Instrumentación Quirúrgica
Permanent URI for this collection
Browse
Recent Submissions
Item Impacto de la medicina personalizada en la evolucion del tratamiento quirurgico: una revision bibliografica(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Rueda Samaca, Maria Fernanda; Cuastumal Cuatin, Miguel Angel; Muñoz Wagner, Juan Camilo; Maldonado, Alejandra Beatriz (Directora)Introduction: Personalized medicine (PM), is defined as an emerging medical practice that uses an individual's genetic profile to guide decisions about prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Objective: The aim of this review is to analyze the impact of personalized medicine on the evolution of surgical treatment. Materials and Methods: A literature review of papers published between 2020 and 2024 was performed, using databases such as ScienceDirect and Springer. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were established to select articles. From a total of 135 articles collected in the databases, 43 were included in the present review. Results: Personalization of surgical treatments based on genomic profiles and biomarkers improves the precision and efficacy of interventions, which translates into better clinical outcomes and faster recovery for patients. However, there are challenges related to the lack of standardization in the manufacturing processes of personalized medical products and the need for an adequate regulatory framework. In addition, it is important to update curricula in health professional training institutions to include training in genetics and molecular biology. Conclusions: PM offers significant opportunities to improve medical care by tailoring treatments to individual patient characteristics. However, its effective implementation requires overcoming technological and organizational challenges, as well as adequate training of healthcare professionals.Item Avances recientes en la revascularización endovascular para el tratamiento de la isquemia crítica de miembros inferiores: Una revisión bibliográfica.(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2025) Morales Gaitan, Laura Daniela; Perez Cifuentes, Isabella; Largacha Moreno, Yiry Paola; Guerra Peña, Geraldine (Directora)Introduction: Critical limb ischemia (CLII), an advanced stage of peripheral arterial disease, represents a major clinical challenge due to its impact on patient functionality, quality of life, and survival. Given the limitations of conventional treatments, endovascular revascularization has emerged as a less invasive alternative with promising results. Objective: To review recent advances in devices, techniques, and clinical outcomes of endovascular revascularization for CLII, using a literature review. Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted on 60 articles published between 2019 and 2024 in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, and Elsevier. Original research and systematic reviews that addressed new devices, complementary techniques, and diagnostic techniques were selected, applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The results highlight the same beneficial use of drug-eluting balloons; drug-eluting stents; atherectomy techniques, lithoplasty, IVUS diagnostic tools, and OCT; in addition, clinical scales such as WIfI and GLASS, on the other hand, have favored risk stratification. The technical success rate is over 80% and limb preservation is 78%, although the risk of restenosis remains a challenge, especially in patients with comorbidities. Conclusion: Endovascular revascularization, within a multidisciplinary approach, improves the quality and functionality of patients with ICMI; however, its use is subject to structured clinical follow-up, broad access to care, and studies focused on sustainability and final results.Item Análisis del abordaje clínico quirúrgico en pacientes con enfermedades autosómicas dominantes: Osteogénesis imperfecta una revisión bibliográfica.(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2025) Mina Campo, Bleidy Yoeli; Velez Paredes, Briyid Andrea; Paz Bonilla, Yosselyn; Sandoval, Adriana Maria (Directora)Introduction Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder characterized by an alteration in collagen formation, which confers greater bone fragility and risk of fractures. Objectives: To analyze the effectiveness and efficacy in the rehabilitation of patients with autosomal dominant diseases: with emphasis on Osteogenesis imperfecta Materials and methods: A bibliographic review of documents published between 2020 and 2025 was carried out, using databases such as: Google Scholar, PubMed, Scielo, Science Direct, Springer nature. