size, type of supply, measurement range and linearity of the output with respect to the input. The MPX2050 was selected as sensor and the electronic design was carried out with the Proteus tool. The implementation of this design was evaluated through a simultaneous triplicate PBM test and compared with the manual manometric method (MM) using biogas pressure (mbar) as the response variable. For the test, an inoculum concentration of 1.5 mg/L (anaerobic sludge from septic tank) and synthetic substrate (glucose + nutrients) in a COD concentration of 710.5 mg/L were used. Glass containers with a capacity of 250 mL were used, leaving a free space (headspace) of 20%; a digital manometer was used for the MM method. The results indicate that the continuous pressure measurement provided by the device was reliable, improving the uncertainty associated with the manual process with the MM method and achieving a more accurate record of biogas production. It is ruled out that the MM method underestimates biogas production due to its average loss of 50.7 ± 12.9 mbar during each measurement.Item Desarrollo de un sistema para la gestión de mantenimiento de equipos biomédicos en el Hospital San Antonio de Barbacoas, Nariño(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Olaya Angulo, Jhonnier Andrés; Rodríguez Estacio, Yonier Boanerges; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)The maintenance management of biomedical equipment in health care institutions plays an important role in providing quality service. Its implementation will make it possible to know the status of biomedical equipment through indicators, such as equipment availability, compliance with maintenance goals, and everything about its technology, which will result in a better service. Currently, information systems through specific systems and database management allow optimal management for the quality service provision. In particular, the San Antonio Hospital located in the department of Nariño in the municipality of Barbacoas does not have adequate management systems and performs this work using excel spreadsheets, which generates problems in aspects such as security, updating, and lack of control of the information. In addition, the high flow of information causes problems with filters and migration of information to another system, which can lead to loss of information or simply not transferring the data to other formats. Thus, in this work, we developed a system for the management of biomedical equipment maintenance called SYSGEB to be implemented in the Barbacoas Hospital. The system is made in PHP programming language in the Visual Studio Code platform, it is a web application that has a web server and MySQL database. SYSGEB has functional modules that allow keeping the equipment inventory, management indicators, maintenance schedule, reports, equipment lifecycle, alarms, and warehouse and user control. For its validation, preliminary functionality and system appreciation tests were carried out using the test cases method, as well as a usability test using the EUS (System Usability Scale) method. The results indicate that SYSGEB has the necessary parameters to carry out the maintenance management of biomedical equipment in favor of quality service and with a high percentage of effectiveness of use and satisfaction on the part of the people involved in the system.Item Sistema para la ubicación, sujeción y adquisición de señales mioeléctricas para el desarrollo de prótesis de amputación transhumeral(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Valencia Palacios, Angie Clarena; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)Myoelectric signal acquisition systems are currently of great benefit in research and the clinical field and rehabilitation. The prosthesis control with myoelectric systems is considered one of the best-known schemes with multiple benefits for people with different types of amputation. This is of a great interest since the arrangement, adjustment, and ergonomics of the mechanism that allows the distribution of the sensors, becomes a fundamental part in the control of prosthesis efficiency. In the present work is developed a system of location, fastening, and acquisition of myoelectric signals for prosthesis of a transhumeral amputation patient to avoid loosening, misadjustment, and fall of sensors. Additionally, to improve the electromyographic acquisition. System testing was performed on 6 (5-1) non-amputees and transhumeral amputees to evaluate the stability, ergonomics, and signal acquisition efficiency. The subject performed the gestures of (i) elbow flexion, (ii) elbow extension, (iii) forearm pronation, (iv) forearm supination, (v) hand opening, and (vi) hand closing. Is realized the feature extraction corresponding to rectified signal, mean absolute value, root mean square, and variance. The results indicate that the acquisition system replaces the tedious and time-consuming conventional acquisition protocols with adequate feature extraction.Item Implementación de un control en línea de lazo cerrado de una interfaz cerebro computadora para la aplicación de un tercer brazo virtual(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Rendón Martínez, Yubely; Argüello Prada, Erick Javier (Director)Brain-machine interfaces (BCI) are systems that decode, order and use brain activity through a computer. Among the various challenges that can be found in BCI systems, brain stimulation or feedback suggests one of the most relevant since it facilitates the understanding and performance of the user. Rehabilitation training suggests one of the applications of the MI-BCI imagination paradigm, focused on guiding the brain to accept external prosthetic devices as its own, contributing to motor