Especialización en Sistemas de Información Geográfica

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Accesibilidad espacial desde los barrios a las Instituciones Educativas Oficiales del distrito de Buenaventura
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023-11-02) Guerrero Leudo, Andres Felipe; Orozco Ordoñez, Iván
This study addresses accessibility to public educational institutions in Buenaventura, Colombia, using four measurement methods. Despite the importance of education as a fundamental right, challenges are identified in terms of its accessibility in this region, marked by the Afro-descendant and indigenous population and high levels of poverty. Accessibility is assessed using isochronous, Hansen, Hansen population-adjusted indicators and Integral Route Factor. The results reveal that the majority of the population lives in areas with a regular road network, which facilitates accessibility to official educational institutions. However, there is a disparity in accessibility, with the central neighborhoods being the most accessible and the peripheral neighborhoods and in the western area the least accessible due to the lack of nearby educational centers. In addition, areas with different levels of mobility to official educational institutions are identified. The analysis also shows relationships between accessibility indicators, such as the correlation between Hansen and Hansen adjusted for population. However, no significant association was found between Hansen and the Integral Route Factor. This study offers valuable considerations and conclusions to guide policies that promote equality and access to education in Buenaventura. The quality of the road infrastructure is highlighted as a key factor in accessibility, and it is emphasized that a high accessibility index does not guarantee quick access to educational centers if the necessary services are not offered.
Análisis de cambios de coberturas en dos áreas de compensación forestal ubicadas en los municipios de la Cumbre y Dagua en el departamento del Valle del Cauca durante los años 2013, 2014 y 2020
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Pérez Durán, Igor Ephanor; Melo Vargas, Andrés Felipe
Coverage layers were generated on two lands in forest compensation called Villa María in the municipality of Dagua and also the Santa Fe estate in the municipality of La Cumbre, department of Valle del Cauca - Colombia. Coverages were generated for March 2020 (both properties), for December 2013 (Villa María) and August 2014 (Santa Fe) applying a supervised classification and implementing the Corine land cover classification legend adjusted for Colombia (CLC Colombia). In addition to updating coverage to 2020, a comparison was made with the periods 2013 and 2014, which were the initial years of the beginning of these compensations, and through this comparison the increase or decrease in coverage generated by the implementation of the compensation measure focused mainly on a forest restoration strategy. It could be determined that during the multitemporal analysis period (6-7 years) Increases in grassland coverings occurred mainly in exchange for a decrease in grassland-type coverings. However, there were increases in unwanted coverage in the processes of plant succession as the case of increased fern coverage, while for some sectors there was a decrease in tree cover. In this way, 50% of the areas developed positive changes that contribute positively to achieving more advanced successional states, but between 40% and 43% present a stagnation or deterioration in the desired process of plant succession, so it is recommended to implement measures to eradicate unwanted cover (mainly fern), planting of pioneer species and high-density afforestation in sectors with low changes in cover.
Análisis de conectividad espacial entre las áreas protegidas del sistema nacional de áreas protegidas SINAP de una región del sistema Kárstico en el flanco oriental de la Cordillera Central en el Magdalena Medio Colombiano
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Sánchez Toro, Elizabeth Cristina; Melo Vargas, Andrés Felipe
Protected areas in Colombia represent a strategic component for the maintenance of ecosystem services, therefore it is necessary to maintain dispersion, movement and genetic flow between natural areas, with the goal of guaranteeing the permanence over time of the essential natural resources for the permanence of life on earth. Consequently, the present study aims to establish the status of the connectivity of the natural áreas of the Karstic system located on the easterm flank of the Magdalena Medio Colombiano, base don estimates using the “Conefor” and ArcGis 10.2. programs. This analysis shows that protected áreas with different conservation figures are crucial to maintain conectivity between natural áreas by establishing the least cost route for dispersal, movement and genetic flow of species in general.
Análisis de correlación entre los incrementos de valor m2 dados por la dinámica inmobiliaria y los incrementos establecidos por el conpes del año 2020 al 2023 en la comuna 17 de Santiago de Cali.