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were established to choose the articles. From a total of 67 articles collected in the database, they were included in the present review. Results: Regarding the impact of osteogenesis imperfecta; Patients affected by bone pathologies such as Osteogenesis Imperfecta are candidates to require more than one surgical intervention, this disease is based on an alteration in the protein matrix, which leads to an abnormal formation of bone with rapid replacement, so its most frequent clinical expression is recurrent fractures after generally mild trauma. Conclusion: Osteogenesis imperfecta is a group of heterogeneous abnormalities in collagen synthesis, characterized by multiple fractures and deformities, so its impact addresses a complex multidisciplinary system for the resolution of the main fractures within the surgical act, predominantly long bones.Item Manejo del síndrome de corazón izquierdo hipoplásico como un tipo de corazón univentricular: revisión bibliográfica(2025) Ortiz Bolaños, María José; Urbina Rosero, Geraldine; Segura Castillo, Linda Nerieth (Directora)Introduction: Hypoplastic left heart syndrome is a severe congenital heart disease characterized by underdevelopment of the left ventricle, aorta, and valves (mitral and aortic), which impedes adequate systemic blood flow. The right ventricle serves both circulations, generating progressive overload that, without surgical intervention, often causes death in the first month of life. Objective: To understand and analyze the management of HLHS as a type of univentricular heart. Materials and methods: A literature review was conducted with 56 scientific articles published between 2001 and 2025, selected using inclusion criteria for surgical techniques for the treatment of HLHS and types of grafts used. The sources consulted included databases such as Scielo, Scopus, Medigraphic, and Google Scholar; studies not directly related to HLHS or neurological complications were excluded, resulting in 30 articles. Results: Surgical management of HLHS is based on three stages: Norwood (neonatal), Glenn (4-6 months), and Fontan (2-4 years). These interventions balance systemic and pulmonary blood flow, improve oxygenation, and reduce right ventricular load. Alternatives such as stents and hybrid procedures offer less invasive approaches; mortality decreases with each surgery, and survival rates of up to 95% have been reported one month after Fontan. Conclusion: Surgical and diagnostic advances have improved survival and quality of life in patients with HLHS. However, treatment remains a challenge, so prenatal diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach are essential to improve outcomes.Item Impacto del síndrome ASIA en dispositivos de implantes mamarios: una revisión bibliográfica(2025) Girón Martínez, Karol Julieth; Córdoba Muñoz, Johes Geraldine; Posada Melo, Stephania; Zamora Cardona, Danna Valentina (Directora)Introduction: Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA) has gained clinical relevance in recent years, particularly among women with silicone breast implants, due to its association with systemic autoimmune symptoms that compromise quality of life and generate diagnostic controversy. General Objective: To analyze the impact of ASIA syndrome in breast implant devices through a literature review. Materials and Methods: A bibliographic review was conducted of 40 articles published between 2018 and 2024, selected from databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scielo, Dialnet, Sciendirect, and others. Inclusion criteria prioritized clinical studies, systematic reviews, and scientific consensus on ASIA and breast implants. Results: The results showed that genetic factors (such as HLA-DRB1 and PTPN22), prolonged exposure to adjuvants like silicone, and immune activation mediated by T lymphocytes, cytokines, and autoantibodies play a central role in the development of ASIA. Frequently reported symptoms include fatigue, arthralgia, mild cognitive disturbances, and severe cases of defined autoimmune diseases. Implant explantation has shown significant clinical effectiveness in selected patients. Conclusion: ASIA syndrome associated with breast implants represents an increasing diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Greater standardization of diagnostic criteria, regulatory oversight, and a multidisciplinary approach are needed, as well as personalized strategies based on genetic predisposition and individual immunological symptoms.Item Prótesis thoraflex en enfermedades del arco aórtico por aneurismas y dilataciones: revisión bibliográfica(2025) Cabrera Jaramillo, Laura Camila; Ocampo Tobar, Juliana; Segura Castillo, Linda Nerieth (Directora)Introduction: Aortic arch diseases, such as aneurysms and dilations, represent a highly complex surgical challenge due to their high morbidity and mortality rates and the anatomical difficulty of their approach. In response, hybrid devices such as the Thoraflex prosthesis have been developed, allowing for the comprehensive treatment of the aortic arch and descending aorta in a single intervention. General objective: To analyze the clinical, surgical, and technical effectiveness of the Thoraflex hybrid prosthesis in the treatment of aortic arch diseases caused by aneurysms and