Bioingeniería
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Browsing Bioingeniería by Author "Bermeo Varon, Leonardo Anfonio (Director)"
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Item Clasificación de señales de electroencefalografía para el control de movimientos de los miembros superiores(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Villamarin Pillimue, Daniel Stiven; Camues Mosquera, Miguel David; Bermeo Varon, Leonardo Anfonio (Director)The loss of upper limbs affects millions of people around the world, creating challenges in their daily lives and limiting their autonomy. New technologies, such as prostheses, are developed every year to improve communication between the user and their environment, contributing to a better quality of life. This study aims to create a system for classifying electroencephalography (EEG) signals of the opening, closing and resting movements of the right- and left-hand using machine learning techniques, seeking to improve the functionality of prostheses for amputees, with greater accuracy. For this purpose, EEG signals were collected using a real-time headset from 15 subjects, 13 typical without amputations and 2 atypical with amputations. Filtering methods, signal processing, time and frequency domain feature extraction were applied. The classifiers used were Random Forest and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN). The results indicate that Random Forest obtaining the best accuracy, greater than 80%. This study contributes to the advancement in the classification of EEG signals suitable for movement control in the implementation of upper limb prostheses, improving the quality of life of individuals by reducing mental workload and physical effort.Item Desarrollo de un dispositivo activo para la rehabilitación del codo.(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Collazos Sánchez, Alejandro; Martínez Noguera, Daniela Alejandra; Bermeo Varon, Leonardo Anfonio (Director)A biomechatronic device is a complement that helps or contributes to the proper functioning of any part of the body, depending on the pathology, to recover a lost function. Biomechatronic devices can be adapted to recover a certain function and a couple different tasks that can be used for rehabilitation. Designs are made to address pathologies, the designs are made to address pathologies, which implies that more than one device must be purchased to treat any pathology. Specifically, in the pathologies of epicondylitis and epitrochleitis, there are not many multifunctional devices that adopt more than one therapy. Besides they are of institutional use, which could generate non-attendance of the rehabilitation program. Thus, this work aims to develop a biomechatronic device that contributes to the rehabilitation of the elbow for people with epicondylitis and epitrochleitis. The Project has (i) preliminary specifications for the development of the active device to support the elbow rehabilitation process (ii) the 3D design of five different active devices that support the elbow rehabilitation process in terms of mobility, heat, and protection, and (iii) the construction of an active device chosen through a concept evaluation matrix, which allows performing elbow rehabilitation therapies from a selected design and (iv) evaluation of the device in people with epicondylitis and epitrochleitis. The results indicate that the device has a good reception with 80% of acceptability, 18% regular with the possibility of improvement, and 2% of rejection.Item Desarrollo de un dispositivo de reanimación cardiopulmonar en adultos para el aprendizaje de la técnica(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Rios Torrado, Santiago; Rengifo Rodriguez, Manuel Alejandro; Restrepo Duque, Miguel Angel; Bermeo Varon, Leonardo Anfonio (Director)Cardio-respiratory arrest (CRA) is a significant cause of mortality worldwide, characterized by the abrupt cessation of cardiac and respiratory activity. This interrupts blood flow and oxygen transport to the brain and other organs, which can lead to brain damage or death. This is why response time takes a decisive role for immediate medical attention. But is limited by the lack of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) education. Thus, in this work, an accessible and interactive device is developed for teaching CPR technique to adults, by means of a visual and auditory guide that indicates variables such as compression rate and depth to guide the user in an intuitive way, facilitating access to quality CPR training. The device was evaluated using the SUS scale (System Usability Scale), by an audience divided into 3 groups (i) health professionals, (ii) biomedical professionals and (iii) ordinary people, in order to obtain a broader view on aspects such as performance and ease of use. It was also accompanied by an evaluation that allowed for suggestions and opinions from the participant. The results indicated a mean of 76.76% on the SUS, indicating good usability and allowing practical and accessible learning. This prototype contributes to the strengthening of health education and has the potential to train anyone in CPR, significantly increasing survival rates in cases of cardiorespiratory arrest.Item Dispositivo para rehabilitación de rodilla frente a una ruptura de ligamentо cruzado anterior: apoyo enfocado en la primera fase de rehabilitación(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Gutiérrez Lemos, Ana Carolina; Peláez Arias, Shirley Dahiana; Bermeo Varon, Leonardo Anfonio (Director)The anterior cruciate ligament is one of the parts of the knee that is most affected when lower limb injuries occur. Most of these injuries are treated by surgery, which requires a post-surgical rehabilitation that consists of recovering the angle of movement during flexion of the joint. This rehabilitation phase is called the acute phase, where the physiotherapist indicates the rehabilitation angles subjectively. Due to this subjectivity, in this work a device is developed to assist the first phase of therapy following an anterior cruciate ligament injury, by flexion and extension of the joint at home. The device consists of an active orthosis with a degree of freedom where 10 minutes of therapy with two different angles of flexion and extension are programmed. Tests were performed on 11 healthy people, 1 person who suffered knee dislocation, 2 people with ligament reconstruction, and 1 person undergoing rehabilitation of anterior cruciate ligament injury. The results indicate that the device could contribute to acute-phase knee rehabilitation at home with a satisfaction level of 84%.