Browsing by Author "Ríos Acevedo, Jhon Jairo (Director)"
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Item Avances y desafíos en la aplicación de espectroscopía de infrarrojo cercano (NIR) para el desarrollo de nanomateriales en biomedicina: “revisión sistemática”(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Ordoñez Moreno, Maribel; Ríos Acevedo, Jhon Jairo (Director)Item Desarrollo de metodología analítica por HPCL indicativo de estabilidad para los productos de degradación en Enalapril maleato(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) González Moreno, Sandra Liliana; Ríos Acevedo, Jhon Jairo (Director)The official method for the determination of organic impurities in Enalapril Maleate Tablets in the USP Pharmacopoeia is an isocratic liquid chromatography method, in this method, the suitability requirement is the separation between the main component enalapril and enalapril diketopiperazine, enalaprilat and enalapril; maleic acid and enalaprilat. During the evaluation of the method and its application in the pilot formulation of Enalapril Maleate tablets, it was found that during the accelerated stability process of the product, non specific peaks are observed with which the product does not comply with the parameters established and required by regulatory entities, so it was decided to develop a selective, sensitive and easy to use method for the determination of degradation products in Enalapril Maleate tablets. Enalapril maleate was subjected to forced degradation conditions, achieving a specific procedure for analysis under the relevant conditions and complying with current regulations. The Organic Impurities method was performed using a Phenomenex Prodigy C18 (250 x 4.6 mm) 5µm column with acetonitrile/phosphate buffer mobile phase pH 3.0 at a flow of 1.2 mL/min, column temperature at 55°. C, wavelength at 215 nm, injection volume of 50 μL and run time of 50 min. The calibration curve for the degradation products system was linear in the range of 0.00020 – 0.00240 mg/mL with a correlation coefficient of 0.999. The average recovery of Enalapril in tablet dosage form was 99.0%.Item Desarrollo de un almidón catiónico para ser usado como coagulante en el tratamiento de aguas residuales(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Prieto Gutiérrez, Jeisson Alberto; Franco Araujo, Leonard Hernán; Ríos Acevedo, Jhon Jairo (Director)In this work, a cationic starch was developed with the objective of reducing the turbidity present in wastewater for treatment, the synthesis of a compound was carried out with cassava starch and a quaternary ammonium salt such as benzalkonium chloride, to which performed a GC - MS analysis to detect possible derivatives confirming a reaction, total nitrogen and finally the coagulation tests were carried out in a jar test, managing to remove up to 30% of suspended particles from the raw wastewater in composite sampling, the ferric managed to remove an average of 63% of the turbidity from the waters that reach the WWTP in the city of Cali, Colombia. No difference was found between turbidity reduction at 250 ppm and 500 ppm.Item Desarrollo de un filtro de carbón activado para la eliminación de ácido cianúrico, subproducto de la desinfección del agua de piscinas(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2025) García Zapata, Nohemy; Ríos Acevedo, Jhon Jairo (Director)Currently, public health regulatory bodies are increasingly demanding the disinfection of swimming pool water to prevent disease and avoid a new pandemic. This has led to the use of disinfectants that generate toxic byproducts such as cyanuric acid. To date, in our city, the only way to reduce its concentration is through water disposal, which increases maintenance costs and generates a negative environmental impact. To address this problem, a prototype filter was developed with three types of activated carbon: commercially available for fish tanks, 8x30 granular, and powder, evaluating its efficiency in a pilot pool under controlled conditions. Statistical analysis confirmed that 8x30 granular activated carbon was the most efficient material for removing cyanuric acid, achieving a 28.4% reduction in a single filtration. Furthermore, it presented lower variability and greater precision in the analyzed parameters, supporting its selection as the most suitable filter material for this process. Additionally, this proposal proved to be more economically viable than the traditional method.Item Desarrollo de una técnica miniaturizada para la determinación de nitrosaminas en productos cárnicos mediante HS-SPME-GC/MS(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Gamboa Castillo, Miller Arbey; Ríos Acevedo, Jhon Jairo (Director)Several studies have shown that the consumption of processed meat products is strongly linked to cancer associated with nitrosamines formed by the addition of nitrate or nitrite salts and certain amines. In this work, a method was developed for the determination of volatilenitrosamines in commercial sausages using headspace sampling by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (HS-SPME-GC-MS). Two fused silica fibers were evaluated, one coated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and the other with carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS). A fractional factorial design