dilations. Materials and methods: A descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional literature review was conducted, including 32 scientific articles published between 2017 and 2025. The sources were selected from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Scielo, and ScienceDirect, applying strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The results show that the use of the Thoraflex prosthesis has demonstrated a high technical success rate, with reduced hospital mortality and a low incidence of neurological complications, even in emergency contexts. Its ability to perform repairs in a single surgical stage, its effectiveness in excluding the false lumen, and its utility in complex anatomies are particularly highlighted. Conclusion: The review allowed for the interpretation that the Thoraflex hybrid prosthesis represents an effective surgical alternative for the comprehensive management of the aortic arch. Its application has shown significant clinical benefits compared to traditional techniques, although there are still knowledge gaps regarding its long-term durability and implementation in settings with technological limitations.Item Aplicación de la inteligencia artificial en el diagnóstico de enfermedades neurológicas, análisis e interpretación de imágenes médicas: Revisión bibliográfica(2025) Arango, Valentina; Cantoñi Guerrero, Ledis Elvira; Rodríguez Acevedo, Carolina; Maldonado Rincon, Beatriz Alejandra (Directora)Introduction: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed the diagnosis of neurological diseases by optimizing the interpretation of medical images and facilitating the early detection of pathologies such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s. Objectives: To describe the importance of AI in the diagnosis and management of neurological diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. In addition, to evaluate its efficacy in the reading, interpretation and accuracy of diagnostic images, as well as its impact on early treatment and biomarker detection. Methodology: A literature review was conducted based on recent studies on the application of AI in the diagnosis of neurological diseases such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s, using search equations with Boolean operators in scientific databases. Articles exploring the use of machine learning algorithms in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electroencephalograms (EEGs) were selected. Results: AI improves diagnostic efficiency by reducing variability in image interpretation and facilitating the identification of complex patterns. However, challenges persist, such as the need for extensive and representative databases, ethical regulation in its implementation, and the protection of sensitive neurodata. Discussion and Conclusions: AI represents a promising tool in neurology, with the potential to enhance access to accurate diagnoses and personalized treatments. However, its adoption requires a solid regulatory framework to ensure data security and equity in its use.Item Desafíos tecnológicos y normativa en el reprocesamiento de endoscopios flexibles: revisión bibliográfica(2025) Samboni Silva, Yamileth ; Jimenez Ivarra, Angie Daniela; Maldonado Rincón, Beatriz Alejandra (Directora)Introduction: The reprocessing of flexible endoscopes represents a complex process in health care, given its risk of transmitting infections. Its internal structure makes cleaning difficult, requiring effective protocols, continuous staff training, and up-to-date regulations to ensure patient safety and prevent healthcare-associated infections (HAI). Objective: To analyze the technological challenges in the reprocessing of flexible endoscopes and the national and international regulations for safe patient care, and To identify and analyze the methods of reprocessing flexible endoscopes, evaluating the Spauling classification. Materials and Methods: (30) articles obtained from scientific databases such as Elsevier, ScencieDirect, Pubmed, Scielo and Google Scholar Institutional Repository were analyzed, selecting studies that address technological challenges in the reprocessing of flexible endoscopes and bibliographic reviews that analyzed the clinical application of current regulations and the Spauling rating. Results: The studies analyzed show that the adequate reprocessing of flexible endoscopes requires high-level disinfection to prevent nosocomial infections, in addition, the regulations emphasize manual cleaning, automated disinfection and traceability of the process. Spaulding's classification categorizes these devices as semi-critical, needing rigorous methods such as peracetic acid or new technologies such as UV-Smart D60. Discussion: The safety of flexible endoscope reprocessing requires strict adherence to protocols, effective technologies, and continuous training; critical challenges such as organic residues, microbial resistance, and regulatory inequities persist, which compromise the efficacy of