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024-08-16) Ramírez, Diana Maritza; Tovar, Lina María; Escalante Caicedo, Ana Bely
The cadastre in our country has maintained a purely fiscal focus and does not fully meet expectations as a fundamental input for better planning and territorial management. Updating the Property Valuation Index will allow for the evaluation of the percentage appreciation of urban residential properties and make adjustments for cadastral appraisals, knowing that the Property Valuation Index is the annual reference of the National Council for Economic Policy (CONPES) for the increase of cadastral appraisals. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the dynamics of the real estate market by comparing the values established by regulation with the real estate supply. Using the information provided by the real estate observatory of the cadastre sub-directorate, the study analyzed Commune 17 of the city of Santiago de Cali in the Valle del Cauca department (Colombia) from 2020 to 2023. This included a descriptive and spatial analysis of the real estate dynamics, highlighting hot spots, local G analysis, interpolation, and predictive simple kriging (QGIS). This analysis revealed significant variations in the square meter value of real estate offerings compared to those established by CONPES.
Análisis de factibilidad para la localización de las centrales eléctricas con las energías renovables eólica y/o solar en el Valle del Cauca
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024-04-26) Lemos Garcia, Natalia; Rojas Carvajal, Sharon Andrea; Escalante Caicedo, Ana Bely
This study focuses on conducting a feasibility analysis to determine the suitable location for solar and wind power plants in the Valle del Cauca region. The methodology employed integrated Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Multicriteria Analysis, highlighting the importance of weighting critical variables in the process of identifying optimal locations. The methodology involved defining and weighting specific selection and restriction criteria for each type of power plant. The application of map algebra facilitated the identification of ideal zones for the installation of power plants utilizing solar or wind resources, establishing a threshold of equal to or greater than 0.9 to determine optimal areas. This approach revealed that the ideal areas for solar power plants are in the north-central region of the department. Additionally, it was identified that the Valle del Cauca lacks the necessary conditions for the installation of large-scale wind farms. This study underscores the viability of harnessing renewable sources, particularly solar energy, in identified specific areas. However, it highlights the challenges and limitations associated with optimal location for large-scale wind farms in the region, emphasizing the need to consider both the energy generation potential and the geographic restrictions and infrastructure criteria when planning renewable energy projects in the Valle del Cauca.
Análisis de la distribución espacial de los datos de ocurrencia de Movimientos en Masa en Santiago de Cali, caso Comuna 20, en el periodo 2019 a 2021.
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023-02-21) Ramírez Calderón, Luis Andeimer; Rojas Montes, Javier Salvador
The Analysis of the spatial distribution of the data on the occurrence of Mass Movements makes it possible to identify their distribution through the application of spatial statistical tools for the analysis of patterns. The materialization of the phenomenon brings with it different social, physical and economic problems. Therefore, this article aims to make visible from a geographical perspective the occurrence of the phenomenon through the identification of the spatial distribution with the data provided by the Secretariat of Emergency and Disaster Risk Management of Santiago de Cali between the years 2019 to 2021. , case of Commune 20. With the data shared by the institution, a spatial analysis was carried out: autocorrelation and spatial patterns, in contrast to the zoning of threat and risk mitigable by mass movements of the official information of the current Land Management Plan. Spatial autocorrelation makes it possible to determine the degree of association (influence) that a geographic phenomenon presents between the defined analysis units, considering its vicinity and explaining the behavior and distribution of the phenomenon within the geographic framework. The results obtained with the application of spatial autocorrelation techniques allow the identification of a conformed spatial structure. This article is an important input for decision-making in relation to prevention and risk reduction actions.