function along with physical rehabilitation of the upper extremities. This study implements the online closed-loop control of a brain-computer interface for the application of a virtual third arm, making the user take control of animations given the categories: left arm, right arm, imaginary third arm and resting position, as a means for rehabilitation seeking the perception of novelty for the brain in an immersive environment. The interactive environment was developed in Unity visualized in virtual reality (VR) glasses Oculus Quest 2 and controlled by EEG signals of unipolar or referential acquisition through Biosemi Active Two. A comparison of the contribution of the electrodes in the classification performance in Machine Learning, using Genetic Algorithms (GA), together with the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) in the stages of feature selection and characterization respectively. A 77% accuracy of the model was obtained, using this methodology with the KNN algorithm and 79.66% user acceptance.Item Desarrollo de un dispositivo activo para la rehabilitación del codo(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Collazos Sánchez, Alejandro; Martínez Noguera, Daniela Alejandra; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)A biomechatronic device is a complement that helps or contributes to the proper functioning of any part of the body, depending on the pathology, to recover a lost function. Biomechatronic devices can be adapted to recover a certain function and a couple different tasks that can be used for rehabilitation. Designs are made to address pathologies, the designs are made to address pathologies, which implies that more than one device must be purchased to treat any pathology. Specifically, in the pathologies of epicondylitis and epitrochleitis, there are not many multifunctional devices that adopt more than one therapy. Besides they are of institutional use, which could generate non-attendance of the rehabilitation program. Thus, this work aims to develop a biomechatronic device that contributes to the rehabilitation of the elbow for people with epicondylitis and epitrochleitis. The Project has (i) preliminary specifications for the development of the active device to support the elbow rehabilitation process (ii) the 3D design of five different active devices that support the elbow rehabilitation process in terms of mobility, heat, and protection, and (iii) the construction of an active device chosen through a concept evaluation matrix, which allows performing elbow rehabilitation therapies from a selected design and (iv) evaluation of the device in people with epicondylitis and epitrochleitis. The results indicate that the device has a good reception with 80% of acceptability, 18% regular with the possibility of improvement, and 2% of rejection.Item Prototipo de centro flotante para la recolección de residuos plásticos contaminantes en un lago de agua dulce(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Rentería Coime, Karen Johana; Larrahondo Pantoja, Carlos Daniel; Cárdenas Talero, José Luis (Director)The growing pollution of freshwater bodies due to the accumulation of plastic waste is an increasingly worrying global problem. Improper management of these plastics after use has resulted in their release into rivers and lakes, with environmental and human health consequences. Colombia, like many other places, faces significant challenges in managing this waste. In this context, the adaptation of two floating center prototypes (Clearbot patented by Microsoft®) developed specifically for the collection of plastic waste is presented. The study focuses on the application and efficiency of the prototype, with which tests were carried out in a surface freshwater lake. The prototypes demonstrated their versatility by collecting mainly plastic wrappers, however, also other types of waste, such as bottles. The results obtained suggest that both prototypes have great potential to effectively address plastic pollution in lakes. However, additional research is required to fully understand its application limitations in terms of operation and energy expenditure. The innovative approach of this type of prototype could have a significant impact on reducing plastic pollution in freshwater bodies, which in turn would benefit the environment and public health.Item Dispositivo para rehabilitación de rodilla frente a una ruptura de ligamentо cruzado anterior: apoyo enfocado en la primera fase de rehabilitación(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Gutiérrez Lemos, Ana Carolina; Peláez Arias, Shirley Dahiana; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)The anterior cruciate ligament is one of the parts of the knee that is most affected when lower limb injuries occur. Most of these injuries are treated by surgery, which requires a post-surgical rehabilitation that consists of recovering the angle of movement during flexion of the joint. This rehabilitation phase is called the acute phase, where the physiotherapist indicates the rehabilitation angles subjectively. Due to this subjectivity, in this work a device is developed to assist the first phase of therapy following an anterior cruciate ligament injury, by flexion and extension of the joint at home. The device consists of an active orthosis with a degree of freedom where 10 minutes of therapy with two different angles of flexion and extension are programmed. Tests were performed on 11 healthy people, 1 person who suffered knee dislocation, 2 people with ligament reconstruction, and 1 person undergoing rehabilitation of anterior cruciate ligament injury. The results indicate that the device could contribute to acute-phase knee rehabilitation at home with a satisfaction level of 84%.