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Item Alergia a la proteína de leche de vaca relacionada con menores de edad, un reto clínico para el médico actual(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Pérez Herrera, Ana María; Valencia Salazar, Marcela María; Rivas Jiménez, Valentina; Villamarín Betancourt, Eder Antonio (Director)Cow's milk is a common source of protein in the diet, however, some people may develop intolerance or allergy to these macronutrients, this can trigger different symptoms in each of the affected individuals, predominating gastrointestinal, skin and respiratory disorders; it should be noted that this allergic reaction, like any other, if not treated effectively, can be potentially fatal. Objective: To analyze the scope of allergy to cow's milk protein in order to identify the pathology and thus improve the time of treatment initiation and prognosis in minor patients as a clinical challenge for current medicine. Methodology: a review of the literature was carried out that included cross-sectional descriptive observational studies, cases and controls and cohorts in patients with a clinical history compatible with Allergy to Cow's Milk Proteins "CMPA". Articles published in Spanish, English and Portuguese in the period between 2016 and 2023 were selected, using the PRISMA flowchart and consulting databases such as: Scielo, Scopus, Dialnet, ScienceDirect, Elsevier and PubMed. Results: the main symptom found was atopic dermatitis, where the highest incidence occurred in children living in urban areas. Conclusion: It is concluded that CMA was more common in children under 1 year of age, especially in those who had a mixed diet (breastfeeding plus formula).Item Análisis del IMC y factores desencadenantes del sobrepeso/obesidad antes, durante y después de la pandemia en una población escolar del Valle: estudio de cohorte retrospectiva(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Bernales Amaya, Ingrid Carolina; Orjuela Santiago, Laura Melissa; Giraldo Jiménez, Maria Fernanda (Directora); Quintero Ramos, Luz Eugenia (Directora)The COVID-19 pandemic has been a great challenge for the child population, the abrupt changes in daily life greatly affected their physical and emotional state, generating situations that are probably the cause of an increase in the body mass index (BMI) causing the population to be outside their normal weight range according to age. During and after confinement, children reach levels of overweight and obesity, and even remain within these ranges. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a population of 130 school-age children between 7 and 11 years of age in the municipality of El Cerrito, Valle del Cauca, Colombia, with a sample of 98 children. Outcomes: The results obtained show evidence of how COVID-19 confinement influences the increase of BMI in children. Conclusions: The BMI of children aged 7-11 years before, during and after the pandemic had an important variability with a predominance of a BMI in overweight ranges between the ages of 7 to 11 years and it was proved that parents consider lack of physical activity, stress, anxiety and high carbohydrate diet as triggering factors of the same.Item Características de la lactancia materna exclusiva en el primer mes posparto en mujeres residentes en zonas de alta vulnerabilidad social de Santiago de Cali, 2016(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Silva Rios, Angie Sthefania; Giraldo Nupan, Johan Fernando; Gulloso Pedrozo, Leonel (Director)El objetivo de este estudio se enfoca en identificar las características de la lactancia materna exclusiva en la primera semana hasta el primer mes pos parto. Se plantea hacer un análisis de cohortes utilizando la información de un estudio macro sobre lactancia materna realizado por la USC, en la ciudad de Cali, en el año 2016. En este estudio se incluirá a la población que cumpla con los criterios de inclusión y de exclusión, de acuerdo a los objetivos del estudio, respetando los principios bioéticos de confidencialidad y privacidad, en el manejo de la información disponible en el estudio macro; como beneficio de esta investigación se generara información que podrá ser utilizada para el diseño de estrategias de atención e intervención y políticas públicas, que puedan ser utilizadas para aumentar la duración de lactancia materna exclusiva, en la ciudad de Cali.Item Caracterización sociolaboral de un grupo de egresados de Medicina de la USC Cali – periodo 2014 – 2018(2021) García Martínez, Nelson; Delgado Lozada, Luis Alberto; Benavides Portilla, Mercedes (Directora)Santiago de Cali University trains medical who satisfy of the workplace, however as part of its accreditation process the need to determine the effectiveness of the education provided and the efficiency when performing as graduates is evident and for this reason the purpose of this study is to know the sociolabor and demographic particularities of the graduates, which allows to stake out the curriculum if necessary and allows to know the impact of the graduate in the work environment, generating a benefit for the university, the new students and graduates.Item Caracterización y mortalidad en coinfección Covid-19 y tuberculosis pulmonar: Revisión de alcance(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Chaves Molina, Lizethe Dayana; Parody Wadi, Fernando David; Martínez Hinojosa, Harrison; Escobar Delgado, Julián (Director)Introduction: Infectious diseases represent a public health problem, both emerging ones such as COVID-19 and re-emerging ones such as tuberculosis, a problem that is complicated by their appearance in the form