Análisis del cambio de la cobertura del suelo debido a la ampliación de la vía 3G Briceño – Tunja – Sogamoso
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024-08-10) González Sánchez, Daniel Fernando; Arias Molina, Johannes; Escalante Caicedo, Ana Bely
Road structures play a fundamental role since they are responsible for connecting different areas of the country. Therefore, their demand has increased in Colombia in recent years, allowing the population to move more efficiently and transport raw materials to places that were difficult in the past. One of the most important roads is the Briceño – Tunja – Sogamoso (BTS) road corridor as it is considered essential for the economic and social progress of the region, having a significant impact on local ecosystems, surface and land use. This study sought to identify and quantify changes in land use before and after the expansion of the BTS road using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tools. To achieve this objective, a series of steps were carried out, such as extracting the Landsat 5 and 8 satellite images through which the Normalized Vegetation Index (NDVI) was calculated in addition to classifying the various land covers in the area. . study. The results obtained through coverage zoning, quantification of areas of influence and analysis of environmental and anthropic conditions indicate that the expansion of the agricultural frontier has had a negative impact on the forests within the area of influence in the region. Likewise, using the National Geostatistical Framework, an increase will be observed in the population centers within the area surrounding the BTS road corridor and also in the population of the municipalities in the area of influence of the project. This territorial development was reflected in the economic progress of the Cundiboyacense region where the agricultural, construction and provision of public services sectors had an increase in their share of the GDP of the department of Boyacá, while in Cundinamarca, the sectors of construction, provision of public services and commerce, repair, transportation and accommodation had an increase in their participation in the GDP of that department.
Análisis geoespacial de los cambios de cobertura y de la contaminación generados por actividades mineras en la microcuenca del río Teta, municipio de Buenos Aires, Cauca
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024-08-10) Delgado, Clara Isabel; Ibarra, Dayan Lizeth; Escalante Caicedo, Ana Bely
On the banks of the Teta River in the municipality of Buenos Aires, department of Cauca, alluvial gold mining activities are carried out, often using mercury (Hg) in an excessive manner, generating hazardous waste, which is dumped into the river without any control. This practice and other anthropic activities lead to significant alteration and contamination of water bodies, biota, and the health of the human population that is directly related to the mining activity, as well as the inhabitants of the area. The objective of this study was to analyze through the application of GIS and remote sensing tools the spatio-temporal variation of land cover as a result of the impacts generated by contamination from gold mining and other human activities in the Teta River micro-watershed. For this purpose, a bitemporal (Jimenez-Moreno et al 2011) analysis was performed using Landsat satellite images from 1989 and 2019, and by using different geoprocessing tools, a supervised classification of the river was performed in a buffer of 100 meters on each side, according to the water protection strip. In addition, in a complementary manner and in order to carry out a greater analysis, the 2019 LULC land use and land cover layer provided by the ESRI platform was used, which is based on Sentinel 2 images, which allows for greater detail compared to other sources. This was compared with the supervised classification using the Kappa index. Likewise, it was related to data obtained in the field in 2019 at 5 points of the Teta river, on Hg concentrations in water and sediments, physicochemical parameters and macroinvertebrate sampling to determine the biological quality of the water using the BMWP/Col index. The spatial behavior of Hg concentrations along the altitudinal gradient was evaluated, as well as the variation of the biological and physicochemical quality of the water body and its relationship with the activities developed in the microbasin. The results showed a development and growth of gold mining activities in the river between 1989 and 2019, showing considerable loss of vegetation and forest cover on the riverbanks, and alteration of river morphology. Regarding river contamination, there was a trend of increasing metal concentrations in sediments in relation to the morphology of the river, being higher in areas of low water currents or backwaters, highlighting station E3. On the other hand, at station E4, where there are no mining activities, there is a decrease in these values. Regarding the biological quality of the river, a negative impact of contamination by organic load was evidenced downstream, although mining activities are not the major source of generation of these discharges, but housing and agricultural activities developed in the micro-watershed are, as in station E4, where there are extensive sugar cane crops, which provides a significant contribution of organic load. In addition, the contamination index (ICO) and water quality index (ICA) reflect the degradation and disturbance of the water body due to anthropic activities developed in the area of incidence.
