Facultad de Ingeniería

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Accesibilidad espacial desde los barrios a las Instituciones Educativas Oficiales del distrito de Buenaventura
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023-11-02) Guerrero Leudo, Andres Felipe; Orozco Ordoñez, Iván
This study addresses accessibility to public educational institutions in Buenaventura, Colombia, using four measurement methods. Despite the importance of education as a fundamental right, challenges are identified in terms of its accessibility in this region, marked by the Afro-descendant and indigenous population and high levels of poverty. Accessibility is assessed using isochronous, Hansen, Hansen population-adjusted indicators and Integral Route Factor. The results reveal that the majority of the population lives in areas with a regular road network, which facilitates accessibility to official educational institutions. However, there is a disparity in accessibility, with the central neighborhoods being the most accessible and the peripheral neighborhoods and in the western area the least accessible due to the lack of nearby educational centers. In addition, areas with different levels of mobility to official educational institutions are identified. The analysis also shows relationships between accessibility indicators, such as the correlation between Hansen and Hansen adjusted for population. However, no significant association was found between Hansen and the Integral Route Factor. This study offers valuable considerations and conclusions to guide policies that promote equality and access to education in Buenaventura. The quality of the road infrastructure is highlighted as a key factor in accessibility, and it is emphasized that a high accessibility index does not guarantee quick access to educational centers if the necessary services are not offered.
Acciones propuestas como política pública en el sector minero para contribuir al desarrollo sostenible
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Colorado Guzmán, Lina Victoria; Salazar Calvache, Oscar Andres
This article presents the actions that the country’s public policy proposes to contribute to the fulfillment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of Agenda 2030 that promote environmental sustainability in the mining sector. The Colombian Government, by proposing the extractivist model as one of the main drivers of economic growth in the country; intensifies the environmental challenges to be overcome in the mining industry; which must be considered as a critical factor in the definition of sector policies. As a result, extractive activities seek to align with the country’s green growth policies, through the integration of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of Agenda 2030 which offer an objective vision and give an opportunity to modify the paradigms of the sector.
Actividades humanas que generan el cambio climático y sus consecuencias a nivel global
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2016) Alvarado Manrique, Labriana; García Gómez, Henry
Acuerdos, negociaciones e instrumentos sobre cambio climático
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Castellanos Landazábal, Mabel Yineth; Bernal Suarez, Diana Paola
The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the agreements and conventions that affect global climate change and how this affects developing countries like ours, as well as an introduction on how the globalization aspect expands the appropriation of policies and mechanisms that seek to mitigate and provide some kind of solution to the effects caused by greenhouse gas emissions that cause so much damage to the planet; Some policies and conventions are mentioned, such as the United Nations Framework on Climate Change, which has been able to advance the critical issues despite the refusal mainly of some developed countries, in the same sense there are discrepancies even in the way of economic valuation of the environment and the methodologies used for it. It is notable that the environmental proposals have generated some kind of social and economic impact, the outlook for Colombia is incipient and the challenge is to achieve the adaptation of the policies, instruments and mechanisms of climate change consistent with the economic development and environmental sustainability.
Adaptación de modelos de ciudades sostenibles e inteligentes para Santiago de Cali
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Reina Espinosa, Carolina; Salazar Calvache, Oscar Andrés
Las ciudades de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC) son protagonistas de uno de los procesos de crecimiento demográfico más significativos que ha vivido el planeta, con grandes consecuencias para la sostenibilidad, la calidad de vida y la competitividad de la región. Hacer frente a estos retos supone una evolución en el ámbito de la gobernanza y la toma de decisiones, así como el uso cada vez más eficiente de los recursos de nuestras ciudades, con miras a emprender una gestión inteligente. Teniendo en cuenta esta situación, los expertos a nivel mundial concluyen que las ciudades bien gestionadas a nivel socioeconómico, de seguridad y de medio ambiente ofrecen excelentes oportunidades. En este contexto, las ciudades inteligentes están concebidas para la sostenibilidad y el ahorro energético, pero también orientada a la eficacia en la transmisión del conocimiento, sin importar si son grandes o pequeñas urbes. El interés de este artículo es observar algunos casos de éxito de modelos de ciudades inteligentes y sostenibles a nivel global, latinoamericano y local, enfocados en materia de transporte público, tránsito, seguridad y medio ambiente, para así diagnosticar el estado actual de la ciudad de Santiago de Cali en estos aspectos y proponer la implementación de algunos modelos que han sido exitosos. Las ciudades latinoamericanas aún tienen un largo camino por recorrer para llegar a la "inteligencia". Claramente, se necesita un diagnóstico más completo a nivel de la ciudad para complementar y validar o rechazar algunas de las conclusiones. Pero parece que la información disponible es lo suficientemente buena como para trasladar la carga de la prueba a los administradores de la ciudad. El análisis identifica claramente algunas dimensiones en las que cada ciudad debe centrarse para poder aprovechar al máximo los recursos de los que disfruta y lograr lo que las mejores prácticas internacionales definen como gestión inteligente de la ciudad.