was employed to evaluate the influence of equilibrium time, ionic strength, extraction time, extraction temperature, and the addition of methanol on the extraction of Nnitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), N-nitrosodi-n-butylamine (NDBA), and N-nitrosopiperidine (NPIP) in sausages. The method was validated and applied for the determination of nitrosamines in sausages, with linear ranges between 0-50 µg/L. The coefficients of determination for the calibration curves ranged from 0.9906 to 0.9976; the limits of quantification were between 0.254 and 0.389 µg/L. The precision and accuracy of the method were within the ranges of 2.7-7.3% and 70.286.4%, respectively. The implemented method proved to be simple, rapid, and exhibited adequate accuracy, sensitivity, and precision.Item Determinación de la calidad del agua de consumo humano del corregimiento el Carmelo perteneciente al municipio de Guapi – Cauca(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Montaño Angulo, Anyi Ernestina; Ríos Acevedo, Jhon Jairo (Director)The present document analyzes the drinking water quality in the district of El Carmelo, which belongs to the municipality of Guapi located in the department of Cauca. The community in this area is in a state of vulnerability marked by precarious conditions and a lack of essential resources for life, making this an important issue as it influences human health. To this end, samples were taken during the rainy and summer seasons from the water supply source of the district of El Carmelo; these were studied using standard physicochemical and microbiological methods, and the results were compared with the regulatory ranges of Resolution 2115 of 2007, which establishes the methodology for the analysis of the Water Quality Risk Index for Human Consumption (IRCA). It is concluded that the drinking water in the district of El Carmelo is not suitable for human consumption in either season, presenting a health risk score of 26.5% during the rainy season, classifying it as a medium risk level, and a low risk level with a risk score of 9% in the summer seasonItem Determinación de mercurio mediante análisis por espectroscopía de absorción atómica con vapor frío en aguas del río Palo en su paso por los municipios de Guachené y Puerto Tejada(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Viafara Ramos, Yancy Mayerly; Ríos Acevedo, Jhon Jairo (Director)The Palo river is located along the department of Cauca, one of the departments with the greatest legal and illegal mining exploitation, which is a topic of growing interest since the contamination of rivers due to the presence of mercury (Hg) is very critical, due to the bioaccumulation that prevents its elimination and the serious effects it has on human health and the deterioration of the environment. In this study, a method for quantification of Hg in raw water samples was validated by means of atomic absorption spectrometry with cold vapor; under the criteria of accuracy, precision, stability, linearity, detection and quantification limit and uncertainty, a working range of 0.805 ug/L Hg to 60 ug/L Hg was defined. Sampling was carried out in the Palo River at five (5) points of interest between the municipalities of Guachené and Puerto Tejada, in accordance with the mining activity reported in the area, and the mercury concentration was determined in three different seasons. Thus, Hg concentrations of between 0.2 and 2.0 μg/L were obtained at all sampling points, concluding that both mining and dredging activities as well as climate and hydrological conditions influence mercury concentration in the river studied.Item Determinación de parabenos en aguas residuales mediante extracción por sorción en disco rotatorio (RDSE) y cromatografía liquida(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Ortiz Osorio, Fernanda; López Chávez, Paula Andrea; Ríos Acevedo, Jhon Jairo (Director)The present thesis was carried out to develop an eco-friendly and efficient technology based on rotary disk sorption extraction (RDSE) and liquid chromatography of 4 parabens such as methylparaben (MeP), ethylparaben (EtP), propylparaben (PrP) and butylparaben (BuP), chemical compounds that pose a silent environmental threat in the environment, or also known as emerging contaminants (EC). Six variables were studied, such as sample volume, extraction time, extraction temperature, stirring speed, desorption solvent, desorption time; to achieve an optimization of RDSE conditions. The detection limits of the methods ranged from 0.045 mg/mL to 0.089 mg/mL and the quantification limits ranged from 0.15 mg/mL to 0.30 mg/mL; as for their recovery percentage, they ranged from 66.6% to 76.3%, which leads to a methodology with reproducible, accurate and precise data. Finally, the determination of the presence of parabens in hospital wastewater from the city of Manizales-Colombia was carried out, and only methylparaben and propylparaben were found to be present.Item Determinación de trazas de dodecilbencenosulfonato de sodio por cromatografía líquida de alta resolución (HPLC), en el proceso de limpieza de una industria farmacéutica(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Polanco Gaitán, Daniela Andrea; Betancourt Gutiérrez, Miguel Eduardo; Ríos Acevedo, Jhon Jairo (Director)This study aimed to develop and