the process and must be addressed to ensure safe and infection-free care.Item Craneosinostosis: comparación entre abordaje quirúrgico abierto y endoscópico. Revisión bibliográfica(2025) Orjuela Guerron, Marlen Susana; Pérez Tapasco, Santiago; Ortiz Pacheco, Edwin Ferney; Maldonado Rincón, Beatriz Alejandra (Directora)Introduction: Craniosynostosis is a congenital malformation characterized by the premature closure of one or more cranial sutures, which can compromise brain development and craniofacial symmetry; currently, there are two main surgical approaches for its correction: open and endoscopic. Both procedures have different clinical and logistical characteristics that must be evaluated depending on the case. Objective: To compare open and endoscopic surgical approaches in the treatment of craniosynostosis, highlighting their advantages, limitations, and short- and long-term effects on pediatric patients. Materials and Methods: A bibliographic review was carried out in databases such as PubMed, SciELO and Google Scholar, using MeSH and DeCS descriptors, 35 studies published between 2019 and 2025 that met methodological and clinical relevance criteria were included; the information was analyzed through narrative synthesis and qualitative comparison. Results: The reviewed studies demonstrated that endoscopic surgery is less invasive, with less blood loss, shorter operative time, and faster postoperative recovery. However, its success depends on strict adherence to orthotic therapy. Open surgery, on the other hand, offers a more complete remodeling and is preferred in complex cases or when the optimal surgical age window is exceeded. Conclusion: Both surgical approaches have proven to be effective, the endoscopic technique is ideal in children under six months of age due to its less invasiveness, while open surgery is still essential in severe cases.Item Terapia de hemoadsorción con dispositivo cytosorb: una revisión bibliográfica(2025) Gómez Bolaños, Valentina; Niño Arias, Yuliana Vanessa; Guerra Peña, Geraldine (Directora)Introduction: Hemadsorption with CytoSorb is a blood purification therapy that seeks to reduce the cytokine storm in hyperinflammatory states, such as COVID-19, preventing multiorgan dysfunction and thus promoting a good patient recovery. This monograph is carried out to evaluate the efficacy and clinical traceability of CytoSorb in critically ill patients, assessing its impact on mortality. Objective: To identify the efficacy of hemadsorption therapy with the Cytosorb device. Materials and methods: A bibliographic review was conducted in different databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar, collecting 50 articles in a tracking matrix in several languages, including English, Russian and Portuguese. Results: Studies show that the CytoSorb device helps significantly reduce inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10, which contributes to respiratory function and stabilizing patient health. This therapy has been shown to be effective in reducing the need for vasopressors and improving oxygenation in critically ill patients. Although some patients did not survive, the overall results were positive, especially in the critical early stages of the disease. The survival rate was good. However, further studies are needed to confirm its long-term effectiveness. Conclusion: CytoSorb therapy offers hope to critically ill patients, helping to control inflammation and improving their prognosis. While the results inspire confidence, more work remains to be done. Further studies are needed to fully confirm its value in the fight to save lives.Item Cardiotoxicidad postquimioterapia en pacientes oncológicos: Mecanismos, diagnóstico y estrategias de prevención en Cardiooncología – Revisión bibliográfica(2025) Paz Acuña, Ingrid Sofia; Segura Castillo, Linda Neireth (Directora)Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity has become established as a relevant complication in cancer patients, compromising quality of life and long-term prognosis. General objective: To analyze the pathophysiological mechanisms, early diagnosis methods, and prevention strategies for post-chemotherapy cardiotoxicity. Materials and methods: A bibliographic review of 39 articles published between 2020 and 2025, selected from databases such as PubMed, Springer, and Scopus, was carried out, applying rigorous inclusion criteria. Results: The results show that mechanisms such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and topoisomerase IIβ inhibition play a key role in myocardial damage. Likewise, effective diagnostic tools such as cardiac magnetic resonance, speckle tracking echocardiography, and biomarkers such as troponin I and BNP were identified, which allow the detection of subclinical damage. Conclusion: It was possible to describe the main pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the development of cardiotoxicity, highlighting the action of anthracyclines as agents widely studied for their negative