Administración de la cadena de suministros y gestión comercial en Alimentos Cárnicos del Grupo Nutresa
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Arias Cárdenas, Luis Miguel
This article presents the different strategic models that make up a supply chain for different types of businesses, focused on the mass consumption sector, for this case in the company Alimentos Cárnicos of Grupo Nutresa. We will identify easily and practically the design within the chain, the links that compose it and its macro processes, from suppliers, supplies, supplies, distribution channels, storage, inventory control, and transportation, to the relationship that is has with the commercial objectives, accompanied by the strategies proposed by the marketing department, which makes the supply chain more successful in its strategic plan and profitability and agility objectives in the market. We will share success stories and lessons learned in the organization with regard to the administration of the supply chain and the new approach that is currently being worked on at the national level with the company's human and administrative resources.
Afectación del medio ambiente por la actividad de los lavaderos de autos y motos en la Ciudad de Sincelejo
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2016) Armando Martin, Nieto Castaño; García Gómez, Henry
The activity of washing cars and motorcycles in the city of Sincelejo environmental problems are generated, which have not been evaluated and are developing these activities without control and in many cases illegal activity, as there washing cars and motorcycles They not properly registered or certified to perform these activities. Therefore, it is paramount conducting an environmental impact assessment that produce these laundries in order to take appropriate measures to prevent the harmful effects that may occur with these activities and minimize those already being produced. This research aims to determine the quality and quantity of environmental factors affected by the activity of car washes and motorbikes in the city of Sincelejo As a theoretical framework for research has a framework on the themes The Environmental Impact Assessment (IA) and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), with their respective sub-themes. The research is descriptive, determining a representative sample of car washes and legalized bikes in the city, which will perform a checkup from a descriptive list and used as techniques direct observation and unstructured interviews , which is expected to reach the objectives. With the results are expected to provide a tool that although not directly solve the problem, if you can design and implement strategies to maximize the benefits and minimize unwanted impacts with this activity.
Agricultura sostenible como alternativa de control y mitigación de impactos ambientales
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Salas Chávez, Wilson Rafael; Grueso Casquete, Simón; Bernal Suárez, Diana Paola
Agriculture is one of the most important global production activities, it ensures food security for all worldwide population, providing sustain to 65% of low income population at global scale. At 2050, world population will increase 20-30%, and the agricultural production shall increase about a 60%. Although the goodness provided for socio economic development offered by agriculture for the population, its traditional practice has created several environmental impacts to the ecosystemic systems offered by water, soil and air, among which water overexploitation, eutrophication by diffuse pollution, pathogens and emergent pollutants introduction to water and food chain, soil erosion, deforestation and increase of greenhouse gases emission can be highlighted. However, agriculture will remain one of the fundamental activities for wellbeing, socio economic development at global scale, reason for which in necessary a change in the paradigm towards sustainable agriculture, that guarantees global food security and economic development, mitigating to a large degree the environmental impacts caused by traditional agriculture. In the present review article, it is described the fundamental aspects of organic agriculture, climate-smart agriculture, urban agriculture and precision agriculture, that are already been implemented in Colombia, as sustainable alternatives that allow reconciliation between agricultural socio economic development, the ecosystem and biodiversity preservation worldwide contributing to achieve the sustainable development goals in the year 2030.