validate an analytical methodology for the quantitative determination of traces of the surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) by means of the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. The maximum acceptance limit was established at 2.3 mg/L per 25 cm2 . Selectivity was evaluated by exposing the analyte on plates. This analysis using the diode array detector (DAD) demonstrated that the analyte was spectrally pure (>990 mg/L); Linearity was evaluated at five concentration levels from 50 to 150%; the coefficient of variation for the repeatability of the method was less than 5%; the LOD and LOQ were 0.5870 mg/L and 1.3767 mg/L respectively. This demonstrates that the methodology is reliable enough to determine traces of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate in the cleaning of a pharmaceutical industry.Item Determinación del contenido de Cadmio en suelo y grano seco de cacao utilizando la técnica de fluorescencia de rayos x monocromático comparado contra ICP-OES(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Gutiérrez Chamorro, José Eduardo; Ríos Acevedo, Jhon Jairo (Director)The validation of an analytical methodology is essential when seeking to demonstrate that the laboratory has the competencies and can comply with one of the requirements framed in the ISO 17025:2017 standard, which evaluates different parameters through already established statistical tests. In this work, the optimization and analytical validation was carried out for the quantification of Cd in cocoa beans and soil, this through the use of the E-max equipment that uses monochromatic X-ray fluorescence as a technique for the quantification of Cd. The optimization of the methodology was carried out by varying the particle size, sample rotations and analysis time. The parameters proposed to evaluate during the validation of the methodology were the limit of detection, limit of quantification, repeatability, intermediate precision between days, reproducibility and bias evaluating the recovery against a reference material. Optimizing the methodology established that there are no significant differences between size variations in sample preparation (0.5 and 1.0 mm), sample rotations (2 and 3 rotations) and analysis time (100 and 200 seconds). However, less variation was obtained in the results obtained for the samples at 0.5 mm, 3 rotations and 200 seconds of analysis, which is why it was established as the final analysis condition. The precision parameters met the established criteria that were evaluated with the validaR application recommended by the INM method validation guide in quantitative chemical analysis. The detection limit was determined with the t99 statistical method, resulting in 0.052 and 0.031 mg/kg of Cd, for the soil and cocoa bean, respectively; from which the limit of quantification could be calculated, which is 0.210 and 0.123 mg/kg of Cd, for soil and cocoa bean, respectively. The evaluation of the bias was carried out through the percentage of recovery against certified reference materials, having recoveries in both matrices between 95.26 to 100.73%. The comparison using a t test of sample means against the ICP-OES method established that there are statistical differences between both methods, therefore, they are not comparable until the investigation is expanded. This research benefits the research sector and cocoa producer since it implements an environmentally friendly technique, which requires basic sample preparation, reducing conventional analysis times and allowing the portability of the XRF equipment.Item Espectroscopía en el Infrarrojo Cercano para la determinación de contaminantes Hídricos: “Revisión sistemática”(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Gómez García, Valentina; Ríos Acevedo, Jhon Jairo (Director)Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) emerges as a promising method for large-scale tablet production due to its ability to collect multiparametric data quickly and accurately. However, despite the growing number of NIRS identification methods, only a few have been approved by regulatory authorities. This may be due to difficulties in clearly documenting these methods in official reports and audits. In another context, remote sensing of lakes in boreal and Arctic regions faces challenges due to high concentrations of organic matter, which significantly reduce reflectance signals in the visible part of the spectrum (400-700 nm). Similarly, in detecting organic compounds where reflectance is nearly null in the visible range due to absorption, peaks in the near-infrared spectrum (710 nm and 810 nm) become the primary detectable signals. Although the 710 nm peak has been used for over two decades to assess eutrophic waters, it has been demonstrated that the 810 nm peak is also useful for obtaining data on water constituents in seemingly clean water bodies, especially in lakes where the 710 nm peak is still affected by climatic and atmospheric conditions. These findings underscore the importance of adapting remote sensing methods to improve accuracy in complex aquatic environments.Item Estudio de la implementación de una extracción dinámica con disolvente asistida por sonicación para la separación del Cannabinoide CBD presente en la Cannabis sativa L(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Maya