Psicología
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Item Abordaje psicológico de la esquizofrenia desde los cuidados paliativos(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Viveros Balanta, Andrea Valeria; Acosta Pulido, Ángela Patricia; López Peláez, Jessica (Director)Palliative care emphasizes alleviating the symptoms, pain and suffering of patients mainly oncological, however, mental disorders have been relegated to not be considered terminal diseases. However, pathologies such as schizophrenia imply a deterioration in the patient's quality of life, since it involves their cognitive, social, emotional and physical capacity. The WHO mentions that people with schizophrenia are 2 and 2.5 more likely to die at a young age. The aim of this study is to conduct a review that allows characterizing schizophrenia as a disease that requires psychological intervention from palliative care. It was found that the literature on this topic is scarce, evidencing the limitations of psychological intervention in this area, since these patients develop multiple comorbidities that lead to the treatment being focused on physical illness leaving aside the mental disorder. Reason why, it is intended to propose an intervention strategy called Art Therapy, which allows the patient to develop their social skills and improve their quality of lifeItem ¿Abrir o no la cámara en clases mediadas por tecnologías? Un debate entre estudiantes universitarios(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Moncada Burbano, María del Carmen; Ortiz Leiton, Daniela; Ardila Marín, Ana Milena; Tamayo Montoya, Paula Andrea (Directora)Item Actitudes de los estudiantes de los grados décimo y once frente al rol del Psicólogo en dos Instituciones Educativas del municipio de Istmina-Chocó en el año 2022(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Martínez Velásquez, Angie Carolina; López Peláez, Jessica (Directora)Item Adicción sexual en adultos jóvenes: Revisión exploratoria de literatura en Scopus y Pubmed(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Caicedo Mora, Alejandro; Botero Carvajal, Alejandro (Asesor)Sexual addiction is the inability to control sexual behavior, generates discomfort in the person who suffers from it, affecting various aspects of life: psychological, social, economic and family. Although addictive behavior is well studied, there is little information on sexual addictions in young adults. For this reason, the objective was to identify the knowledge that the scopus and pubmed databases present about sexual addiction in young adults between 2008 and August 2022. A total of 11 articles were included in the review, the existing knowledge was It groups around: 1) compulsive use of pornography and the effect it has on the individual's sexual life, 2) motivations for consuming pornography, and 3) effects on the brain. Future research is expected to yield more precise results on the effect of problematic porn consumption on human behavior and health.Item Afrontamiento cognitivo conductual de los adultos mayores frente a vulnerabilidades emocionales y psicosociales(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Andrade, Amanda Yadira; López Santander, Rodrigo (Director); Botero Carvajal, Alejandro (Director)The research addresses four current theories on coping strategies in the elderly. A bibliographic review is carried out on the cognitive behavioral theory, which provides the theoretical and practical tools necessary when thinking about the behavior, cognition and emotionality of the human being, as well as the coping strategies that have been theoretically described. Therefore, what is proposed is a work of analysis and synthesis regarding the coping strategies described by the models of: Lazarus and Folkman, Ellis and Beck, Jeffrey Young, and George Kelly regarding the contributions that constitute the cognitive model behavioral as a theoretical body that integrates these contributions, as well as their possible therapeutic applications that respond to the problems that the elderly person is going through: depressive states, anxiety problems, progressive isolation and social discrimination. Thus, the knowledge of coping strategies and their repercussion will lead to think about their incidence in the mental health of the elderly, since these are used to face the changing internal and external circumstances that appear at the biological, organic, social, cultural and psychological.Item Afrontamiento del duelo por la pérdida de familiares por Covid-19 en estudiantes universitarios(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Machado Salazar, Antonella; Truque Vergara, Yoici Karina; Jiménez Mora, Abraham Heriberto (Director); Muñoz Cuartas, Leopoldo (Director)The loss of family members who have suffered from Covid-19 has been a situation of great relevance during the last two years, due to the fact that multiple changes have been presented at the psychological and emotional level in human beings (Wallace et al., 2020). According to Hernández et al. (2020) the pandemic produced a high number of human lives lost globally, which led to the impossibility of a normal mourning process and the performance of rituals by each family due to the health emergency and/or spread of the virus. The