Medicina

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https://usc.scimago.es/handle/20.500.12421/112

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Evidencia y características del Burnout académico por pregrados de salud en Colombia: Revisión de alcance
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Patiño Concha, Julián Felipe; Hernández Zuñiga, Valentina; Hoyos Rentería, Jorge Arturo ; Giraldo Jiménez, Claudia Fernanda (Directora)
Desafíos emergentes de la salud publica entorno a los embarazos de alto riesgo en la población inmigrante en Colombia
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Velásquez Lopez, Valentina; Castillo Benitez, Wendy Victoria; Diaz Caycedo, Xymena Andrea; Escobar Delgado, Julián Andrés (Directora)
Introduction: High-risk pregnancies are all those pregnancies coexisting with pathologies or external causes capable of triggering a gestational period with risks both for the development of the fetus, as well as for the mother. There are more than one million migrants in Colombia, especially Venezuelans, of whom high levels of women of reproductive age are estimated, resulting in high pregnancy rates and high-risk obstetric pregnancies (HOP). Therefore, the research objective is to describe the emerging challenges of public health regarding high-risk pregnancies in the immigrant population in Colombia. Methodology: A scoping review was carried out by means of a literature search from review sources such as Science Direct, Google Academic, Scielo and PUBMED. Results: We obtained 25 articles from the last 6 years, filtered for duplicates and exclusion criteria, resulting in 8 studies that met the criteria for the research. Conclusions: The main components of the public health system are constituted by previously imposed governmental agencies, where the use of alternatives is feasible after reducing highrisk complications in pregnancy.
Impacto de la malnutrición infantil en el desarrollo cognitivo
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Díaz Rosero, Thalia Vanessa; Guerron Villarreal, Manuela Fernanda; Espinosa Herrera, Juliana; Villamarin Betancourth, Eder Antonio (Director)
Child nutrition is fundamental for physical and cognitive development. Mental development depends on the nutritional quality received in the early years. Research on pediatric nutritional design and public policies to improve the quality of life of children worldwide has been promoted. Maternal nutrition during pregnancy is highlighted, since its repercussion generates low birth weight, IUGR, PPR, and deficits in cognitive and psychomotor development. A scoping review of malnutrition and its influence on cognitive development in children under five years of age is proposed in order to identify risk factors and mitigate these complications. Methods: A scoping review was carried out through a systematic search, using inclusion criteria to select studies and structure the review. Results: 350 studies published between 2018-2024 were found, manual filtering was performed resulting in 110 remaining and 90 that did not meet eligibility criteria were excluded. They showed that socioeconomic conditions, such as poverty, are the major risk factor in childhood malnutrition. Short-term complications are low birth weight, while long-term complications are deficits in attention, concentration and memory. Discussion: Poverty and inadequate feeding practices are critical factors. In the short term, malnutrition affects neural plasticity, learning and academic performance; in the long term, cognitive limitations and social adaptation. Conclusion: early intervention through nutritional and educational programs is essential to mitigate the effects of malnutrition on children's cognitive development.
Factores de riesgos asociados a intoxicaciones agudas por sustancias químicas más prevalentes en menores de 5 años: Una revisión de alcance
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Ortiz Majin, Santiago; Zúñiga Guama, Lizeth Alejandra; García Quiñones, Roberto Antonio (Director)
Acute chemical poisoning in children under 5 years of age is a preventable public health problem worldwide, which generates high morbidity and mortality, with homes being the main site of accidental exposure due to the ingestion of various chemical substances, which vary according to each region.