of coinfection, with an unclear increase in the risk of mortality due to a causal association that is not very well known, which is why this review was carried out with the main of highlighting information on the interaction and mortality comorbidities between tuberculosis and Covid- 19. Methodology. An exhaustive scoping review was conducted of research published in databases worldwide since December 2019. The findings are presented in narrative form, complemented with tables and diagrams. Results: 22 articles, 100% observational, published in Asia (41%), America (23%), Europe (18%) and others (18%); presents in patients with a mean age of 49 years, male 88%, symptoms of triad of fever, dyspnea and cough, 43% of patients with coinfection present comorbidities DM (31%), HTN (14%), Smoking (10%), previous history of tuberculosis in 41%, and with findings of mortality associated with infection 11%, mortality relationship with comorbidities Pearson index of 0.054. Conclusions: There is an adequate level of scientific evidence about COVID-19 and tuberculosis coinfection, clarifying that the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of coinfection are established by the pathophysiological mechanism of the lung disease and that it occurs with a low mortality not associated with comorbidities pre-existing.Item Colestasis en el embarazo, oportunidad y facilidad de diagnóstico en Latinoamérica: Revisión de alcance(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Aponza Herrera, María Alejandra; Eraso Montilla, Juan José; Solarte Bacca, Santiago; Morales Chaves, Renan Orlando (Director)Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is the most common and reversible liver disease, with low incidence but high risk of fetal complications. Timely diagnosis is required; The gold standard test is the quantification of bile acids, which is difficult to perform. METHODOLOGY: Scoping review based on the search in Pubmed, sciencedirect and scopus databases, which answers the question: What is the opportunity and ease of diagnosis in Latin America of intrahepatic cholestasis in pregnancy? RESULTS: 22 articles, published in Peru (36.3%), Uruguay and Argentina (13.6% each), Mexico, Colombia and Ecuador (9%), pruritus and jaundice are present in 80% of cases, along with elevated liver function, only 55% of the studies have an evaluation of total bile acids. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of ICP is made from the clinical presentation and confirmation of elevated liver tests; there is still little diagnostic opportunity from the quantification of total bile acids, which does not coincide with the advances and recommendations of CPGs, testing is recommended given the evidence of the existing elevation between ABT levels and perinatal complications.Item Complicaciones metabólicas agudas, Cetoacidosis diabética y manejos en pacientes adultos diabéticos tipo 2 en 2024: Revisión de alcance(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Hormaza De La Cruz, Francisco Javier; García Quiñones, Angelica Alejandra (Directora)The three acute metabolic complications in diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes) are usually hypoglycemia, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and the hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS). Hypoglycemia, which must meet the criterion of very low blood glucose levels of less than 50 mg/dL, is the complication usually found in the pharmacological treatment of diabetic patients as a response to insulin treatment at the beginning of the disease due to excess insulin. the prescribed dose or in geriatric patients who suffer from senile, vascular or Alzheimer's dementia and who lose cognitive and memory capacity. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute metabolic complication of diabetes mellitus (type 2), although it predominates in type 1 diabetes mellitus, especially in young debuting subjects, but it is becoming common in emergency services in diabetes mellitus (type 2) due to poor pharmacological adherence to insulin and the lack of timely delivery of antidiabetics due to the problems presented in the health sector in Colombia, associated with SGLT2 oral antidiabetics as an adverse effect and the increase in infectious conditions in diabetics.Item Conocimiento, actitudes y prácticas sobre uso de métodos de planificación familiar en estudiantes pertenecientes al programa de Medicina en quinto año y sexto año de una universidad privada de Santiago de Cali en el 2022(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Marín Portela, Luis Fernando; Ordoñez Angarita, Laura Daniela; Díaz Marín, Fabián Steven; Cuero Vidal, Olga Lucía (Directora); Giraldo Jiménez, Claudia Fernanda (Directora)The availability and range of family planning methods offer the general population an opportunity to decide the moment to carry out responsible parenthood and a healthy sexual life,. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen learning about contraceptive knowledge, in addition to an adequate attitudinal component, allowing the acquisition of skills and abilities that can be put into practice, in order to prevent unplanned pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and counteract their consequences.Item Desafíos emergentes de la salud publica entorno a los embarazos de alto riesgo en la población inmigrante en Colombia(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Velásquez Lopez, Valentina; Castillo Benitez, Wendy Victoria; Diaz Caycedo, Xymena Andrea; Escobar Delgado, Julián Andrés (Directora)Introduction: High-risk pregnancies are all those pregnancies coexisting with pathologies or external causes capable of triggering a gestational period with risks both for the development of the fetus, as well as for the mother. There are more than one million migrants in Colombia, especially Venezuelans, of whom high levels of women of reproductive age are estimated, resulting in high pregnancy rates and high-risk obstetric pregnancies (HOP). Therefore, the research objective is to describe the emerging challenges of public health regarding high-risk pregnancies in the immigrant population in Colombia. Methodology: A scoping review was carried out by means of a literature search from review sources such as Science Direct, Google Academic, Scielo and PUBMED. Results: We obtained 25 articles from the last 6 years, filtered for duplicates and exclusion criteria, resulting in 8 studies that met the criteria for the research. Conclusions: The main components of the public health system are constituted by previously imposed governmental agencies, where the use of alternatives is feasible after reducing highrisk complications in pregnancy.Item Deserción en los estudios académicos del programa de Medicina, incidencia en Latinoamérica(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Olave Trujillo, Carolina Andrea; Revelo Belalcázar, Luis Miguel; Rodriguez Oliva, Ana Cristina; Gulloso Pedrozo, Leonel (Director)La facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Santiago de Cali en su Misión busca Formar médicos capaces de participar del proceso de transformación de la sociedad, formándose integralmente para luchar por mejorar y mantener una mejor calidad de vida de las personas, considerando los diferentes contextos sociales, políticos, económicos, culturales y ecológicos, como también formar médicos, capaces de actuar con idoneidad profesional a nivel individual, de la familia y de la comunidad. Un médico comprometido, investigador, estudioso y con gran sentido de la responsabilidad social.Item Determinantes del acto quirúrgico para prevenir ISO en adultos mayores hospitalizados 2018-2022: Un protocolo de revisión de alcance(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Portocarrero Plaza, Lady Valentina; Lemos Perlaza, Sebastián Augusto; Molano Biojo, Dayan Melisa; Giraldo Jiménez, Claudia Fernanda (Directora); Solarte Rosero, Mily (Directora)Item Diagnóstico, tratamiento y repercusiones en el producto de madres gestantes con infección por virus zika(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) López-Palacios Muñoz, Joana Patricia; López Díaz, Jean Paul; Salazar Aguirre, Carolina; Villamarin Betancourt, Eder Antonio (Director)Item Donación de sangre de cordón umbilical a partir de pinzamiento tardío en América Latina: ¿Continúa la controversia?: Revisión de alcance(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Meléndez Arenas, Bryan Ricardo; Jojoa Hernández, Jorge Alexander; Cuaran Montenegro, David Procardo; Angulo Mosquera, Jorge MarioLate clamping of the umbilical cord has multiple benefits, among them it is a valuable source of stem and progenitor cells, which is why donation began in 1990, until now with difficulties in accessing this procedure, with various controversies. regarding the topic. Methodology: A scoping review was designed, based on a specialized bibliographic search in the area of knowledge in umbilical cord blood donation from late clamping, through different databases. Results: The search process provided 17 articles, 88% observational, 12% quasi-experimental; whose research focus was on the evaluation of the knowledge of pregnant women and health personnel about donation, demonstration of the importance of transplantation and identification of current regulations. In relation to legality, only Argentina and Uruguay have established a specific law for Cord blood donation; 83% of Latin American countries are in favor of stem cell donation, and make state efforts for this. Conclusions: Umbilical cord blood is a good therapeutic alternative for donation, but this scientific advance entails problems due to lack of knowledge, as well as ethical and legal problems; There is a lack of specific regulations, despite being in favor of the practice, to which possible solutions or at least proposals must continue to be given.Item Estrategias terapéuticas en Toxoplasmosis Congénita: Una perspectiva actual. Revisión de alcance(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Maya Manso, Angela Patricia; Gutiérrez Alcalá, Isabella; Lemos Paredes, Lyda Marcela; Angulo Mosquera, Jorge Mario (Director); Hurtado Palacios, Isabel Cristina (Directora)Congenital toxoplasmosis (CT) is an infection that can affect fetuses during gestation. It occurs by vertical transmission of the parasite T. gondii from mother to fetus. Although 75% may be asymptomatic, others present severe neurological, psychomotor and ocular lesions. In Colombia, the incidence of CT is a public health problem. The high proportion of seronegativity in women of childbearing age is one of the main risk factors. Currently, the therapeutic management of CT is the subject of study and comparison. However, in the Colombian context, there is a lack of literature. This review seeks to establish a parallel between the different treatments, clinical outcomes and adverse effects.Item Evidencia y características del Burnout académico por pregrados de salud en Colombia: Revisión de alcance(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Patiño Concha, Julián Felipe; Hernández Zuñiga, Valentina; Hoyos Rentería, Jorge Arturo ; Giraldo Jiménez, Claudia Fernanda (Directora)Item Evidencias, impacto y alternativas terapéuticas sobre alopecia inducida por