Análisis multitemporal automatizado de zonas de bosque y no bosque sobre las cuencas hidrográficas de la región del Catatumbo,Norte de Santander
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Tabares Mosquera, Mauricio; González Velandia, Francy Juliana; Giraldo Restrepo, Juan Carlos
Geographic information systems and remote sensing are frequently used as support in land planning, field work and the study ofchanges over the surface of the Earth. The method of calculating and classifying spectral indices is widely used to characterize large areas in a specific time period, allowing trends to be identified and changes in land use and cover to be monitored. This study analyzed the vegetation and the phenomenon of land conversion in four hydrographic basins of the Catatumbo region, Norte de Santander, Colombia, using SENTINEL-2 images captured in the years 2019 and 2022, which, after undergoing corrections, were used to calculate and compare NDVI and SAVI spectral indices. In this process, a Python language script was programmed to develop an ArcToolbox geoprocessing tool. With this tool, two scenarios were evaluated to estimate the influence of the expansion of the agricultural frontier and the urban centers of the study area. During the study period, while forest cover was reduced by 334 km2, grasses and shrubs grew by 260 km2, evidence of land conversion in this area with a significant presence of oil palm cultivation, illicit crops, and livestock activity. The validation stage showed an accuracy of 84% for the land cover generated by the model compared to the official land cover layer of Colombia Corine Land Cover
Análisis multitemporal del cambio de cobertura vegetal debido a la explotación de carbón a cielo abierto en la mina El Cerrejón, ubicada en el departamento de La Guajira, Colombia, durante el período comprendido entre 1986 y 2023.
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023-09-13) Arango Cifuentes, Andres Mauricio; Orozco Ordoñez, Iván
The open-pit coal mining in the La Guajira department has experienced significant growth in the last four decades, raising questions about the extent and consequences of vegetation loss in the region. The aim of this study is to conduct a multitemporal analysis of changes in vegetation cover in the El Cerrejón coal mines and surrounding areas from 1985 to 2023. By utilizing geospatial analysis techniques in the open-source software QGIS and satellite imagery from Landsat and Sentinel remote sensors, subsequently processed with the Semi-Automatic Classification Plugin (SCP), graphical outputs were obtained to quantify and evaluate historical changes in the study area, as well as understand the spatial and temporal behaviors of observed changes. This multitemporal analysis provides a deeper insight into the magnitude and dynamics of changes in vegetation cover due to mining exploitation. The results of this analysis are expected to contribute to a better understanding of the environmental impacts of extractive activities in the La Guajira department, providing essential information for environmental management decision-making. Likewise, it is anticipated that this study will serve as a scientific basis for the implementation of mitigation and ecological restoration strategies in areas affected by vegetation loss.
Análisis Multitemporal del Cambio en la Formación de Islas de Calor Urbano para el Municipio de Jamundí en el Valle Del Cauca Periodo (2015 – 2023)
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024-08-10) Rojas Restrepo, Juan David; Escalante Caicedo, Ana Bely
The Municipality of Jamundí has experienced rapid urban growth in recent years, which has led to an increase in the formation of Urban Heat Islands (UHI) in areas with higher temperatures. However, the lack of understanding of the distribution of UHIs and their relationship with various factors hinders urban planning and affects the quality of life of the inhabitants. This study aims to analyze the spatial distribution of UHIs through a multi-temporal analysis, with an emphasis on their influence on the new urban lands defined by the local government. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), detailed maps of Land Surface Temperature (LST) were created, highlighting areas susceptible to the formation of Heat Islands. The study evaluated how changes in land use, coverage changes, and urban densification influence local temperatures. The analysis begins with the collection of data, including Landsat and Sentinel satellite images, ensuring the quality and relevance of the data for subsequent analyses. The creation of thematic maps uses free GIS software (QGIS) to visualize and analyze urban temperature variations, determining brightness temperatures, surface temperatures, and NDVI. The multi-temporal analysis of the municipality of Jamundí between 2015 and 2023 reveals a significant increase in the formation of Urban Heat Islands (UHI). In 2015, 90.98% of the study area was classified as "Weak." By 2023, this category decreased to 78.64%, while the "Moderately Weak" and "Moderately Strong" categories increased, reflecting the expansion of UHIs due to urban growth and vegetation reduction, as evidenced in the NDVI maps. The peripheral areas, initially with a high percentage of vegetation and lower temperatures, showed an increase in UHIs as urbanization progressed, especially in the northern and southeastern peripheral zones in 2023. Although the "Weak" areas remained relatively stable between 2019 and 2023, the "Moderate" and "Moderately Strong" categories experienced a significant increase, suggesting a growing trend towards higher temperatures in urbanized areas, with important implications for future urban planning and environmental management.
Analizar el comportamiento del insecto Dalbulus maidis, vector del complejo del achaparramiento del maíz, mediante el uso de herramientas de SIG en Roldanillo, Valle del Cauca.
