Psicología
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Item Estilos de autoevaluación y rasgos de ansiedad en un grupo de estudiantes entre los 15 y 17 años de una institución educativa en la ciudad de Cali(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Ramírez Gutiérrez, Laura Daniel; Benavides Reyes, Daniel Jesús; López Santander, Rodrigo (Director)Self-evaluation as a natural and innate factor is of foremost importance insofar as it is based on positive and negative parameters, which determine the genesis or not of anxiety traits. The objective of this study was to analyze the self-evaluation of anxiety traits in a group of students between 15 and 17 years old from an educational institution in the city of Cali. For this purpose, a sample of 23 eleventh grade students were used, a mixed method with a sequential explanatory design (DEXPLIS) and a semi-structured interview and the Zung anxiety test were applied, and data were analyzed through SPSS and Atlas Ti. The results indicate that there are traits of anxiety (mild and intense) in 81.62% of the population, in addition, a high frequency of the use of negative self-evaluations was identified in relation to anxiety-generating situations, such as; tremendism and comfort, condemnation and success, etc. In conclusion, it was found that most of the negative self-evaluation styles used inappropriately generate anxious symptoms, which confirms the existence of a relationship between anxiety levels and the use of different self-evaluation styles, which in turn leads to the conclusion that the higher the indexes of negative self-evaluation, the higher the levels of anxiety present.Item Efectividad de las estrategias de terapia cognitivo conductual para la reducción de síntomas en niños con trastorno del espectro autista: una revisión de alcance(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Carabali Lozano, Manuela; Almeida Salinas, OrlandoAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by difficulties in communication and social interaction; as well as repetitive behavior patterns or activities and restrictive interests, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been shown to be effective as a treatment to reduce ASD symptoms.Item Nivel de afrontamiento de los profesionales de la salud ante la muerte de pacientes en cuidados paliativos durante la pandemia del covid 19 en el 2021.(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Vargas Rojas, Julián AndrésThe increase of patients infected by COVID-19, exposes the presence of critical states in hospital areas, as well as the high demand for palliative care services, in view of the insertion of a greater exposure to contagion and deaths of inpatients with serious diseases. For this reason, the objective of the research is to identify the level of coping of health professionals to the death of patients in palliative care during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out. The sample consisted of 24 health professionals (physicians, psychologists and nurses) belonging to the Palliative Care Association of Colombia (ASOCUPAC). The sociodemographic data survey, the Bugen Death Coping Scale and the Professional Self-Care Scale (PSCS) were applied. The results obtained in the study indicate that health professionals obtained high levels of coping with death (79%). However, it was found that 21% had little experience in palliative care (1 to 3 years), which could have an impact on their low levels of coping with death. It is concluded that it is a priority to train professionals in thanatology, bereavement and palliative care, which have an impact on the quality of care for patients at the end of life.Item Identificación de la Motivación hacia el Aprendizaje, Estado del Ánimo, Intimidación y Adicciones en Estudiantes Adolescentes de una IE Vulnerable del Municipio de Santiago de Cali(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Muñoz, Josselin; Sánchez, Jhenifer; Santana, KeisyAdolescence is a decisive period in which there are continuous biological, behavioral and social changes, these can function both as growth and as obstacles to development in subsequent years. For this reason, this study aimed to describe the psychological characteristics and needs of adolescents in school. To do this, four instruments were used, which provided a broader perspective regarding motivation towards learning, depressed mood, behavior and intimidation problems, and addiction problems. The population consisted of 400 students from 6th to 9th grade from the Manuela Beltrán educational institution located in commune 14 of the city of Santiago de Cali, a sample of 100 students aged 10 to 17 years who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. This research was carried out from a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, non-experimental study. The results showed that there is greater demotivation towards learning, with women being the most representative group with 29%, depression is established in 4% of the population, with 3% it is identified that it is greater in ages between 13 and 15 The female population is the one most affected with 3% and 9% have high alcohol consumption, especially in the case of women between 10 and 15 years of age. It is concluded that it is necessary to monitor the cases detected in order to provide them with psychological treatments so that they can improve their quality of life.Item Estrés percibido en víctimas de la violencia en el marco del conflicto armado en adultos mayores de toribio cauca en el periodo(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Muñoz Lemos, Jorge Luis; Sepúlveda Mamián, Nathalia VanessaItem Efectividad de la terapia de juego y educación física en la inteligencia emocional en niños y adolescentes: una revisión sistemática de literatura(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Torres