Terapia Respiratoria
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Item Efectividad de la Cánula nasal de alto flujo en Pacientes con Bronquiolitis: Revisión sistemática(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026) Carvajal Ceballes, Manuela Stefany; Cuaical Torres, Leidy Patricia; Riascos Rodríguez, Marling Gisella; Estupiñan Perez, Victor Rugo (Director)Bronchiolitis remains one of the leading causes of hospitalization in infants, and its respiratory management continues to pose a clinical challenge due to the lack of effective pharmacological therapies. In this context, the high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is proposed as a noninvasive support strategy that improves oxygenation, decreases respiratory effort, and reduces the need for therapeutic escalation. Due to the heterogeneity of published studies and the variability in reported clinical outcomes, this study aims to determine the effectiveness of HFNC in pediatric patients with bronchiolitis, compared with conventional oxygen therapy systems. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines and the Cochrane Handbook; the research protocol was registered in PROSPERO. We included randomized controlled trials published between January 2018 and June 2025, identified in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, and Cochrane Clinical Trials databases. Four independent reviewers conducted study selection and data extraction. The Rayyan tool was used for the management, organization, and selection of studies during the systematic review and meta-analysis process; its primary function was to streamline and ensure rigor in the search and selection phases. The risk of bias for each article was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool. Methodological quality was rated using the Jadad scale, and the certainty of the evidence was assessed according to GRADE guidelines. The following outcomes were analyzed: respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, respiratory severity scale (Wang score, Wood dones), hospital stay, escalation of ventilatory support.Item Estado actual de los factores de riesgo cardiovasculares y metabólicos(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Loango Hurtado, Yoidy Mileidy; Loango Chamorro, Dania Zuleiyi; Giraldo Riascos, Juan Manuel; Ramírez Correa, Cesar Augusto (Asesor)Item Efectividad de la terapia de aumento de alfa-1 antitripsina en pacientes con EPOC y deficiencia enzimática: una revisión sistemática y un metaanálisis actualizado de ensayos clínicos(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2025) Gaitán Sánchez, María Ximena; Idrobo Mancilla, Gabriela; Plaza, Lina Fernanda; Cruz Mosquera, Freiser Eceomo (Director)Item Ventilación mecánica no invasiva(2025) Valencia Valencia, Linda Zoey; Cera Murillo, Daina Michel; Torres Leyton, Luz Adriana; Carrero Gallego, Diana Alejandra (Directora)This chapter addresses the development and implementation of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) as an important therapy in the management of patients with respiratory failure, exploring the technological advances that have allowed NIV to be an effective alternative to invasive mechanical ventilation, highlighting its benefits in terms of reduced complications in clinical procedures, improvements in patient comfort, and decreased hospital stays. In addition to the above, the chapter presents the different devices and modes of ventilation used in NIV, such as continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and bilevel positive airway pressure (BIPAP), describing their clinical indications and contraindications, mechanisms of action, and application techniques. The impact of NIV on different patient populations is also discussed, from those with chronic respiratory diseases to those facing acute respiratory failure. Finally, case studies and clinical evidence are presented that underline how NIV can improve outcomes in pediatric patients with respiratory complications.Item Eficacia de la rehabilitación y el entrenamiento físico en pacientes con fibrosis quística: Revisión sistemática y metanálisis de ensayos clínicos(2025) Hinestroza Mancilla, Angie Melissa; Ararat Carabali, Naudy Yulisa; Pérez Ordóñez, Lina Manuela; Rios Murillo, Saray (Directora)Item Efectividad de las herramientas tecnológicas para el automanejo del asma: Revisión sistemática(2025) Choco Mezu, Laura Daniela; Mina Rojas, Stephania; Paz González, María Paula; Perlaza, Claudia Lorena (Directora)Item Modo presión soporte en pediatría(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2025) Hernández Rozo, Dayana; Quiñonez Mosquera, Gizeth Tatiana; Pombo Caicedo, Laura Isabella; Rodríguez Gómez, Yolima (Directora)Pressure support ventilation (PSV) has emerged as a fundamental tool in ventilatory support in the neonatal and pediatric population, due to its ability to facilitate spontaneous breathing, reduce the risk of lung injury associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation, and improve patient-ventilator synchronization. The proper application of this mode requires experts for the programming of parameters in vulnerable pediatric populations such as neonates, premature infants, or patients with PARDS.Item Oxímetro de pulso de bajo costo para pacientes de programas de atención domiciliaria(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Villada Velasco, Nicolle Dayency; Benividez Castillo, Eddy Fabian; Garces Sierra, Sonia Saray; Naranjo Rojas, Anisbed (Asesora)Item Impacto en un programa de rehabilitación pulmonar en pacientes adultos con diagnostico post COVID-19(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Mejía Ladino, Miguel Alfonso; Carrero, Diana Alejandra (Asesora); Rodríguez Gómez, Yolima (Asesora)The current pandemic had a great impact on global health, which was characterized by its respiratory symptoms and its great contagion capacity, this infection is caused by the SARS-COV-19 virus, although it has been shown that the 80% of patients do not require medical treatment, 15% develop a serious illness and require oxygen and 5% reach a critical state and require intensive care, likewise the World Health Organization (WHO) defined the POST COVID-19 syndrome such as the persistence of clinical signs and symptoms that arise during or after suffering from COVID-19. For this reason, the objective of this study is to identify the impact on a pulmonary rehabilitation program in adult patients with a POST COVID-19 diagnosis in a health institution in the city of Cali treated during the period 2021-2022. A search was carried out in the Pubmed, Google academic, Refseek and Medline databases, we carried out a study with an analytical observational longitudinal design, which has taken the review of 24 medical records of POST COVID-19 patients as the main source for the analysis. beneficiaries of the pulmonary rehabilitation program of the Occidente clinic in Cali. it is evident that 82% of the patients had smoked, which is a risk factor for them, taking into account the repercussions of cigarette smoke on the lungs and additionally having had a respiratory disease such as COVID-19. It is also evident that 57% of the patients had home oxygen. Likewise, it is of interest that more than half, 70% of the patients, were hospitalized during the COVID-19 infection and that 63% of these patients were hospitalized for between 4 and 29 days. This data reveals that these patients They had a moderate-severe stage of the disease.Item Variabilidad en la administración de surfactante: Una revisión de alcance(2023) Espinosa Valencia, Juan David; Rengifo Rincón, María Paula; Carrero, Diana Alejandra (Asesora)Introduction: Pulmonary surfactant is an indispensable surfactant for the proper performance of the respiratory system, it is known to be composed of 90% phospholipids, 70% of this lipid portion is attributed to dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, which is considered the most important phospholipid in the surfactant. The remaining 10% of the surfactant is composed of the specific proteins SP-A, SP-B, SP-C and SP-D (1). The functions of the pulmonary surfactant system have also been described: reduces surface tension, facilitates lung expansion, stabilizes the terminal airways (2), prevents alveolar collapse, reduces interfacial stress, promotes acinar micromechanics, optimizes lung biophysics (3), modulates the inflammatory response, fulfills immunomodulatory, antifungal, antibacterial, Currently, in spite of being a procedure widely extended to different populations and pathologies, there is little evidence that unifies the guidelines for its universal use; this information is almost completely limited to the recommendations given by the respective medical houses of each surfactant. Consensus and proposals have been made that guide the administration of exogenous surfactant (12 16) but do not conclude when comparing the efficacy of each one to choose the most effective. Objective: To identify the variability in the guidelines for exogenous surfactant administration. Method: A scoping review focused on the evidence on the use of guidelines for surfactant administration with the parameters of the PRISMA scale and PPC (Population, concept and context) Population: Humans with surfactant deficiency. Concept: Surfactant administration. Context: Simulated and clinical settings. The search was executed in thirteen databases including articles in Spanish and second language between 2018 and 2023, articles where the name or dose of pulmonary surfactant is evidenced, articles evidencing surfactant administration in simulated and clinical settings excluding narrative reviews, gray literature and studies of which a complete version is not obtained for economic reasons. Search strategies were implemented in the thirteen databases including eadings (MeSH) and descriptors in Health Sciences (Desc), with the aim of maximizing the possibility of identifying