quimioterapia: Revisión de alcance(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Narváez Beltrán, Carlos Andrés; Vidal Cañas, Sinthia Michel; Liscano Martínez, Yamil (Director)Chemotherapy-induced alopecia is the abnormal loss of hair due to cytotoxic drugs in cancer treatment, it is one of the main adverse factors that affects the physical, emotional, and psychosocial state of the patient. Method: Scoping review, search of articles in databases Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Medline, Cochrane and clinicaltrials.gov, with the aim of demonstrating the effectiveness of pharmacological, physical, and alternative treatments, how they affect quality of life and in what cancer and regimen it is used. Results: Effectiveness in preventing AIC with scalp cooling (ECC) 58%, minoxidil 50%, topical Calcitriol 50%, CG428 Lotion 34.70%, Larrea divaricate lotion 613%, and effectiveness demonstrated qualitatively with low frequency ultrasound, no improvement is evident with the use of platelet-rich plasma; The effects on quality-of-life report evidence of reducing the need to purchase wigs and improvement in mood. AIC effectiveness in underlying breast cancers (69,5%) and solid cancers in treatments with anthracyclines and taxanes (79%). Conclusions: Effectiveness demonstrated with ECC and minoxidil not offered due to lack of knowledge and high costs, the alternatives still have little evidence to establish recommendations, little report on the effect on quality of life due to the lack of specific questionnaires; Alopecia is greater with anthracyclines and taxanes, hence the greater prevalence of alopecia in breast cancer. It recommends offering the treatments with the greatest evidence to patients at risk of AIC and designing studies in Colombia to provide results with a population focus.Item Exploración de la susceptibilidad a prediabetes y diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en estudiantes del sector salud: una revisión de alcance(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Arrunategui Becerra, Jose Emanuel; Calonge Alomoto, Andrés Camilo; Durán Vélez, Alejandra; Aguilera González, Pedro Pablo (Director)Item Expresión proteica de metaloproteinasa 2 en el riñón de rata durante la gestación en condición de obesidad(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Díaz González, Juan Camilo; Ruiz, Carlos Felipe (Director)An epidemiological interest group within the obese community is made up of pregnant women or women of childbearing age (who account for the highest percentage of obese people worldwide) this is because during pregnancy, the physiological changes of the it assume a certain susceptibility from several systems to obesity. One of the systems most affected by this is the renal system. Several authors have found a relationship between obesity and renal pathology in conditions such as generalized or segmental glomerulosclerosis, diabetic or hypertensive nephropathy. These diseases have in common that they develop from an inflammatory and fibrotic process, which originates in the context of the imbalance between the deposit and the degradation of the extracellular matrix collagen. And on this balance, Metalloproteinase 2 plays a fundamental role. However, the relationship between gestational obesity, maternal renal disease and protein expression of MMP-2 has not been referenced. The present study relates these aspects using a murine biomodel, forming a control group and an obese group, in a state of pregnancy, who were tested for inhumohistochemistry in three representative states of the three trimesters of pregnancy, to then determine statistically their behavior and relationship.Item Factores asociados a alteraciones de agudeza visual en estudiantes de Medicina: Revisión de alcance y propuesta preventiva(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Duque Castaño, Francisco Javier; Lombo Gutiérrez, Mayra Michelle; Ramírez Vallejo, Paula Andrea; Escobar Libreros, Julián Andrés (Director)The impairment of visual acuity limits adequate development, affects performance, limits productivity and affects quality of life. It can affect the entire population, including young people such as university students, with medical students being among the most affected as they are one of the most affected. of the longest undergraduate degrees, however there are no studies that show or intervene in the factors to reduce the incidence, which is why this review is carried out with the objective of determining the factors associated with the development of visual acuity alterations in medical students. Method: Scoping review, systematic search of articles from the last 5 years, in Medline, PubMed, Cochrane and Elsevier databases. Results: 14 articles, 83.33% cross-sectional studies, 8.33% cases and controls, 8.33% retrospective study, 75% Asia, 8.33% North America, 8.33% in Europe and 5.26% Africa. Common refractive errors are myopia, hyperopia, presbyopia, diplopia, computer vision syndrome (CVS) and astigmatism, the associated factors are age over 25 years (AOR = 1.8; CI of 95), family history with double probability of disease development and excessive use of screens. Conclusions: Refraction problems are common in medical students associated with triggers such as age, family inheritance and use of screens which can be intervened from early detection programs and development of visual hygiene activities from undergraduate training.Item Factores asociados con obesidad y síndrome metabólico 2000-2019(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Ortega Gómez, María Camila; León Marín, Julieth Darlanne; Quintero, Luz Eugenia (Director)