Cobo, Luis Fernando; Benítez Hurtado, Lina María; Banguero Uzuriaga, Jessica LorenaItem Beneficios del triptófano, vitamina D3, complejo B y MgCl2 para la disminución de síntomas depresivos en adultos: Revisión exploratoria de literatura(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Giraldo, Hector Eduardo; Murgueitio Jácome, Stephanie; Ruiz Rivera, Luz KarinaBackground: Depression affects more than 300 million people with negative consequences on their work, school and family activities. Between 60% and 65% of people who need care for depression do not receive it in Latin America and the Caribbean. Objective: To identify the effects of tryptophan, vitamin D3, B complex and MgCl2 in the reduction of depressive episodes in adults. Method: exploratory literature review until April 14, 2021, with the key terms: "tryptophan", "magnesium chloride", "vitamin D3", "complex b", "depression", "adult" using Boolean operators in the electronic databases: Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed/Medline, ScienceDirect. Results: 6 articles included in the qualitative synthesis. Regarding reduction of depressive symptoms: b-complex did not show effectiveness; vitamin D3 was inconclusive; tryptophan and magnesium chloride were effective. Conclusions: Tryptophan and magnesium chloride intake is beneficial in decreasing depressive symptoms. A systematic review and further meta-analysis is suggested because methodological and clinical homogeneity was found. Psychological therapy can incorporate as a complement the use of tryptophan and magnesium chloride for the reduction of depressive symptoms in adults.Item Efectividad de las intervenciones psicosociales sobre calidad de vida en cuidadores de pacientes con parálisis cerebral espástica: revisión sistemática de literatura(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Ramírez Hernández, Erika JohanaItem Estudio transversal en estudiantes de psicología sobre rendimiento académico y factores relacionados(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Henao,Diana CarolinaItem Actitudes de los estudiantes de los grados décimo y once frente al rol del psicólogo en dos Instituciones Educativas del municipio de Istmina-Chocó en el año 2022(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Martínez Velásquez, Angie CarolinaItem Impacto en la dinamica familiar por cuidado de paciente con trastorno bipolar: revision exploratoria de literatura(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Mosquera Gomez, Anyi Tatiana; Perengüez Bravo, Francy LorenaIntroduction: This paper is a documentary research that addresses the issue of bipolar disorder as a variable that influences the family environment, so that the main objective of this work is to investigate the influence of caring for a patient with bipolar disorder on their family dynamics, understanding that people diagnosed with BD have altered mood regulation mechanisms; likewise, taking systems theory as one of the theoretical bases, it can be seen that within the first system to which one is a part, which is the family, any situation that affects one could affect the others. Methodology: For its development, an exploratory review of scientific literature is carried out, being the qualities required for its eligibility: that it be a scientific investigation, that it is about the impact on the family of caring for a member with bipolar disorder, and that it has been published in the locatable databases in PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Springer and Google Scholar. Use of the PRISMA flow chart for the selection of articles. Results: 16 selected articles from 214 found. It was found that the impact on the family caused by caring for one of its members with bipolar disorder can be grouped into six categories: Stress and depression; Communication and family stability; Emotions; Overload; Health status and; Economic and labor reasons. Although all categories are closely related to each other. Discussion: Caring for the patient with bipolar disorder impacts the family especially in a negative way. There are factors that can be aggravating or mitigating the impact, such as economic stability, the role of the patient in the family, communication and support between caregivers, the age of the caregiver, the resilience of each caregiver, among others. The most frequent consequence is overload, which in turn causes stress and depression in family members, especially the main caregiver.Item El papel del autoconcepto en los trastornos de la conducta Alimentaria en mujeres: una revisión de literatura.(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Cabezas Guerrero, Anfernee; Mora Jiménez, Abraham (Director)Item Estilos de crianza y rasgos del desorden de la conducta alimentaria en diez adolescentes de 15 a 17 años de la ciudad de cali en la institución educativa santo tomas sede casd del año 2020.(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Uribe Saldarriaga, Angie Liced; Velásquez Cárdenas, VerónicaThis research gives an account of the parenting styles and features of eating disorder in ten adolescents aged 15 to 17 years from the city of Cali at the Santo Tomas Educational Institution, CASD headquarters in 2020. The objective of this research is to analyze parenting styles versus eating behavior disorder traits in adolescents aged 15 to 17 years from the city of Cali at the Santo Tomas Educational Institution, CASD headquarters in 2020. This study follows a qualitative typology, descriptive method and design case study, in this sense, a structured interview was conducted that allowed us to define the study categories, with a sample of ten people. According to the above, results such as; Dysfunctional parenting styles influence the onset of eating disorders in an indirect way. Students who perceive their parents with a democratic