relevant literature during the crawl using the Boolean operators "AND" and "OR" combined with the Spanish and English terms "Simulation" "Surfactant" "lung" "clinical". Results: A total of 755 articles were identified, of which 3 were chosen for the scoping review. Great variability was found when administering the surfactant in each study since 2 of them did not adhere to any guide and the specification of each step was reduced, the third, unlike the others, proposed a new guide for the administration of surfactant. However, it is not established globally. Conclusion: Currently there is no unified guide for the administration of exogenous pulmonary surfactant, so it is completely limited to the guidelines of the manufacturers of each surfactant, but as evidenced in this study these guidelines are not followed to the letter, which generates diversity in the administration techniques and increases the possibility of varying the effectiveness of the surfactant, so it is essential to develop global guidelines that instruct the administration of this drug.Item Aplicación móvil para el seguimiento de pacientes con EPOC y oxigenoterapia domiciliaria vs pacientes con EPOC con seguimiento de oxigenoterapia convencional(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Arboleda Florez, Heidy Yuliani; Castro Casanova, Gianella; Murrillo Valverde, Sandra Liliana; Naranjo Rojas, Anisbed (Asesora); Cruz Mosquera, Freiser Eceomo (Asesor)Introduction: Currently, as post-modernity advances, there is evidence of a remarkable change in health systems towards clinical care through technological tools, which have had a wide growth in their applicability reaching to encompass the health sector, where they allow to change and improve the pattern of health services by turning to administrative processes such as data collection, epidemiological surveillance, health promotion and disease prevention. These new tools, commonly called e-Health, encompass a range of services that seek to improve health care, including telemedicine and mobile applications (App) in health. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a mobile application in the monitoring of patients with COPD and home oxygen therapy vs. patients with COPD with monitoring of conventional oxygen therapy. Method: Non-pharmacological clinical trial with two 3-month follow-up arms (mobile app versus conventional respiratory therapy management), in which the efficacy of a mobile application for monitoring patients with home oxygen therapy linked to 4 home care centers in the city of Cali and Palmira during the year 2023 was evaluated. Results: A total of 41 patients were included, of which 20 belonged to the intervention group (implementation of the mobile App) and 21 to the control group (conventional follow-up). After evaluating the results obtained from the implementation of the CAT questionnaire at the beginning of the follow-up, it is found that there are no statistically or clinically significant differences between groups (mobile App: 24.7±10 vs. 28.7±7 p= 0.160). However, with reference to the Borg dyspnea score we find a gradual reduction of the same when comparing within the group of subjects who were followed up with the mobile App (p=0.021). Conclusions: The adoption of an App in the follow-up of patients with COPD and home oxygen therapy, has achieved so far a positive impact on users and health professionals since it has favored in the continuous monitoring of patients remotely, optimizing time in home visits and has encouraged the patient to recognize the need to take ownership of their pathology. Conclusions: The adoption of an App in the follow-up of patients with COPD and home oxygen therapy has so far had a positive impact on users and health professionals since it has favored the continuous monitoring of patients from a distance, optimizing time in home visits and has encouraged the patient to recognize the need to take ownership of their pathology.Item Efectos de la cánula nasal de alto flujo en pacientes con EPOC: Revisión exploratoria de la literatura(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Giron Pulgarin, Daniela Andrea; Solarte Ceballos, Mariana; Molina Alvarez, Alba Nidia; Cruz Mosquera, Freiser Eceomo (Asesor)Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is a disease that affects millions of people worldwide, causing airflow limitation and symptoms such as shortness of breath. Objective: The main objective is to analyze, based on the medical literature, the effects of HFNC in patients with exacerbations of COPD. Methodology: An exploratory review of the literature was carried out following the PRISMA-SCR criteria. We searched the Science Direct, Pubmed, and SCOPUS databases for studies that evaluated the effects of the High Flow Nasal Cannula. Inaccessible studies were excluded and the quality of the selected articles was assessed. Relevant data was recorded and analyzed. Results. The review of 10 studies indicates that the use