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024-05-31) Nieto Valencia, Andrés Fabricio; Escalante Caicedo, Ana Bely
The maize crop in Colombia is currently on alert due to the constant increase in the populations of the insect Dalbulus maidis and the transmission of the disease of the "stunting complex" in the different regions of the country with reductions of up to 90% in yields. One of the main activities for decision-making in the health of a crop is the monitoring of pests and diseases.In this study, this insect was monitored through weekly monitoring in both study plots from its planting date until approximately 40 days after planting with a modification in the monitoring methodology suggested in the "Dalbulus maidis Management Manual". In both cases, a slight increase in insect populations was observed from the first to the last evaluation, although always below the action threshold (0.7 insects per plant), which suggests that the environmental conditions of the evaluated period and the agronomic management of farmers in the area positively influenced management and control. In addition, some meteorological variables were statistically analyzed through a trail analysis those that can influence the incidence of the insect, of which two of them stood out (Vapor pressure deficit and relative humidity) with a positive correlation with the threshold of action of Dalbulus maidis.
Aplicación de herramientas SIG en la evaluación de la cobertura de AICAs bajo criterios bioclimáticos: caso Thraupidae
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024-08-10) Castillo Bautista, Mónica Patricia; Cabezas Alzate, Diego Fernando
The use of geographic information systems - GIS tools facilitate the development of biogeographic studies and are useful in planning and decision making regarding the conservation of biodiversity. Critical areas for this are the important bird areas - IBAs that are constituted based on different ecological and geographical criteria. The bird family Thraupidae is the second with the most bird species, with exclusive distribution in the neotropics, however, about 20% of its species are with some category of extinction threat.. Bioclimatic specialization is a criterion that can be used in the planning of conservation areas since it allows the detection of geographic zones with a large number of specialist species that could be more sensitive to current climate change. In this work, the concentration of Thraupidae species that show biotic specialization and the percentage of their area within the existing IBAs is evaluated using GIS tools. The study area was taken at a continental scale between coordinates 30ºW to 119ºW and 30ºN to 60ºS, using the WGS-84 reference system. The biome map was georeferenced from an image, using a third-degree polynomial transformation and then digitized manually. A grid was then generated to intersect with the species distribution to determine the species concentration. The criteria to bioclimatic characterization of the species were that the species occupied at least 15% of the area of a biome and/or at least 50% of the area of a biome was occupied by the species. It was found that Thraupidae species are mostly found in the rainforest and tropical dry forest biomes, where the greatest number of biome specialist species are also found. The region with the highest concentration of specialist species are in the cerrado brasileño, the upper Amazon River basin and the Galapagos Islands. The use of GIS tools together with the evaluation of criteria such as bioclimatic ecological specialization and threat categories allowed the identification of relevant geographic areas for the conservation of the Thraupidae family, establishing a comparison between the range of distribution of specialist and threatened species of the family and the areas covered by the IBAs, showing a low representation of IBAs in the cerrado brasileño, which is proposed as an area of special attention for the planning of areas of interest for the conservation of birds.
Aplicación de los SIG en el análisis multitemporal de cambios en la cobertura vegetal en la vereda las Guacas del municipio de Popayán en los años 2001, 2009 y 2019.