Fisiología aplicada a la ventilación mecánica
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) García Vaca, María del Mar; Giraldo Ortegón, Gustavo Adolfo; Arzuza Jaramillo, Maria José (Directora)
Respiratory physiology is based on gas exchange at the pulmonary alveoli level, which is why the diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide is vital to guarantee adequate tissue perfusion and the elimination of metabolic waste substances in order to maintain homeostasis and the correct functioning of the organism. However, respiratory system dysfunction of intra- or extrapulmonary origin, in pathological or non-pathological situations, leads the healthcare team to use mechanical ventilation as a therapeutic strategy; using it as a therapeutic support tool guarantees a high percentage of benefit to patients during their recovery process. The impact of the positive pressure exerted by mechanical ventilation on all body systems should always be taken into consideration, with the goal of improving the patient's state of oxygenation and avoiding adverse effects to a minimum since, being a non-physiological mechanism, it can directly affect the respiratory system, and indirectly affect the cardiovascular, renal, hepatic, hepatic and nervous systems, However, thanks to the use of the latest generation devices and advances in investigation, it has been possible to implement new therapeutic strategies called protective ventilation, where the aim is to reduce the adverse effects as much as possible and in an individualized manner to ensure the adequate oxygenation of the patient.
Uso de la terapia electroconvulsiva con anestesia y relajación (TECAR) en pacientes con Trastorno Obsesivo-Compulsivo refractario
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Freire Florez, Juan Diego; Martinez Pérez, David Ernesto (Director)
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) without improvement with conventional treatments poses quality of life challenges for patients and mental health professionals. Despite the availability of neuromodulation therapies such as Electroconvulsive Therapy with Anesthesia and Muscle Relaxation (ECTAR) it is not yet supported by clinical guidelines due to inconclusive and controversial results. However, it continues to be used, especially in severe affective symptoms. The aim of this research is to review the existing literature on the TECAR in refractory OCD, identifying the cost-benefit of implementing it in clinical practice.
Principales causas de enfermedad renal crónica en pacientes entre 14 a 26 años en Latinoamérica durante el periodo 2020-2022
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Bastidas Matta, David; Benavidez Penna, Fabio Alejandro; Ruiz Molano, Valentina; Escobar Delgado, Julián Andrés (Director)
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as a persistent kidney disorder with poor glomerular filtration, even if there are no obvious signs of damage. The classification of CKD is based on the GFR and the albuminuria/creatininuria ratio, highlighting proteinuria as a key prognostic factor. This review seeks to analyze the main causes and etiologies of chronic kidney disease in patients aged 14 to 26 years in Latin America during the period 2020-2022; Likewise, the most frequent risk factors associated with chronic kidney disease in young people aged 14 to 26 and the prevalence of the different etiologies that usually occur are identified.
Estrategias terapéuticas en Toxoplasmosis Congénita: Una perspectiva actual. Revisión de alcance
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Maya Manso, Angela Patricia; Gutiérrez Alcalá, Isabella; Lemos Paredes, Lyda Marcela; Angulo Mosquera, Jorge Mario (Director); Hurtado Palacios, Isabel Cristina (Directora)
Congenital toxoplasmosis (CT) is an infection that can affect fetuses during gestation. It occurs by vertical transmission of the parasite T. gondii from mother to fetus. Although 75% may be asymptomatic, others present severe neurological, psychomotor and ocular lesions. In Colombia, the incidence of CT is a public health problem. The high proportion of seronegativity in women of childbearing age is one of the main risk factors. Currently, the therapeutic management of CT is the subject of study and comparison. However, in the Colombian context, there is a lack of literature. This review seeks to establish a parallel between the different treatments, clinical outcomes and adverse effects.
Análisis del IMC y factores desencadenantes del sobrepeso/obesidad antes, durante y después de la pandemia en una población escolar del Valle: estudio de cohorte retrospectiva
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Bernales Amaya, Ingrid Carolina; Orjuela Santiago, Laura Melissa; Giraldo Jiménez, Maria Fernanda (Directora); Quintero Ramos, Luz Eugenia (Directora)
The COVID-19 pandemic has been a great challenge for the child population, the abrupt changes in daily life greatly affected their physical and emotional state, generating situations that are probably the cause of an increase in the body mass index (BMI) causing the population to be outside their normal weight range according to age. During and after confinement, children reach levels of overweight and obesity, and even remain within these ranges. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a population of 130 school-age children between 7 and 11 years of age in the municipality of El Cerrito, Valle del Cauca, Colombia, with a sample of 98 children. Outcomes: The results obtained show evidence of how COVID-19 confinement influences the increase of BMI in children. Conclusions: The BMI of children aged 7-11 years before, during and after the pandemic had an important variability with a predominance of a BMI in overweight ranges between the ages of 7 to 11 years and it was proved that parents consider lack of physical activity, stress, anxiety and high carbohydrate diet as triggering factors of the same.