Alternativas para el aprovechamiento de residuos sólidos: revisión de literatura
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Benavides Acosta, Melissa; Vargas Vasques, Jhon Edward
In the world, the management of solid waste has represented a problem due to the high volumes generated; when the management of these is not adequate, it can affect the health of citizens and the environment. Currently a large percentage of the world population uses traditional fuels for domestic use, despite the important socio-economic and technological development. Thus, it is necessary to find alternative sources of energy before all fossil fuel reserves are exhausted, in addition to finding a solution to the growing production and elimination of solid municipal waste, one of the most viable is adopting the waste system to energy (WTE) that can be considered as a potential source of alternative energy, which is economically viable and environmentally sustainable. The present study reviewed the current global scenario of technological options of WTE (incineration, pyrolysis, gasification, anaerobic digestion and filling with gas recovery) for the effective recovery of energy and all the challenges faced by developed countries and development path. This review will help policymakers and implementing authorities involved to improve policies and protocols used in waste disposal. This review concluded that WTE is a possible source of renewable energy, which will partly cover the demand for energy and guarantee an adequate management of solid municipal waste
Análisis de las herramientas de administración de negocios en la industria farmacéutica
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2018) Giraldo Aricapa, Angélica
In Colombia there are more than 200 companies that belong to the pharmaceutical sector, together, more than 5,900 million pesos in annual sales, and contributed 2.5% of the GDP of the country (ANDI, 2016), however, the figures available in the ANDI, it is easy to identify that this market, account for a group of companies, in which major multinationals, which forces the Colombian companies to fidget and be competitive, forcing himself in this way to generate strategies that combine the compliance requirements of the industry and the administrative tools of the business to stay in the market, which is characterized by its high standards of quality control (Resolution 1160, 2016) and the Competition (Angell, 2004). In the present document shows the statistics of the pharmaceutical sector and the tactical and operational strategic factors of the business, the challenges it faces, the external circumstances which affect the strategies employed in this industry at the national level and other tools that could be applied in the administration of other companies in the sector, such as lean sigma and BPM, becoming a guide that explains the operation of the national pharmaceutical sector administrators or managers who are faced for the first time to this branch of the industry.
Análisis de alternativas de cultivos complementarios a la papa en dos fincas de la vereda el guamal (subachoque)
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Puerto Diaz, Jaime Arturo; Salazar Calvache, Oscar Andrés
The growing need to provide abundant and quality food forces the farmer to adapt their customs and production dynamics, in order to improve the productivity of their land, it is proposed to opt for complementary crops to the potato (priority product of the village), trough growing and harvesting a series of foods compatible with the climatic, productive and economic conditions of the region. The exercise is carried out in two farms located in the El Guamal village of the municipality of Subachoque, Cundinamarca, which perfectly represent the productive and social customs of the region, thanks to the disposition of their owners and caretakers, this proposal will come true according to the times of each crop. In this way and respecting the customs of the farmers, their socio-economic conditions and the ability to recover and use of the land of that region will be gradually improved.
Análisis de cambios de coberturas en dos áreas de compensación forestal ubicadas en los municipios de la Cumbre y Dagua en el departamento del Valle del Cauca durante los años 2013, 2014 y 2020
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Pérez Durán, Igor Ephanor; Melo Vargas, Andrés Felipe
Coverage layers were generated on two lands in forest compensation called Villa María in the municipality of Dagua and also the Santa Fe estate in the municipality of La Cumbre, department of Valle del Cauca - Colombia. Coverages were generated for March 2020 (both properties), for December 2013 (Villa María) and August 2014 (Santa Fe) applying a supervised classification and implementing the Corine land cover classification legend adjusted for Colombia (CLC Colombia). In addition to updating coverage to 2020, a comparison was made with the periods 2013 and 2014, which were the initial years of the beginning of these compensations, and through this comparison the increase or decrease in coverage generated by the implementation of the compensation measure focused mainly on a forest restoration strategy. It could be determined that during the multitemporal analysis period (6-7 years) Increases in grassland coverings occurred mainly in exchange for a decrease in grassland-type coverings. However, there were increases in unwanted coverage in the processes of plant succession as the case of increased fern coverage, while for some sectors there was a decrease in tree cover. In this way, 50% of the areas developed positive changes that contribute positively to achieving more advanced successional states, but between 40% and 43% present a stagnation or deterioration in the desired process of plant succession, so it is recommended to implement measures to eradicate unwanted cover (mainly fern), planting of pioneer species and high-density afforestation in sectors with low changes in cover.