of the High Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) led to a reduction in chronic hypoxemic respiratory failure in individuals affected by Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease In addition, a favorable impact will be detected in the reduction of hospitalizations and the attenuation of symptoms in patients with COPD together with hypoxic insufficiency. Conclusion. According to the bibliographic review, it is observed that the use of the High Flow Nasal Cannula has a stabilizing effect in patients suffering from COPD and presenting persistent hypoxic and hypercapnic failures, especially with respect to PaCO2 levels, the frequency of exacerbations and the number. of hospitalizationsItem Escalas de valoración pediátrica PRAM y Wood Downes: Para qué son útiles(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Cuenú Cuero, Vanessa; Ceballos Paz, Ruth Ester; Hernández Caicedo, Jessica Tatiana; Estupiñán Pérez, Víctor Hugo (Director)The pediatric assessment scales PRAM and WOOD DOWNES are useful tools for the assessment of respiratory diseases respiratory distress in pediatric emergency rooms and hospitalization, allowing to know the degree of severity of respiratory distress, in this way to be able to carry out timely management either in the establishment of oxygen therapy or respiratory support. Objective: The objective of this review is to know the use of the PRAM and WOOD DOWNES scales in patients with broncho-obstructive components, such as asthma, in addition to identifying the similarity between them. Methodology: For the research, a literary review was carried out, for which the PICO method was used, from which the study objectives were obtained, the bibliographic search was carried out in the databases: Cochrane, Scopus, PubMed. The inclusion criteria were taken into account as articles from 2014, population age 3-17 years, in Spanish, English; These were cleaned in duplicates, excluded because they did not provide access, by titles and after reading their abstract, leaving 13 articles that met the criteria. Results: 1,529 studies found in the databases were identified, of which 12 were selected that met the selection criteria, these were reviewed in a complete way. Conclusion: The PRAM AND WOOD DOWNES scales can be used in patients with asthma and / or bronchiolitis, as well as in patients who have non-invasive oxygen support, the PRAM scale is more used in asthmatic patients, while the WOOD DOWNES is in patients with bronchiolitis.Item Rehabilitación pulmonar en niños con diagnóstico de fibrosis quística(2021) Daza Molina, Mabel Melisa; Díaz Melo, Nhazly Yhuliana; Cruz Mosquera, Freiser Eceomo (Director)Item Efectividad de la cánula nasal de alto flujo en el manejo de bronquiolitis(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Landazury, Leonela Yiseth; Valencia, Adelaida Carolina; Estupiñan Pérez, Víctor Hugo (Director)Introduction: The High Flow Nasal Cannula has been positioned as a useful tool when performing interventions in pediatric patients with Low Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) such as bronchiolitis, reducing the risk of intubation and reintubation. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of the High Flow Nasal Cannula (CNAF) in the treatment of patients with bronchiolitis by reviewing the literature. Methodology: A bibliographic search of English language articles, articles indexed in journals from 2015 on, was carried out in the LILACS, MEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus, ScienceDirect databases, taking into account the key words: Bronchiolitis, Nasal Cannula, Effectiveness, Treatment. Using the AND and OR operators. Inclusion criteria: studies with quantitative methodology, bibliographic, observational and systematic reviews. Exclusion Criteria: studies that did not have access to the full text, those that did not meet the inclusion criteria, bronchiolitis with heart disease, congenital pathologies, genetic diseases and neurological disorders. Results: The number of articles found in the databases respectively were: LILACS (23), MEDLINE (25), Cochrane (30), Scopus (42), ScienceDirect (32). Records examined (152), pre-selected records (20), excluded records (147), selected articles (5), articles excluded due to: bronchiolitis with heart disease, other respiratory diseases, years prior to 2015. Conclusions: Although the high-flow nasal cannula (CNAF) is a device widely used today for the management of bronchiolitis in pediatric patients in emergency departments and intensive care units, more studies are required to guarantee a greater degree of effectiveness in the intervention.Item Efectividad de la combinación cánula nasal de alto flujo y pronación en pacientes con COVID-19: Revisión rápida de la literatura(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Cantero Cedano, Laura Marcela; Castaño Giraldo, Mateo; Bolaños Tamayo, Yury; Cruz Mosquera, Freiser (Director)Introduction: the combination of