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023-03-06) Fernández Noguera, Edwin Nayi; Rojas Montes, Javier Salvador
Modern society has generated environmental damage due to the overexploitation of natural resources, as evidenced by natural phenomena such as climate change on the planet. However, one of the main causes is the deforestation of forests and industrial activities in ecosystems that are fundamental for the survival of life, in this case, the activities are intensely observed in poor countries such as Asia, Africa and South America in the Amazon. As mentioned, the extractivist economic model has a negative impact on natural environments, for this reason, this research performs a multitemporal analysis with ArcGIS and Qgis software with which Landsat satellite images will be processed to structure the supervised classification for the years 2001, 2009 and 2019, thus, identifying the types and changes of coverage in the village of Las Guacas in the municipality of Popayán, but also, trying to determine the effects they cause in the middle basin of the Las Piedras River, which supplies the municipality of Popayán. With the results, it is intended to demonstrate the modifications in the study area, both positive and negative in the different forests, crops and the impacts that have been generated over time
Contribución para el conocimiento del escenario de riego mediante el análisis multitemporal de imágenes satelitales del río Cauca en el sector de Villa Paz, municipio de Jamundí
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Guevara Garcés,Angie Vanessa; Melo Vargas, Andrés Felipe
The Cauca River is characterized by being sinuous and alluvial, which implies a great mobility of its channel; The sinuosity of a channel is the mechanism by which a river adjusts its slope when the valley through which it flows is greater than necessary, during its floods they favor the occurrence of floods of the lands used for socioeconomic activities and established villages that are in the banks of the river causing damage to the territory. (López JD, 2011) A contribution was made to the identification of risk setting, risk analysis and evaluation in the village of Villa Paz, and contributed to the Risk Awareness process that feeds the risk reduction and risk reduction processes. Disaster management, a research work is presented, the general objective of which was to analyze the dynamics of the Cauca River in the village of Villa Paz, Jamundí municipality, through the multitemporal observation of satellite images to identify risk setting. To do this, using current remote sensing techniques incorporated into geographic information systems, thematic maps were created with information from NASA satellite images and aerial photographs from the United States Geological Survey USGS; from sensors such as Modis, Globe and Landsat, obtained through the Google Earth Pro platform, and an analysis of the dynamics of the Cauca River was carried out in different periods of time, measuring the ranges and rates of annual displacement of its banks, and Establishing the movement vectors for the displacement of the riverbed, an analysis was also carried out on the threat of flooding in the study area. The results obtained in this work open very positive perspectives for the application of remote sensing in the orientation of strategies for risk monitoring and in the processes of formulating, executing, monitoring and evaluating risk management
Determinación de áreas de afectación por presencia humana, en los sitios de importancia para las aves playeras en el Delta del Rio Iscuandé y PNN Sanquianga del departamento de Nariño - Colombia.
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024-04-26) Cuervo Ferrin, Cindy Marcela; Escalante Caicedo, Ana Bely
The Pacific coast of Nariño, Colombia, is a region with a high biodiversity potential, in which two important areas have been identified for the conservation of shorebirds. Highlighting the Bocana del Río Iscuandé as the first site of regional importance for the Hemispheric Network, has an area of 12712 ha in the information extracted by the ArcGis and is used by more than 50,000 shorebirds a year, hosting to date 22 different species, including the plover piquigrueso (Charadrius wilsonia) and the western sandpiper (Calidris mauri). Sanquianga National Natural Park covers approximately 53% of the mangroves in the department of Nariño and 20% of the mangroves in the Colombian Pacific, making it a highly productive and biodiverse ecosystem. This park covers an area of 80,000 hectares and is a site of international importance for WHSRN (Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network). In addition to this, it should be noted that within each of these areas, there are specific feeding and resting sites for shorebirds, which were taken into account for these analyses. Human disturbance of natural areas causes, to a large extent, the loss of habitat and the birds' stay in the area. On the other hand, airstrips allow us to evaluate the accessibility of the sites for tourists, since they offer a direct and convenient way to access remote and difficult to reach areas. In addition, the beaches variable allows us to identify how accessible the beaches are for the people who live in the area. To understand the magnitude of the effect of human disturbance on shorebird concentration sites, a geographic perspective was used to analyze the level of disturbance to the sites. Two components of disturbance were selected: connectivity (airstrips) and tourism supply (beaches and population centers). Once these components were defined, spatial analyses were carried out to evaluate the proximity of the variables as a measure of influence. Finally, the areas affected by the sites in relation to each variable were determined. The spatial analyses consisted of using areas of influence of different radii to evaluate the proximity of the variables to the sites, defining proximity as the largest radius of incidence. This was carried out using ArcGIS Pro software and the Buffer and Selection by Location tools. This analysis provides valuable information for future decision making in terms of conservation of natural areas. Ultimately, this article shows the usefulness of GIS as an effective decision-making tool.