parenting style do not present risky eating behaviors. Eating disorders are more prevalent in women than in men. Most of the adolescents (6 students) from 15 to 17 years of age at the Santo Tomas educational institution, CASD headquarters, consider the physical aspect to be decisive for feeling valuable, since this generates self-confidence, increases self-esteem and they feel good about themselves. Not paying attention to food, the type of food consumed, or having established schedules are an influencing factor in risky eating behaviors. The greater the family and emotional support, the less likely it is to develop an eating disorder.Item Salud Mental de los Sobrevivientes de la Avenida Torrencial Ocurrida el 31 de marzo de 2017 en el Municipio de Mocoa; Dos Años Después del Desastre(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Jurado Salas, Mayra JuliethItem El salario emocional como satisfacción laboral, en millennials: Una revisión exploratoria de ensayos clínicos(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Legarda Bahos, Leidy VivianaJob satisfaction stimulates healthy job-environment in organizations; it increases motivation and performance levels. It is important to revise how companies can implement tools and projects in order to have satisfied employees, one of these tools is the emotional salary, and it is made by reviewing investigative advances in the Millennials generation. The objective of this exploratory review of clinical essays is to understand how emotional remuneration intervenes in job satisfaction. Methodology: Making an exploratory revision of literature articles to identify vital information based on databases such as Dialnet, Doaj and Science Direct concerning the factors that can create job satisfaction in the Millennials generation. This revision was based on the SPIDER’s protocol to identify the search strategy and the selection of articles. Results: It is found that there is a correlation between emotional salary, job satisfaction and the Millennials generation, they are all connected, and one is caused by the other. An emotional wage is a tool that helps have satisfied employees without significatively spending on it or 2 affecting the company funds and, on the contrary, increasing employees’ performance level and their sense of belonging.Item La flexibilidad curricular en los programas de psicología: un estudio comparativo entre la universidad colombiana y la latinoamericana(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Molina Rosero, Karen VivianaThe Colombian university currently responds to a series of dynamics and parameters such as those established by the accreditation system for higher education, which seek to define and standardize the planning and execution of multiple administrative and academic aspects, including curricular flexibility. The purpose of this study is to explore the way in which curricular flexibility is presented and distributed among different professional training programs in the area of psychology in Colombian and Latin American universities based on a specific indicator: the curricular flexibility index, this in order to compare the behavior of the local university compared to the Latin American university in relation to the aforementioned aspect. For this, a mixed investigation with a descriptive scope is proposed, which proposes to collect and analyze numerical and statistical data regarding the phenomenon of interest; More specifically, the curricular flexibility index is established between two samples of psychological professional training programs whose main inclusion criteria consisted of having High Quality Accreditation, being taught in face-to-face mode, and offered for ten semesters in the case of the sample of Colombian programs, and, to be included in the QS ranking, be dictated in person and have a duration ranging from 8 to 10 semesters in the case of the sample of Latin American programs. It was found that, in terms of the evaluation carried out according to the curricular flexibility index, the Colombian academy appears as less flexible compared to the Latin American one. Likewise, and already at the local level, it was found that, according to the same index, the psychology curriculum of the Santiago de Cali University is below the national average in terms of its curricular flexibility.Item Estilos de autoevaluación y rasgos de ansiedad en un grupo de estudiantes entre los 15 y 17 años de una institución educativa en la ciudad de cali.(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Ramírez Gutiérrez, Laura Daniela; Benavides Reyes, Daniel Jesús; López Santander, RodrigoSelf-evaluation as a natural and innate factor is of foremost importance insofar as it is based on positive and negative parameters, which determine the genesis or not of anxiety traits. The objective of this study was to analyze the self-evaluation of anxiety traits in a group of students between 15 and 17 years old from an educational institution in the city of Cali. For this purpose, a sample of 23 eleventh grade students were used, a mixed method with a sequential explanatory design (DEXPLIS) and a semi-structured interview and the Zung anxiety test were applied, and data were analyzed through SPSS and Atlas Ti. The results indicate that there are traits of anxiety (mild and intense) in 81.62% of the population, in addition, a high frequency of the use of negative self-evaluations was identified in relation to anxiety-generating situations, such as; tremendism and comfort, condemnation and success, etc. In conclusion, it was found that most of the negative self-evaluation styles used inappropriately generate anxious symptoms, which confirms the existence of a relationship between anxiety levels and the use of different self-evaluation styles, which in turn leads to the conclusion that the higher the indexes of negative self-evaluation, the higher the levels of anxiety present.Item “Ansiedad y depresión en estudiantes embarazadas de la facultad de salud durante la pandemia por covid-19, 2021”(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Criollo Hurtado Valeria; Giraldo Medina Luis Carlos; López Peláez, JessicaThe mental health of pregnant women and perinatal disorders are a focus of attention and importance for public and mental health worldwide, especially during the pandemic. The aim of this research is to identify the levels of anxiety and depression in pregnant women of the health faculty of the Universidad Santiago de Cali during the covid-19 pandemic, 2021. Methodology: the sample consisted of 5 participants with an age range of 22 to 30 years, enrolled in the careers of psychology, respiratory therapy, surgical instrumentation, speech therapy and nursing. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and the Trait-State Anxiety Inventory (IDARE) were used as instruments; a sociodemographic questionnaire was also used to collect personal, health and obstetric information from the participants. The results showed that 100% of the pregnant women had medium-high levels of anxiety and 40% had mild to moderate symptoms of depression. The prevalence of anxiety is noteworthy, in addition to the fact that a possible risk factor related to the development and maintenance of these disorders is medical illness during pregnancy. Therefore, the 40% who presented medical illnesses had the highest levels of both anxiety and depression. In conclusion, the promotion and prevention of mental health in pregnant women is an issue that cannot go unnoticed because it can be affected by disorders such as anxiety which is also a perinatal disorder that in this study was presented with a high level of 100% prevalence compared to depression 40%. Therefore, effective care and intervention strategies should be implemented for the prevention, containment and regulation of this type of disorders during pregnancyItem Características De Daños Psicológicos En Mujeres Víctimas De Violencia Intrafamiliar(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Valenzuela Angulo, Angie Rocio; Muñoz Cuartas, LeopoldoGender violence causes psychological damage to women who are victims of their partners, causing emotional effects and the impossibility of coping with said situation. Understanding this phenomenon of domestic violence is a challenge for this research, it is Therefore, the objective of this exploratory review of clinical trials is to help us learn more about the topic. Methodology: Exploratory literature review to compare all relevant literature in Science Direct, academic report and Taylor & Francis, referring to characteristics of psychological damage in women victims of gender violence. The SPIDER protocol was used for the search strategy and selection of articles. Results: the factors associated with gender violence are: psychological damage, emotional or affective dependence, alcohol and drug consumption, personality of the abused woman and types of violence. Discussion: The reviewed documents made it possible to make visible a topic that moves and is immersed in everyday life, not as something intangible, but as a phenomenon that has regulated and in many cases has constituted the lives of women, who since childhood have been exposed to situations to which they remain tied for yearsItem ““Sentirse bien con uno mismo” imaginarios sociales sobre la “salud mental” en adolescentes de la ciudad de Cali-Colombia en el año 2021.”(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Diaz Gonzalez Valentina; Conrado Zorrilla Isabella; Mora Villarraga Sofía Alejandra; Bolaños, Diego FernandoObjective Understand the social imaginaries about Mental Health in adolescents in the city of CaliColombia. Method A qualitative research framed in the clinical-oriented “intervention-research” was carried out with which it was sought that the participants achieved subjective elaborations on the object studied. For this, the heuristic method (remember-repeat elaborate) was used. Ten (10) adolescents from socioeconomic strata of the city of Cali-Colombia were selected for convenience in order to show differences in relation to social imaginary about mental health in regard to the respective sociocultural context. Semi-structured interviews were conducted (two -2- per participant). The stories obtained were analyzed discursively, following the principles of psychoanalytic theory. Given what they said, an attitude of suspicion was assumed, also applying psychoanalytic listening. As for the analysis, this was carried out manually (creating tables by categories and by subjects) with the use of Word tools. With this strategy, it was possible to take the main ideas that were read from the perspective of signifiers. The subjects were presented, for their voluntary reading and completion, informed consents / assents and, in the case of minors, parental consent. Results Participating subjects (of both sexes) were between 13 and 18 years old. A variety of results were evidenced aimed at the subjective perspectives of adolescents in relation to mental health, it was also found that some of the subjects have attended psychological consultation, although not all have done so voluntarily and that, in almost the totality of the subjects, the subject of mental health is not one of daily treatment. Conclusion There are similarities in the mental health imaginary that the Cali adolescents participating in this research have, for some it is “feeling good about oneself” for others “not having problems”, likewise, it was found that social, cultural and family contexts influence directly in the perceptions and opinions they have about Mental Health, either supporting the constitution of said social imaginaries or differing from them.