impact on myocardial tissue. Processes such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, chronic inflammation, activation of apoptotic pathways, impairment of autophagy and accumulation of free radicals were identified as key factors in cardiac damage induced by chemotherapeutic agents.Item Retos y avances de la atención primaria en salud en Colombia: una revisión bibliográfica(2025) Cifuentes Bolaños, Diana Carolina; Vásquez Caicedo, María Camila; Caiza Suarez, Angie Daniela; Sandoval, Adriana María (Directora)Introduction: Primary Health Care (PHC) is globally recognized as a vital component for ensuring Universal Health Coverage and reducing inequalities in access to health services. Objective: To analyze the challenges and progress of primary health care in Colombia. Materials and methods: A literature review was conducted on documents published between 2020 and 2025, using databases such as Redalyc, Elsevier, Google Scholar, Scopus, Medigraphics, Scielo, and ScienceDirect. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were established to select the articles. Out of a total of 73 articles collected, 49 were included in this review. Results: Although PHC in Colombia has a broad regulatory framework, there are still significant limitations in achieving full access, mainly due to the country's socioeconomic situation, the health system's financial debt, and a shortage of professionals in this area. Moreover, the role of the surgical technologist during surgery contributes to patient rehabilitation by facilitating recovery and reintegration into society. Conclusion: The surgical technologist plays a key role not only during procedures but also in the management of materials, infection prevention, and patient safety. Continuous training and the adoption of evidence-based protocols have improved surgical efficiency, helping reduce waiting times and optimize the use of resources in both public and private hospitals.Item Diseño de herramientas pedagógicas de tics sobre riesgos biológicos para estudiantes de instrumentación quirúrgica de segundo a cuarto semestre de una universidad privada de santiago de cali en el periodo 2020 b(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Hernández Restrepo, Laura Daniela; Gasca Polo, Mayra Alejandra; Llanos Palomino, Katherine Alexandra; Maldonado Rincón, Beatriz Alejandra (Directora)Introduction: Design ICT pedagogical tools for the control of biological risks in Surgical Instrumentation students from the second to the fourth semester of a private university in Santiago de Cali, in the academic period 2020 B. Materials and methods: Qualitative, universal study. The population under study was 156 university students, the instrument used was the survey and the Excel program was used for the analysis of the results. Results: 80% of the participants stated that they consider it necessary to implement virtual learning objects in classrooms to reinforce the topics provided by teachers. Conclusions: It is concluded that a part of the surgical instrumentation students have shortcomings regarding the biological risk protocols, which is why it is answered with the objective of implementing a methodological strategy that is within the ICTs, for the minimization and control of risks biological.Item Nivel de conocimiento sobre los anestésicos locales por parte de los estudiantes de séptimo y octavo semestre del programa de Instrumentación Quirúrgica de la Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2018B(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Mejia Urbina, Angeli; Luna Montaño, Luisa Fernanda; Chavez Noguera, Rosa Beatriz; Duque Perea, Angélica María (Directora)The objective of this work is to evaluate the level of knowledge about local anesthetics by students of surgical instrumentation of the seventh and eighth semesters of the Santiago de Cali University, in the period 2018B. To achieve the objective, a quantitative research was carried out, with a descriptive design, collecting information through a survey of 69 students, 39 seventh and 30 eighth semester. It was determined that the level of knowledge about local anesthetics of the seventh and eighth semester students of Surgical Instrumentation of the Santiago de Cali University is medium, the lowest scores were related to questions regarding the duration of a local anesthetic, metabolization and short-acting local anesthetics, the highest score was obtained in questions related to the concept and characteristics of local anesthetics, concluding the importance of training them in such important issues, because the Instrumentador is a professional of the health and its preparation must be comprehensive.Item Nivel de satisfacción sobre las prácticas clínicas en los estudiantes del programa de instrumentación quirúrgica de la universidad santiago de cali, en el período 2019b(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Diaz Campo, Nurelly; Portocarrero Castro, Carlos Alberto; Vallejo Cancimanze, Diana Marcela; Muñoz Bravo, Martha Cecilia (Directora)Training practices are planned and organized pedagogical strategies from an educational institution that seeks to integrate the academic form with the health provision, with the purpose of strengthening and generating competencies, capabilities and new knowledge in students and teachers of the health training programs, in a framework that promotes the quality of health care and autonomous, responsible and ethical professional practice of the profession.