objective of the present study was to determine the coping in grief for the loss of family members by Covid-19 in students of a private university of Cali in Valle del Cauca.Item Análisis de la calidad de vida de cuidadores a distancia de un Hogar Geriátrico de la ciudad de Cali desde la perspectiva del desarrollo a escala humana de Max Neff(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Arias Giraldo, Natalia; Romero Escobar, Isabela; Tamayo, Paula Andrea (Directora)The quality of life of family caregivers of older adults is an issue of great importance. These caregivers are obliged to fulfill this role, often without adequate tools to cope with the physical and emotional burdens of caregiving or without receiving professional training to cope with this work. The changes in the daily life of the institutionalized family member allow long-distance caregivers to find a balance between the care of their loved one and their own well-being, contributing directly to their quality of life and individual development, especially in vital areas related to affection, participation, identity and freedom.Item Ansiedad de desempeño en la comunidad joven LGBTIQ en los espacios laborales: una revisión exploratoria de la literatura(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Morales González, Laura Isabel; Botero Carvajal, Alejandro (Director)As sexual minorities make great strides from activism in addition to the recognition of rights such as marriage, adoption and laws that protect them from possible social discrimination in work environments, new research has been developing that explores the dynamics of this population, their interaction with others and the risk factors to which they are exposed in different areas of society. It is for this reason that the need has arisen to expose how is the functioning and the course of this great event in the lives of some people; therefore, it is proposed to report on performance anxiety, specifically in the LGBTIQ population (Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual, transgender, intersex, queer) in work spaces, from a scoping review, and how all over the years this has had expansion in the research field, how the approach to this topic has developed, as well as how the practice and experience of some people has been seen through the collection of information, and the discourse of these same people who experience it.Item Ansiedad y depresión en estudiantes embarazadas de la Facultad de Salud durante la pandemia por Covid-19, 2021(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Criollo Hurtado, Valeria; Giraldo Medina, Luis Carlos; López Peláez, Jessica (Directora)The mental health of pregnant women and perinatal disorders are a focus of attention and importance for public and mental health worldwide, especially during the pandemic. The aim of this research is to identify the levels of anxiety and depression in pregnant women of the health faculty of the Universidad Santiago de Cali during the covid-19 pandemic, 2021. Methodology: the sample consisted of 5 participants with an age range of 22 to 30 years, enrolled in the careers of psychology, respiratory therapy, surgical instrumentation, speech therapy and nursing. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and the Trait-State Anxiety Inventory (IDARE) were used as instruments; a sociodemographic questionnaire was also used to collect personal, health and obstetric information from the participants. The results showed that 100% of the pregnant women had medium-high levels of anxiety and 40% had mild to moderate symptoms of depression. The prevalence of anxiety is noteworthy, in addition to the fact that a possible risk factor related to the development and maintenance of these disorders is medical illness during pregnancy. Therefore, the 40% who presented medical illnesses had the highest levels of both anxiety and depression. In conclusion, the promotion and prevention of mental health in pregnant women is an issue that cannot go unnoticed because it can be affected by disorders such as anxiety which is also a perinatal disorder that in this study was presented with a high level of 100% prevalence compared to depression 40%. Therefore, effective care and intervention strategies should be implemented for the prevention, containment and regulation of this type of disorders during pregnancy.Item Ansiedad y satisfacción laboral entre adultos y jóvenes: Un estudio observacional transversal(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2025) Montaño Montaño, Yeni Paola; Botero Carvajal, Alejandro (Director)Item Asociación entre la inteligencia y personalidad en niños de 8-10 años de población no vulnerable en el municipio Santiago de Cali(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Camacho Castillo, Geraldin; Nogales Zamora, Daniela; Gómez Villa, Manuela; Erazo Santander, Oscar Armando (Director)Intelligence is the neuropsychological capacity to process and understand information coming from the environment in order to generate adapted responses to it. On the other hand, personality is understood as a unique abstraction of each subject that is also dynamic, a repetitive and persistent pattern that the individual uses to face the environment. Bearing this in mind, the question