Diseño e implementación de aplicación web mapping para la visualización de la información del arbolado urbano de la ciudad de Cali caso de estudio Comuna 17
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Rosero Valencia, Luisa María; Melo Vargas, Andrés Felipe
The main objective of this work is to develop a web mapping application that allows the consultation of information about the trees in the 17 township of Cali, Valle. The ARUCA web application contains a map with the locations of the urban trees of the 17 township. This application allows to visualize the trees that are in the township, and for each tree the information for its identification, such as: common name, scientific name and plaque, also, it is included the ecological benefits of each tree. Furthermore, the application allows you to report the damages for the selected tree to a previously configured email, and to check the tree information for its respective license plaque. The analysis of the geographic information was carried out through QGIS. The web map was created using the QGIS2WEB plugin with the Leaflet map library. The construction of the interfaces was carried out using the JavaScript React Framework. For the mailing it was used the EmailJS JavaScript library, as well as the icon library FontAwesome, and finally its publication was made in the Heroku platform.
Estimación de la superficie deforestada en el Parque Natural Nacional la Paya mediante el uso de Sensores Remotos para el periodo 2018-2022
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023-02-22) Espinosa Valencia, Camilo Eduardo; Cabezas Alzate, Diego Fernando
Deforestation on protected areas becomes an environmental problem in which forest cover is exchanged for other types of surfaces such as livestock, crops or pastures. In the case of Colombia, the environmental entities in charge of managing and protecting the areas declared as National Natural Parks are the National System of Protected Areas (SINAP) and the Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies (IDEAM). Although these entities carry out quarterly controls and estimate forest losses in these protected areas, historical results show an upward trend in deforestation rates, generating environmental damage that directly affects nearby communities and resources in general. from the country. This study presents a low-cost monitoring based on remote sensors and Landsat 8 and 9 satellite images that allows quantifying forest losses with a higher temporality and a spatial resolution of 30 meters. The procedure includes the download and processing of the images within the Paya National Natural Park, for the period 2018-2022 and subsequently a supervised classification that discriminates the coverage into 2 classes, defined as forest and non-forest. Finally, a subtraction is made of the polygons classified as forest on the initial (USGS, 2022) and non-forest on the final date to quantify and locate the deforested areas within the park. The results show to be a successful method to identify coverage changes, however, the precision is limited by the cloudiness of the area and the spatial resolution, which generates alterations in the limits of homogeneous coverages.
Evaluación del nivel EtnoEducativo en el Resguardo Indígena Páez de Corinto mediante el uso de herramientas SIG
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024-08-10) Cifuentes Gutierrez, Guillermo; Avendaño Meneses, Alexander; Escalante Caicedo, Ana Bely
Ethno-education in indigenous reserves lacks precise and updated information that would facilitate decision-making in indigenous territories and by their traditional authorities. Therefore, an analysis of census data is being pursued through the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), where data can be combined to provide a comprehensive analysis of the educational situation. This will facilitate the collection and analysis of data to improve ethno-education through the efficient distribution of resources and the monitoring of educational development progress, as well as community empowerment by involving indigenous authorities in a territorially and culturally sustainable future for the NASA people.
Identificación de áreas para la siembra de especies forestales nativas en el bosque seco tropical del Valle del Cauca: una aplicación de los sistemas de información geográfica
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023-02-15) Celorio Mosquera, Leidy Janeth; Cardona Zea, Diana Amparo
The Valle del Cauca is one of the few departments in Colombia that has the dry tropical forest ecosystem, however, its coverage is limited to small areas due to high degradation rates and the loss of biodiversity due to anthropogenic factors. In this project, priority planting areas, nurseries, and plant species that could be relevant in ecological projects for these ecosystems were identified. The multicriteria analysis was implemented to obtain the areas of interest (the evaluated criteria were degradation and soil use, distance to water sources, roads, and forest fragments); and species selection criteria based on their threat category, use, resistance, among others. The results show that 148 plant species meet the necessary criteria to be ideal in the plantings carried out in these ecosystems due to their ecological and cultural importance. Likewise, a local network of 69 nurseries was identified for the acquisition of these species, which can be strengthened and consolidated in the long term. In addition, 58,509 hectares were divided into 281 possible sites in the territory that could be intervened. This project generates valuable information on the use of geographic information systems (GIS) tools as a key complement in conservation strategies for tropical dry forests in Valle del Cauca

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