(1) The Surgical Instrumentator is the health professional trained to integrate the team that provides comprehensive care to the surgical patient with principles and ethical attitudes that guide their actions as a social being(2). For this reason it is It is essential to carry out high-quality training practices that help the training of said professional, to the high-quality accreditation process that is carried out in the Surgical Instrumentation program of the University Santiago de Cali and in turn to the process of renewal of the Qualified Registry that is will take place in 2020.Item Tendencia en la ropa quirurgica(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Osorio Illera, Daniela; Perez Anaya, Sharid Daniela; Preciado Grisales, Laura Valentina; Preciado Grisales, Laura Valentina (Directora)Nowadays, everything related to medical implementation is taken very seriously and garments for operating rooms are considered as fundamental elements for the maintenance of the asepsis and the correct implementation of surgical procedures, surgical suits must comply with each and every one of them. the essential requirements detailed in the regulations such as the resistance to the penetration of liquids and the non-reflection of light, trying to minimize the risk of infections, the advances that have been presented in recent years in surgical matter have gradually transformed the surgical garments with the objective of protecting the patient and staff, as garments are used as a sterile barrier to mitigate the transmission of microorganisms resulting from a possible polluting focus of the surgical wound, in addition to granting several benefits to the staff. current allow great flexibility Lightweight design and design that improve the care of the areas and personnel exposed in surgery. The market also offers different types of surgical garments such as reusable and disposable and although both types of garments must and can comply with the regulations and characteristics necessary for their use, these, due to their different conditions present different processes in terms of their care, use and elaboration. The research presents a detailed description of these types of surgical garments determining the benefits, advantages, safety and procedures of both and thus determine which is more beneficial taking into account aspects such as patient safety, environment, economy and productivity.Item Nivel de actividad física de los docentes del programa de Instrumentación Quirúrgica de la Universidad Santiago de Cali en el periodo 2019A(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Valencia Benavides, Mayra Alejandra; Gómez Aux, Michelle; Serna Londoño, Diana; Lozano García, Jennifer Johana (Directora)Most of the processes developed in the health sector are focused on improving patient care; However, we must not forget that staff are the most valuable element of an institution, so it must offer them a safe environment that protects them from possible injuries and is also comfortable. (1) Ergonomics is defined as the science that studies the relationship between human beings and their environment, as well as the appropriate postures to perform workplace tasks, the handling of loads, materials and repetitive movements, among other aspects. Its objective is to eliminate or reduce the presence of fatigue or alterations caused by physical overload during the development of activities; To this end, it develops a series of solutions aimed at improving conditions, seeking to increase satisfaction and performance in its place of performance. (2) The health professional's priority is to provide care, his direct relationship with the human being implies guaranteed communication and humanized treatment, his intervention occurs in different situations of health and illness, managing a high degree of responsibility and commitment, showing the importance of his services.Item Factores de riesgo ergonómicos en el personal de cirugia que labora en una ips de alta complejidad de la ciudad de cali, 2018(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Diaz Daza, Maria Melany; Hernandez Valencia, Martha Jennifer; Huertas Belalcazar, Jennifer Victoria; Murillo Panameño, Carmen Lorena (Directora)Most of the processes developed in the health sector are focused to improve patient care; However, it should not be forgotten that the Personnel is the most valuable element of an institution, so it must offer you a safe environment that protects you from possible injuries and that It is also