La importancia del testigo métrico en fotografía forense: Revisión de alcance
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Maldonado Medina, Andrea Stefania; Mueses Lara, Laura Camila; Tello Quijano, Luis Alberto; Restrepo Zapata, Jorge Humberto (Director)
We have analyzed that in the forensic world in Colombia there are few guides or protocols on the metric Witness, because it is important when attaching the photograph as evidence before the court, since it lies in the need to observe the image that is achieved. dimension the cause, size and laterality of the lesson. We will talk about the beginnings of photography and the metric witness. Photography comes from the Greek photo → PHOS, which means light, and graphy → GRAFIS, which means drawing. It began with Aristóteles in the 3rd century BC. with the first camera obscura, following him, in the 10th century with the Arab Scientist Alhazen of Basra adapting glass lenses to Aristotle's dark bed, continuing in the 15th century with Leonardo Da Vinci with the compact dark shell, in the 19th century. (1800s) the English scientist Thomas Wedgwood made the first prints on paper and leather treated with silver salts. With Joshep Nicephore Niepce (1816) he achieved the first negative image with paper treated with silver chloride and also created heliography. Louis Jacques Mandé Daguerre (1822) called Daguerreotype the process in which he allows the image to be fixed and in 1838 the first panoramic image “Boulevard du temple” was known. William Henry Fox Talbot (1839). In 1850 the term PHOTOGRAPHY was already used due to the processes in which it was used to fix an image. Referring to the metric witness known as a unit of measurement used only in close-up photography, to determine: scale, length or diameter of the recorded sign or object.
Determinantes del acto quirúrgico para prevenir ISO en adultos mayores hospitalizados 2018-2022: Un protocolo de revisión de alcance
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Portocarrero Plaza, Lady Valentina; Lemos Perlaza, Sebastián Augusto; Molano Biojo, Dayan Melisa; Giraldo Jiménez, Claudia Fernanda (Directora); Solarte Rosero, Mily (Directora)
Protocolo sobre una revisión de alcance de las principales secuelas neurocognitivas en pacientes debutantes de ACV isquémico post-trombolisis
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Cabezas Borrero, Daniel Ricardo; Berón Reina Maria Kamila; Bolívar Salguero, Iván Dario; Giraldo Jiménez, Claudia Fernanda (Directora); Solarte Rosero, Mily (Directora)
Protocolo de revisión de alcance sobre los factores de riesgo de fibrilación auricular en pacientes con cáncer activo
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Madroñero Jaramillo, Nathalia Sofia; Montilla Peña, Johana Alejandra; Valdivia Botero, Isabella Andrea; Solarte Rosero, Mily (Directora); Giraldo Jiménez, Claudia Fernanda (Directora)
Background Research shows a two-way relationship between atrial fibrillation and active cancer: cancer patients, while undergoing drug treatment and after surgery, are at high risk of developing atrial fibrillation (AF); similarly, people suffering from atrial fibrillation are at high risk of developing some types of cancer. This review has the overall objective to determine what are the risk factors for AF in patients with active cancer.
Determinación de escalas validadas utilizadas para diagnóstico de la ansiedad y la depresión en pacientes sobrevivientes de Covid-19: Revisión sistemática
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Madera Carvajal, María Teresa; Rincón Valencia, Valentina; Ocampo González, Álvaro Alexander (Director); Castillo García, Javier Ferney (Director)
In research on the impacts produced by COVID-19 disease, a high incidence of anxiety and depression was observed, which were diagnosed by validated scales. The diversity and heterogeneity of scales used in each of the studies, makes a systematic review of those that are validated pertinent, since these would be considered effective, which implies establishing the panorama of scientific evidence on the subject.