arises as to whether these two variables are associated with each other, especially in children between 8 and 10 years of age. Therefore, the objective was to identify associations between personality and intelligence in childhood. For this purpose, a quantitative study with a cross-sectional descriptive design was carried out with approximately 60 third grade students between eight and ten years of age from the Lancaster Bilingual School in Cali. The K-BIT was used to measure intelligence and the CPQ to evaluate personality. After this, an analysis of association between both variables was carried out, which allowed finding mainly a medium association between high scores in Fluid Intelligence and low scores in Psychoticism; it was also found that there is a low association in the high presence of Crystallized Intelligence and Fluid Intelligence, respectively, in relation to low scores in anxiety traits; and there is a low association between high scores in Crystallized Intelligence and Introversion traits. Finally, for IQ and all personality variables there is a low association.Item Barreras en educación inclusiva que tienen los estudiantes en condición de discapacidad vinculados a la Universidad Santiago de Cali(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Truque Mosquera, Laura Mildred; Almeida Salinas, Orlando (Director)The barriers to inclusion of students with disabilities are diverse in terms of the limitation they have, which results in discrimination and desertion from educational institutions. The objective of this study was to analyze the barriers of inclusive education that students with disabilities linked to the health faculty of the Universidad Santiago de Cali during the year 2023 by means of a quantitative methodology with a descriptive-cross-sectional approach applying a survey to 101 10 students with some or some conditions of disability, obtaining as results that 71% of them consider that they have the respect that they should have as persons. In conclusion, it was obtained that the Universidad Santiago de Cali, promotes actions that guarantee the inclusion of students with disabilities, expanding the options of professional training and economic stability, coexistence and participation of this population and promoting the best attitude to its teachers and educational community.Item Beneficios de la terapia asistida por animales en la regulación emocional: Una revisión sistemática de literatura(2022) Llanten Rojas, Natalia Andrea; Cortes Córdoba, Jesly Julieth; Perlaza Copete, Luz Clarita; Botero Carvajal, Alejandro (Director)Mental health is one of the goals of psychology. Emotional regulation together with animal care is associated with better physical and mental health outcomes, however, the benefits of direct and prolonged contact with animals on emotional regulation are unknown. The aim of the study is to describe the benefits of animal-assisted therapy on emotional regulation; the methodology was a systematic literature review in the following databases: Scopus, web of science, pubMed/medline and cochrane trials. Animal-assisted therapy reported benefits in emotional regulation. The use of animals as a complementary treatment to improve emotional regulation allows new therapeutic developments in the field of mental health.Item Beneficios del triptófano, vitamina D3, complejo B y MgCl2 para la disminución de síntomas depresivos en adultos: Revisión exploratoria de literatura(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Giraldo Rivas, Héctor Eduardo; Murgueitio Jácome, Stephanie; Ruiz Rivera, Luz Karina; Botero Carvajal, Alejandro (Director)Background: Depression affects more than 300 million people with negative consequences on their work, school and family activities. Between 60% and 65% of people who need care for depression do not receive it in Latin America and the Caribbean. Objective: To identify the effects of tryptophan, vitamin D3, B complex and MgCl2 in the reduction of depressive episodes in adults. Method: exploratory literature review until April 14, 2021, with the key terms: "tryptophan", "magnesium chloride", "vitamin D3", "complex b", "depression", "adult" using Boolean operators in the electronic databases: Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed/Medline, ScienceDirect. Results: 6 articles included in the qualitative synthesis. Regarding reduction of depressive symptoms: b-complex did not show effectiveness; vitamin D3 was inconclusive; tryptophan and magnesium chloride were effective. Conclusions: Tryptophan and magnesium chloride intake is beneficial in decreasing depressive symptoms. A systematic review and further meta-analysis is suggested because methodological and clinical homogeneity was found. Psychological therapy can incorporate as a complement the use of tryptophan and magnesium chloride for the reduction of depressive symptoms in adults.Item Calidad de vida en adultos con retinitis pigmentosa del grupo RP Valle de la ciudad de Cali(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Zapata Aponzá, María Paula; Valencia Viveros, Doris Angélica; Portocarrero Quiñonez, Julissa Viviana; López Santander, Rodrigo (Director)Vision is one of the senses that allows people to perceive the environment and respond to it. Therefore, maintaining