Telles, Jorge Andrés; Ríos Acevedo, Jhon Jairo (Director)Cannabis oil is the most widely used product for medicinal purposes, which is why, in recent years, it has become very popular in certain countries due to the movement to legalize marijuana. Its content of tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol can vary according to the variety of the vegetable and the conditions of preparation. generally only three or four cannabinoids are found in a plant in concentrations greater than 0.1%. The ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is most responsible for the pharmacological effects of cannabis, although other compounds in the plant also contribute to these results, especially cannabidiol (CBD), which has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anxiolytic and antipsychotic properties. The development and application of a suitable extraction procedure plays a crucial role in achieving a reliable characterization of a plant material. The most widely used extraction methods include conventional solid-liquid methods, such as maceration or solvent extraction, as well as a wide range of novel techniques, such as ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). Another innovative technique that is part of these miniaturization processes is called dynamic extraction with solvent assisted by ultrasound (DSASE), which has been developed to obtain substances present in plant matrices, increasing the extraction performance, and improving the quality of the extracts. The objective of this systematic review is to identify the effective methods currently used for the separation of the CBD cannabinoid present in Cannabis sativa L and to compare with the use of the sonication-assisted dynamic solvent extraction technique.Item Estudio de la variabilidad isotópica del oro proveniente del Distrito Minero Puerto Nare-Puerto Berrío, departamento de Antioquia mediante la técnica de espectrometría de masas con plasma de acoplamiento inductivo (ICP-MS)(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Álzate Ríos, Alejandra; Ríos Acevedo, Jhon Jairo (Director); Ruiz Solano, Verónica (Directora)In the study of the elemental and isotopic variability of gold, masses ranging from 9Be to 238U were selected, comprising a total of 64 elements, these elements include many isotopes that mark the characteristics of each particle studied. The collection of the samples was carried out in the Antioquia area of the Puerto Nare-Puerto Berrio district, and the elemental and isotopic quantification of the gold collected was executed by means of a previous analysis by X-ray Microfluorescence for major and minor elements, and finally by the technique of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) for the study of the isotopic variability. The data obtained were statistically processed using specialized software for the generation of multivariate plots, The results revealed that there was a wide isotopic variability in the gold samples with a characteristic profile of 44 elements of which the most distinctive were 75As, 181Ta, 47Ti, 52Cr, 191Ir, 45Sc238U, 56 Fe, 95Mo, 140Ce, 63Cu, 139La111Cd, 66 Zn, 201Hg, 151Eu, 59Co, 51V, 72Ge, 191Ir, 45Sc; demonstrating the usefulness of the ICP-MS technique for this study, the findings will serve as a basis for future research in the field of isotopic geochemistry and will contribute to the sustainable development of mining activity in the region.Item Estudio químico entre la relación de la calidad nutricional y la excreción de nutrientes en novillos Angus bajo pastoreo de sistemas de monocultivo y silvopastoril(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Camargo Arango, Juan David; Mera Loboa, William David; Ríos Acevedo, Jhon Jairo (Director); Arango Mejía, Jacobo (Director)Forages are the main and most economical source of feed for cattle. The integration of grasses with shrub species allows to increase the consumption of forage with higher nutritional quality. This study was carried out in the Animal Nutrition and Forage Quality Laboratory of the Bioversity & CIAT Alliance, located at Km 17 of the Cali-Palmira straight line. The objective of this work was to relate the nutritional quality of the diets and the excretion of nutrients in 14 Angus steers that grazed a monoculture system based on Cayman (Urochloa hybrid cv. CIAT BRO2/1752) and a silvopastoral system (SSP) made up of Cayman plus Leucaena diversifolia. In which the forages underwent a characterization in their chemical composition, in which the content of Crude Protein PC (6.04 - 13.1%), dry matter DM (93.47 - 92.6%), MO organic matter (87.54 - 88.0%), ashes (12.46 - 12.0%), NDF neutral detergent fiber (69.63 - 68.9%), FDA acid detergent fiber (37, 61 - 36.1 %) and in vitro digestibility of dry matter DIVMS (52.06 - 64.01 %). In the case of feces, contents of PC (7.69 - 11.04%), OM (78.66 - 76.68%), ashes (19.79 - 21.75%), NDF were obtained. (71.30 - 70.34 %) and FDA (36.58 - 39.98 %), on the other hand, in the digestibility of the nutrients values of DM (43.36 - 53.22 %), MO (45.73 – 47.22%), PC (59.50 – 45.63%), NDF (51.04 – 55.08%), FDA (46.67 – 56.61%), for monoculture and SSP respectively, which were analyzed in triplicate. Finally, the consumption of forages in the animals was estimated from the difference obtained