Conocimiento, actitudes y prácticas sobre uso de métodos de planificación familiar en estudiantes pertenecientes al programa de Medicina en quinto año y sexto año de una universidad privada de Santiago de Cali en el 2022
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Marín Portela, Luis Fernando; Ordoñez Angarita, Laura Daniela; Díaz Marín, Fabián Steven; Cuero Vidal, Olga Lucía (Directora); Giraldo Jiménez, Claudia Fernanda (Directora)
The availability and range of family planning methods offer the general population an opportunity to decide the moment to carry out responsible parenthood and a healthy sexual life,. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen learning about contraceptive knowledge, in addition to an adequate attitudinal component, allowing the acquisition of skills and abilities that can be put into practice, in order to prevent unplanned pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and counteract their consequences.
Efectos de la desnutrición infantil en niños menores de 5 años: protocolo de revisión de alcance
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Hurtado Caicedo, Carmenza Gishelit; Ibargüen Mosquera, Libia del Mar; Posada González, Anabel; Giraldo Jiménez, Claudia Fernanda (Directora); Solarte Rosero, Mily (Directora)
Child malnutrition is defined as a manifestation associated with extreme poverty, with higher incidence in underdeveloped countries; this is generated when the infant does not receive the amount of food necessary to achieve its full development. The objective of this scope review is to synthesize studies on malnutrition in children under five years of age, identifying causes, diagnoses and treatments, published in the last five years.
Implicaciones en salud de la anemia ferropénica refractaria al hierro en niños, jóvenes y adultos: Revisión de alcance
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Falla Rodríguez, Katherin; Gutiérrez Villegas, Valentina; Hernández Carrera, Daniela; Quintero Ramos, Luz Eugenia (Directora); Solarte Rosero, Mily (Directora)
Despite being a rare disease, iron refractory iron deficiency anemia (IRIDA) has been studied in its genetic patterns specifically in the TMPRSS6 gene, finding mutations at this level, causing a metabolic disorder characterized by a therapeutic failure in iron administration, so the patient faces health risks that can derive ultimately to mortality.
Factores de estrés académico y depresión en estudiantes de Medicina: Revisión de alcance
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Cortes Giraldo, Mayra Alejandra; Trujillo Rodríguez, Angie Julieth; Motta Córdoba, Juan Sebastián; Solarte Rosero, Mily (Directora); Giraldo Jiménez, Claudia Fernanda (Directora)
Research conducted in Europe, Latin America and Colombia, account for the psychological difficulties faced by medical students, which trigger stress and depression, from various risk factors motivated by the academic load they face.
Ansiedad y depresión en pacientes con covid-19 tras permanencia en unidad de cuidados intensivos: Una revisión de alcance
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) González Beltrán, Claudia Stella; Durango Rocha, Daniela Valentina; Corrales Muñoz, Vivian Vanessa; Giraldo Jiménez, Claudia Fernanda (Directora); Solarte Rosero, Mily (Directora)
COVID-19 disease has a high burden in the intensive care unit and general consequences in various aspects, including mental health. The affectation is evident, however there is a lack of studies that establish a relationship between different stressors and the presentation of the pathology, the objective of the following review is to determine the effect of hospitalization in an intensive care unit due to COVID 19 on the presentation of anxiety and depression and thereby help future research and intervention proposals that provide comprehensive care.
Uso de análogos de vitamina D para evitar la progresión de la prediabetes
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Andrade Tálaga, Daniela Catherine; Gomez Quijano, Brhayam Jhosseth; Solarte Rosero, Mily (Directora); Giraldo Jiménez, Claudia Fernanda (Directora)
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a very prevalent metabolic condition characterized by increased blood glucose concentration. The fact of suffering a chronic disease carries with it a wide list of possible acute and chronic complications, which results in high costs for the health system. Nowadays it is possible to identify conditions prior to the pathology, however, efforts are still being made in research to determine therapies that manage to delay or reverse the progress of prediabetes to diabetes; Among the proposed strategies are vitamin D3 supplementation. The aim of this study is to establish whether the use of vitamin D analogues is useful to prevent the progression of prediabetes to type 2 DM.

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