Análisis de conectividad espacial entre las áreas protegidas del sistema nacional de áreas protegidas SINAP de una región del sistema Kárstico en el flanco oriental de la Cordillera Central en el Magdalena Medio Colombiano
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Sánchez Toro, Elizabeth Cristina; Melo Vargas, Andrés Felipe
Protected areas in Colombia represent a strategic component for the maintenance of ecosystem services, therefore it is necessary to maintain dispersion, movement and genetic flow between natural areas, with the goal of guaranteeing the permanence over time of the essential natural resources for the permanence of life on earth. Consequently, the present study aims to establish the status of the connectivity of the natural áreas of the Karstic system located on the easterm flank of the Magdalena Medio Colombiano, base don estimates using the “Conefor” and ArcGis 10.2. programs. This analysis shows that protected áreas with different conservation figures are crucial to maintain conectivity between natural áreas by establishing the least cost route for dispersal, movement and genetic flow of species in general.
Análisis de correlación entre los incrementos de valor m2 dados por la dinámica inmobiliaria y los incrementos establecidos por el conpes del año 2020 al 2023 en la comuna 17 de Santiago de Cali.
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024-08-16) Ramírez, Diana Maritza; Tovar, Lina María; Escalante Caicedo, Ana Bely
The cadastre in our country has maintained a purely fiscal focus and does not fully meet expectations as a fundamental input for better planning and territorial management. Updating the Property Valuation Index will allow for the evaluation of the percentage appreciation of urban residential properties and make adjustments for cadastral appraisals, knowing that the Property Valuation Index is the annual reference of the National Council for Economic Policy (CONPES) for the increase of cadastral appraisals. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the dynamics of the real estate market by comparing the values established by regulation with the real estate supply. Using the information provided by the real estate observatory of the cadastre sub-directorate, the study analyzed Commune 17 of the city of Santiago de Cali in the Valle del Cauca department (Colombia) from 2020 to 2023. This included a descriptive and spatial analysis of the real estate dynamics, highlighting hot spots, local G analysis, interpolation, and predictive simple kriging (QGIS). This analysis revealed significant variations in the square meter value of real estate offerings compared to those established by CONPES.
Análisis de factibilidad para la localización de las centrales eléctricas con las energías renovables eólica y/o solar en el Valle del Cauca
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024-04-26) Lemos Garcia, Natalia; Rojas Carvajal, Sharon Andrea; Escalante Caicedo, Ana Bely
This study focuses on conducting a feasibility analysis to determine the suitable location for solar and wind power plants in the Valle del Cauca region. The methodology employed integrated Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Multicriteria Analysis, highlighting the importance of weighting critical variables in the process of identifying optimal locations. The methodology involved defining and weighting specific selection and restriction criteria for each type of power plant. The application of map algebra facilitated the identification of ideal zones for the installation of power plants utilizing solar or wind resources, establishing a threshold of equal to or greater than 0.9 to determine optimal areas. This approach revealed that the ideal areas for solar power plants are in the north-central region of the department. Additionally, it was identified that the Valle del Cauca lacks the necessary conditions for the installation of large-scale wind farms. This study underscores the viability of harnessing renewable sources, particularly solar energy, in identified specific areas. However, it highlights the challenges and limitations associated with optimal location for large-scale wind farms in the region, emphasizing the need to consider both the energy generation potential and the geographic restrictions and infrastructure criteria when planning renewable energy projects in the Valle del Cauca.
Análisis de Factores Relacionados con la Deserción de Estudiantes de Programas Profesionales en una Institución de Educación Superior de Santiago de Cali
(2023) Ordoñez Arisitzabal, Leiny Dayana; Ivan Orozco Ordoñez
Desertion is understood as the early departure of a student from his program, institution or system and is considered one of the main problems facing institutions and governments since it generates negative consequences for the actors involved. That is why you must take actions for student retention, within these actions, one of the first is to know the context of the phenomenon that is happening. According to this, the objective of the present research is to identify those factors related to the dropout of students from professional programs of a public institution of Higher Education of the city of Santiago de Cali having as sample students enrolled between periods 2019-1 to 2022-2. The study required a series of stages for its development starting by documenting the information necessary for the development of research such as documentary information and study data (5166 records), a second phase where applied research was carried out with the construction of a predictive model using logistic regression, which allowed determining the variables that at the individual level have the greatest influence on the decision to defect, which allowed to have a predictive capacity of 0.70. Among the results that stand out from the research is the economic aspect, which within the institution is not one of the variables that influence an individual’s decision to leave his studies
Análisis de la cadena de valor en el centro logístico de despachos de motocicletas Honda
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2017) Morante Gomez, John Fredy; Morzola Ovalle, Emiro Jose; Rubiano Ovalle, Oscar
With this work, an analysis of the value chain in the dispatch area corresponding to a Honda motorcycle logistics center was carried out, and to identify possible waste and bottlenecks that exist in the current process. Through the objectives it was possible to visualize what is intended to be achieved in this work and through justification the need to carry out the research is raised. The theoretical framework shows the tools that exist to address the objectives and also defined the tool to be used, later the methodology to be used throughout the work was shown in detail and, finally, a series was deployed From conclusions and recommendations to the company, everything was addressed through an established schedule
Análisis de la distribución espacial de los datos de ocurrencia de Movimientos en Masa en Santiago de Cali, caso Comuna 20, en el periodo 2019 a 2021.