comfortable. (1) Ergonomics is defined as the science that studies the relationship of the human being with their environment, as well as the appropriate postures to perform the tasks of the workplace, handling loads, materials and repetitive movements, among other aspects. Its objective is to eliminate or reduce the presence of fatigue or alterations produced by physical overload during the development of the activities; For this purpose, it develops a series of solutions aimed at improving the conditions seeking to increase satisfaction and performance in your workplace performance. (2) The health professional's priority is to provide care, their direct relationship with the human being implies a guaranteed humanized communication and treatment, its intervention occurs in different health and disease situations, managing a high degree ofItem Nivel de conocimientos y prácticas sobre métodos de planificación familiar que tienen los estudiantes de grado décimo y once de una institución educativa de la comuna 19 de la ciudad santiago de cali, 2018(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Álvarez Benavides, Daniela; Arango Cadavid, María De Los Ángeles; Ceballos Arango, Geraldine; Lozano García, Jennifer Johana (Directora)The level of knowledge and practices on methods of family planning that tenth and eleventh grade students have from an educational institution in the district 19 of the city of Santiago de Cali 2018 was evaluated. A survey was designed that was divided into different categories which allowed to measure the level of knowledge and practices of students, was applied to 180 students of the school. The analysis of the results allowed us to determine the level of knowledge of family planning methods from the survey conducted, which yielded results equivalent to the HIGH level (66.7% - 99.9%) determined from the frequency and percentage of correct answers, where it is evident that 9 of them are in this level corresponding to 50% of the questions asked. The study reveals that students have knowledge about what family planning methods are, however in the category of practices it is observed, based on the results shown in the survey that their level is MEDIUM (33.4% - 66.6 %) determined through the frequency and percentage of correct answers, where it is evident that 13 of them are in this level corresponding to 76% of the questions asked, where there are several pending questions to be clarified, since this is a what they face daily when they require its use, a clear example is with contraceptive pills, since it showed that 68% of the population under study is clear about what they are, but in practice how they should take the pills 21 days only 32% know that after finishing the box they must wait 7 days and continue on the 8th day, and that if they forget to take it one day, only 18% know that it should be taken 2 the next day and continue t One daily Finally there is a discussion, conclusions and recommendations regarding the results found in the investigation.Item Competencias transversales en los cursos de práctica clínica del programa de instrumentación quirúrgica, periodo 2015-2018(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Alarcón Buitrago, Luisa Fernanda; Vanegas Gonzalez, Angie Nathalia; Gil Forero, Janeth Cecilia (Directora)Since the nineties, Colombia immersed in the process of economic globalization, has undergone a process of modernization of its education system and has promoted the implementation of the competencies approach. In response to the training of human talent based on competencies, the Santiago de Cali University assumes this public policy as a reference to enter into a new proposal of curricular guidelines based on clear principles that express its commitment to the integral formation of the subject through methodologies that make visible the development of competences and renovating pedagogical currents that broaden the threshold of learning processes through pedagogical models that facilitate participation, discovery and construction, creating new discourses that favor the student's transformation in their forms of be, see, perceive, lead and configure your object of study as a professional future. In the programs of the Faculty of Health subsequent to the design and implementation of a new curriculum, mechanisms of evaluation and follow-up should be implemented to identify their impact on the competencies and professional profile that is the objective of this research is to identify the Transversal competences in the clinical practice courses of the surgical instrumentation program for the period 2015-2018. This is a descriptive - retrospective research, which used a qualitative and quantitative methodology, where the instruments of information collection were: documentary review, observation guide, structured interview for teachers and students, content analysis, using triangulation to compare the information on results, effects and other indicators from different independent sources.