a high-flow nasal cannula and pronation is avaluable management alternative for patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure due to COVID-19; despite the above, the articles that synthesize the evidence in this regard is scarce. Objective: establish the efficacy of the high-flow nasal cannula and pronation in patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure due to COVID-19. Methodology: a quick literature review was performed of the literature that included research of any design, published in Spanish, English and Portuguese in the period January-November 2020, in which the efficacy of the high-flow nasal cannula associated with pronation in patients with COVID-19. The searchwas carried out in the Pubmed, SCOPUS and Science Direct databases using the terms “High-Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen” Or “High-Flow Oxygen Theraphy” And “Prone Position” And “Critical Care” And “COVID-19”. Results: Of545 articles found in the initial review, a total of 4 were included in the final analysis. Most of the studies demonstrated that the combination of CNAF and pronation represents a significant improvement in clinical values such as PaO2/FiO2, SaO2, PaO2, respiratory rate, need for intubation and time of evolution. Conclusion: the high-flow nasal cannula associated with the prone position contributes to the clinical evolution of patients with COVID-19, producing significant improvement in clinical values such as PaO2/FiO2, SaO2, PaO2, respiratory rate, need for intubation and time of evolution.Item Estudio SARS COV-2 2021(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Rosas Rodriguez, Karen Lisset; Lara Echeverry, Ana Isabel (Directora)Item Manifestaciones neurológicas en pacientes con COVID-19: Revisión de la literatura a partir de una base de datos(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Velásquez Cuero, Daniela; Cruz Mosquera, Freiser Eceomo (Director)Introduction: COVID-19 is an infectious disease reported for the first time in late 2019 in the city of Wuhan-China. Although the clinical manifestations associated with this condition are closely related to the respiratory system, mild neurological symptoms have been reported and in some cases, complications or sequelae of considerable severity. Objective: to describe the manifestations and complications of the nervous system associated with COVID-19 according to the medical literature. Methodology: a literature review was carried out between June and July 2021. Studies of any design published between January 2020 - April 2021 in Spanish, English and Portuguese were included, in which the manifestations were evaluated. clinical and neurological complications associated with COVID-19. The search was carried out in the Pubmed databases using the terms "COVID-19" "complication" and "neurological manifestations" Results: A total of 556 were found in the initial search, of which 20 were included for the final analysis. Among the mild clinical manifestations associated with the disease were headache, anosmia and ageusia. On the other hand, severe neurological complications such as encephalopathies, cerebrovascular accidents and multiple microbleeds were reported. Conclusion: COVID-19 is a condition that is not only associated with respiratory disorders, it can also produce a wide range of neurological manifestations and complications, the frequency and severity of which should continue to be studied.Item Variables que determinan la diferencia del consumo de oxígeno entre estudiantes sanos y deportistas, en una institución de educación superior, año 2021(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Bravo Zamora, Karen; Díaz García, Natalia Andrea; Endo Collazos, Nayibe (Directora); Ramirez Correa, Cesar A. (Asesor)Item Factores de riesgo para displasia broncopulmonar en recién nacidos pre-término según la literatura científica(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Alvarez Lopez, Karen Liceth; Ruiz Neira, Jessica Lorena; Perlaza, Claudia Lorena (Directora)Introduction: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, a chronic lung disease resulting from multiple factors in addition to immaturity, which results in decreased airway growth. However, multiple factors influence the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Objective: To determine risk factors that influence the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in the preterm newborn. Methods: Rapid literature review, of studies published in 2015 to 2020, in a search of 6 databases. Results: Thirty-six articles were analyzed for the complete review, all of which met the inclusion criteria plus the contribution of scientific evidence, obtaining relevant information on the risk factors associated with its development. Conclusions: The risk factors related to bronchopulmonary dysplasia, according to the literature are low birth weight, being less than 37 weeks, chorioamnionitis, sepsis, mechanical ventilation, among others.