good visual acuity can be considered synonymous with quality of life. Based on the assumption that being at scores close to 100 is the ideal position, it is considered that, in general terms, the quality of life of the members of this study is significantly deteriorated. In relation to the domains, it is identified that those related to physical function are mostly affected. Therefore, it was found that retinitis pigmentosa did affect to a great extent the quality of life of the participants, thus, the hypothesis that was initially proposed agrees to a certain extent with the reality of the participants of this study.Item Características de daños psicológicos en mujeres víctimas de violencia intrafamiliar(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Valenzuela Angulo, Angie Rocío ; Muñoz Cuartas, Leopoldo (Director)Item Caracterización de los consumidores de sustancias psicoactivas en Colombia(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Rendón Rivera, Bryan Steven; Valencia Gómez, Jackeline; Bolaños, Diego Fernando (Director)El consumo de Drogas en Colombia es una situación que se está volviendo una problemática ya que trae consecuencias complejas en la salud pública y en el entorno social de las personas pero que durante varios años ha venido teniendo un comportamiento variable, debido a que por normatividad de los países tenemos sustancias licitas e ilícitas, las cuales comienzan a ser conocidas desde la etapa escolar en los niños y adolescentes, por lo tanto el presente documento muestra un recorrido de la literatura, científica y académica, relacionada con el consumo de drogas o sustancias psicoactivas (CSPA) en diferentes espacios y momentos de su ciclo de vida donde podemos reflexionar sobre los elementos fisiológicos, físicos, psicosociales, conductuales y familiares los cuales se ven reflejados en su mayoría por las personas que realizan dicho consumo dando lugar a la adicción de las drogas, en gran interés el trabajo busca identificar características de aquellas personas que realizan dicha práctica mencionando a grandes rasgos que el ejercicio que aquí se desarrolla permite conceptualizar y tipificar las prácticas propias de (CSPA) en Colombia.Item Casos de intimidación escolar presentes entre los años 2014-2018, en dos instituciones de educación básica secundaria de la ciudad de Cali(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Velasco Escobar, Ana Katherine; Martínez, María del Carmen (Directora)Regarding bullying at school as a growing psycho-educational issue in Colombia, this project presents the results of an analysis made from several events, which took place at two institutions of Secondary Basic Education in the city of Cali between 2014 and 2018. Based on a qualitative research of descriptive design and of ethnographic type, it analyzes a semi-structured interview concerning the intervention of the school on this phenomenon. The sample was taken from two members of each educational institution (coordination-rector). Likewise, a review of several school files was made – school code of conduct manual and records of the school code of conduct committee – in order to determine the cases of bullying that occurred in these places from the past five years.Item Consciencia de muerte en pacientes en estado terminal; rol del Psicólogo en el área de cuidados paliativos(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Flechas Becerra, Laura Isabel; Torres, Joan Manuel (Director)The purpose of this study is to explore some of the functions that the professional has in psychology as part of the interdisciplinary palliative care team, more specifically, the intervention of patients in terminal condition aimed at promoting a state of consciousness about his own death. This research is presented under a qualitative model following a descriptive study. Additionally, it has a documentary design, which relies on sources of bibliographic and archival nature in order to search for necessary information to understand the studied phenomenon that is, in this case, the role of the psychologist in the context of palliative care, taking in consideration that the patient, become aware of his impending death, he may experience unfavorable symptoms at the psychic and emotional damage to their mental health, so it is essential to accompaniment in the acceptance of his own finitude as a natural process of life. In which case the accompaniment can be carried out from different approaches; emphasis is placed on proposal of humanistic psychology based on existentialist and phenomenological principles, according to which, one of the fundamental functions of the psychologist would be to contribute to coping of the anxiety associated with death, encouraging to take the responsibility and the increase of the creative capacities during this phase for closing unfinished business, as well as for the awareness of the body and the senses, in search of the patient's well-being for face this situation at the individual and family level.Item Consecuencias en la Salud Mental de la muerte parental y su prevalencia en niños: Una revisión sistemática de literatura(2022) Cabal Aguirre, Laura Valentina; Saucedo Victoria, Tatiana Eugenia; Jaramillo Damian, Angie Katerine; Botero Carvajal, Alejandro (Director)