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023-02-21) Ramírez Calderón, Luis Andeimer; Rojas Montes, Javier Salvador
The Analysis of the spatial distribution of the data on the occurrence of Mass Movements makes it possible to identify their distribution through the application of spatial statistical tools for the analysis of patterns. The materialization of the phenomenon brings with it different social, physical and economic problems. Therefore, this article aims to make visible from a geographical perspective the occurrence of the phenomenon through the identification of the spatial distribution with the data provided by the Secretariat of Emergency and Disaster Risk Management of Santiago de Cali between the years 2019 to 2021. , case of Commune 20. With the data shared by the institution, a spatial analysis was carried out: autocorrelation and spatial patterns, in contrast to the zoning of threat and risk mitigable by mass movements of the official information of the current Land Management Plan. Spatial autocorrelation makes it possible to determine the degree of association (influence) that a geographic phenomenon presents between the defined analysis units, considering its vicinity and explaining the behavior and distribution of the phenomenon within the geographic framework. The results obtained with the application of spatial autocorrelation techniques allow the identification of a conformed spatial structure. This article is an important input for decision-making in relation to prevention and risk reduction actions.
Análisis de la Fitorremediación como alternativa eficaz para remover el mercurio de aguas y suelos contaminados por actividades mineras sin gestión ambiental
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2016) Burbano Vejarano, Fanny Rocio; García Gómez, Henry
Análisis de la problemática actual del transporte público en la ciudad de San José de Cúcuta
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Daza Ortíz, María Victoria; Vargas Acuña, Leidy Carolina
La finalidad de este artículo es sintetizar sobre la problemática actual del Transporte público en la ciudad de San José de Cúcuta. Este análisis abordará la problemática que presentan a diario los diferentes usuarios del servicio del transporte público de la ciudad, donde se indagan diferentes aspectos básicos del funcionamiento interno que debe cumplir cualquier sistema de transporte púbico para una población, con el fin de satisfacer sus necesidades y así mismo generar un desarrollo socioeconómico. De esta forma se podrá evaluar cuales podrían ser la ventajas y beneficios para Cúcuta y sus usuarios al momento de reformar de manera eficiente el sistema interno de transporte público actual; dentro de estos aspectos es significativo e importante hablar de la económica de la ciudad en la actualidad, ya que es punto clave a la hora de ser estudiado e implementado un sistema de transporte, así mismo la seguridad del servicio ofrecido es prioritaria por parte del estado para con sus usuarios, estipulado así en la ley 105 de 1993, junto con esto es necesario mencionar el aporte destacado que debe implementar cada gobierno con la finalidad de disminuir las diferentes formas de contaminación que genera un mal funcionamiento del servicio de transporte público, afectando directamente la salud de los habitantes y visitantes de la ciudad, debiendo tener claridad que se debe generar una inversión de recursos por parte de estos entes gubernamentales. Por otra parte, se abordarán otros aspectos que no se pueden dejar de lado como lo son: el apoyo y vigilancia que deben brindar los entes del estado que lideran la implementación y el buen uso del sistema de transporte público, el transporte colectivo público y la gran problemática social que afronta la ciudad por consecuencia de la migración de cuidamos venezolanos; entre otros aspectos y factores que están relacionados directamente e influyen en el sistema de transporte público de la ciudad. Finalizando con todos aquellos beneficios que ofrece para el desarrollo y crecimiento de la ciudad y sus habitantes la buena implementación de un sistema de transporte público.

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