between was offered and rejected 24 hours after supply.Item Estudios de estabilidad y desarrollo de una metodología analítica por espectroscopia de absorción atómica para la determinación de magaldrato en una suspensión oral(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Sánchez Chicangana, Yeison Andrey; Ríos Acevedo, Jhon Jairo (Director)This study aimed to validate the analytical method for the quantification of magnesium in the drug magaldrate by atomic absorption spectroscopy and the implementation of said methodology in preliminary stability studies in an oral suspension. The atomic absorption methodology was validated under the guidelines of the USP-NF-2023 N0- 2 pharmacopeia. According to the validation results: the method is specific for the determination of magnesium in the drug; The linearity was evaluated with five concentrations between 0.2 and 0.6 mg/L, the correlation and determination coefficients of 0.99979 and 0.99959 respectively demonstrate a straight line between the data obtained from both the linearity of the system and method. ; The determined average recovery percentage of 100.1% indicates that the methodology has good accuracy; the accuracy of the system in terms of repeatability was obtained 0.1% RSD; intermediate precision was evaluated as reproducibility between three analysts with 1.1% RSD; The tests evaluated for robustness showed that: the absence of the matrix modifier, not using the background correction and the height of the burner affects the precision and accuracy of the method. On the other hand, using Type I Water as diluent, the concentration of nitric acid, the amount of nitric acid in the digestion and the two ways of reading (with or without auto sampler) yield significantly comparable results; The solution stability of the samples and calibration curve are stable up to 144 hours. Finally, a stability study of the finished product was initiated, yielding average results of 98.0% and a %RSD of 0.8%.Item Evaluación de los resultados negativos de medicación en mujeres embarazadas con preeclampsia que ingresan al área de alto riesgo obstétrico del Hospital Universitario del Valle.(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Navia Pérez, Ángela María; Ríos Acevedo, Jhon Jairo (Director)Preeclampsia is a pathology that affects pregnant women, being considered the leading cause of maternal-fetal morbidity and mortality worldwide, being a population very susceptible to complications during hospital stay. Therefore, the negative results of medication were evaluated in pregnant women with preeclampsia who entered the high obstetric risk area of the Hospital Universitario del Valle in 2021 and 2022, carrying out pharmacotherapeutic monitoring using the SOAP method, which made it possible to identify problems related to medications (PRM) and negative medication results (RNM), obtaining that 60.53% of the pregnant women did not present NMR, 18.12% presented NMR of necessity and 21.05% presented safety, associated with untreated health problem, contraindication and therapeutic non-compliance, with nifedipine, enoxaparin, and ferrous sulfate being the medications involved. Likewise, the Chi square test was performed identifying that the factors that can influence NMR are associated with the level of education, socioeconomic stratum, number of prenatal checkups, pathological history and number of medications.Item Factores que determinan la calidad de los granos de cacao y uso de la espectroscopia de infrarrojo cercano (NIRS) Como herramienta de Caracterización(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2025) Hurtado Gallo, Alejandra; Ríos Acevedo, Jhon Jairo (Director)Currently, the cocoa production industry faces several challenges involving sustainability in both production and marketing, as various factors such as climate, technology, the proliferation of diseases, and lack of investment in improvement programs have created a conflict between demand and annual production. Additionally, the use of costly technologies like high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for analyzing raw materials and finished products has left some small producers uncompetitive in the production chain. Other options, such as near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), promise to be a versatile tool with low operational costs and short response times. Furthermore, this technology does not require specialized personnel since analyses can be performed in situ without destroying the sample, which favors the development and competitiveness of small cocoa farmers. Studies in different scientific fields such as chemistry, medicine, and agriculture employ NIRS technology as a source of information for evaluating quality parameters. However, one of the main obstacles of this technique is the need to use standard reference methods for calibration and its low sensitivity when dealing with very small samples, in addition to the complexity of reading its spectra. Nevertheless, this technology relies on chemometric models to predict the quantity of a compound of interest. Additionally, to correct the effect of scattering in the data, vector normalization (SNV) is used, which occurs due to spectral differences in particle size of solid samples, as it minimizes baseline shift variations. The review addressed important topics about the application of near-infrared spectroscopy in cocoa production and how genetic variability influences the results. Moreover, results reported by various researchers show that the main changes in composition are not only related to the variety but also to the geographic area and climatic conditions. It is worth noting that most cocoa varieties correspond to hybrid species and that current studies do not focus on existing clones, since hybridization of cocoa seeds frequently occurs due to incompatible species during pollination. Furthermore, the opportunities and different challenges presented by this technique in agriculture are discussed, not only in cocoa production but also in other grains, with the ultimate goal of providing information on the findings of various authors in determining quality parameters using nearinfrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and its current status as an analytical tool.Item Implementación de la técnica microextracción en gota simple para la determinación de nitrosaminas volátiles en vino por cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Caña Ortiz, Carolina; Bolañoz Gómez, Angela Yadira; Ríos Acevedo, Jhon Jairo (Director)N-nitrosamines (NAs) are very active carcinogens that have been detected in foods and beverages. Currently, certain studies report its presence in red wine, while others fail to detect its presence. In this study, the headspace single drop microextraction technique coupled to gas chromatographymass spectrometry (HS-SDME-GC-MS) was applied to quantify four NAs in different artisanal red wines. The technique is a simple, precise, fast and environmentally friendly alternative for the quantification of volatile NAs. An experimental design of the N+(N+1) type was carried out to optimize the parameters that favor the balance of the separation, 1-octanol was used as the extraction solvent, for a sample volume of 30mL, time. Sample temperature and speed were 60 min, 50°C and 300RPM respectively, no significant improvement was found when modifying the ionic strength of the sample. This is the first study in which an analysis of this type has been performed and in which NAms have been quantified in red wine using HS-SDME-GC-MS. The method was validated by calculating linearity, detection limit and quantification. Two of the four NAm analyzed were found to be present in one of the red wine samples.Item Implementación de una metodología para la identificación de dextrosa anhidra empacada en papel multilayer mediante el uso de tecnología Raman SORS, aplicada a la industria farmacéutica(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Benavides Ordoñez, Cristhian Mauricio; Ríos Acevedo, Jhon Jairo (Director)In this study, the implementation of a methodology for the qualitative analysis of Anhydrous Dextrose (D-glucose) packed in Kraft paper layers was carried out by using a Raman Rapid equipment with Raman SORS technology and 830 nm laser in a spectral range from 200 cm-1 to 1800 cm-1 . For this, five stages were carried out: spectrum feasibility, configuration for spectrum acquisition, construction, validation and verification of the specificity of the model. In the first phase, it was confirmed that the SORS spectrum obtained corresponded to Anhydrous Dextrose by contrasting it with spectra from the literature and database. In the second stage, an 8-second spectrum acquisition configuration was chosen as the most efficient, since it generated an average correlation of 0.998, an average signal-to-noise ratio of 16.2486, without atypical spectra (Outliers) or outside the correlation limit, and an average total acquisition time of 21.33 seconds. In the third phase the spectral model containing 119 spectra was constructed, this model was validated responding positively to Anhydrous Dextrose and negatively to the raw materials Mannitol and Sodium Chloride. Finally, specificity tests were performed, identifying 840 packages of two batches of dextrose with positive results (Pass) and responding negatively (Fail) to materials commonly used in the pharmaceutical company such as Mannitol, sodium chloride, calcium chloride dihydrate and Kraft paper (without dextrose).Item Implementación de una metodología potenciométrica como método alternativo al método general de la usp, para cuantificar aluminio y magnesio en un fármaco antiácido en suspensión(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2025) Benavides Arango, Miguel Ángel; Ríos Acevedo, Jhon Jairo (Director)The increase in gastric diseases, associated with poor eating habits and unhealthy lifestyles, has generated a growing need for effective treatments. The use of antacids is common to alleviate these disorders, but the quality and composition of these medications are crucial for their efficacy and safety. This article focuses on the development and optimization of a potentiometric technique for the quantification of aluminum and magnesium, metals present in many commercial antacids. The complexometric quantification methodology cited by the USP was initially implemented, and both techniques were validated within a linear range of 50% to 150%. The titrant data obtained were proportional to the analytical concentration of both aluminum and magnesium. High-precision results were achieved with relative deviations of around 0.4%, which are