Facultad de Ingeniería

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Acciones propuestas como política pública en el sector minero para contribuir al desarrollo sostenible
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Colorado Guzmán, Lina Victoria; Salazar Calvache, Oscar Andres
This article presents the actions that the country’s public policy proposes to contribute to the fulfillment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of Agenda 2030 that promote environmental sustainability in the mining sector. The Colombian Government, by proposing the extractivist model as one of the main drivers of economic growth in the country; intensifies the environmental challenges to be overcome in the mining industry; which must be considered as a critical factor in the definition of sector policies. As a result, extractive activities seek to align with the country’s green growth policies, through the integration of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of Agenda 2030 which offer an objective vision and give an opportunity to modify the paradigms of the sector.
Actividades humanas que generan el cambio climático y sus consecuencias a nivel global
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2016) Alvarado Manrique, Labriana; García Gómez, Henry
Acuerdos, negociaciones e instrumentos sobre cambio climático
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Castellanos Landazábal, Mabel Yineth; Bernal Suarez, Diana Paola
The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the agreements and conventions that affect global climate change and how this affects developing countries like ours, as well as an introduction on how the globalization aspect expands the appropriation of policies and mechanisms that seek to mitigate and provide some kind of solution to the effects caused by greenhouse gas emissions that cause so much damage to the planet; Some policies and conventions are mentioned, such as the United Nations Framework on Climate Change, which has been able to advance the critical issues despite the refusal mainly of some developed countries, in the same sense there are discrepancies even in the way of economic valuation of the environment and the methodologies used for it. It is notable that the environmental proposals have generated some kind of social and economic impact, the outlook for Colombia is incipient and the challenge is to achieve the adaptation of the policies, instruments and mechanisms of climate change consistent with the economic development and environmental sustainability.
Adaptación de modelos de ciudades sostenibles e inteligentes para Santiago de Cali
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Reina Espinosa, Carolina; Salazar Calvache, Oscar Andrés
Las ciudades de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC) son protagonistas de uno de los procesos de crecimiento demográfico más significativos que ha vivido el planeta, con grandes consecuencias para la sostenibilidad, la calidad de vida y la competitividad de la región. Hacer frente a estos retos supone una evolución en el ámbito de la gobernanza y la toma de decisiones, así como el uso cada vez más eficiente de los recursos de nuestras ciudades, con miras a emprender una gestión inteligente. Teniendo en cuenta esta situación, los expertos a nivel mundial concluyen que las ciudades bien gestionadas a nivel socioeconómico, de seguridad y de medio ambiente ofrecen excelentes oportunidades. En este contexto, las ciudades inteligentes están concebidas para la sostenibilidad y el ahorro energético, pero también orientada a la eficacia en la transmisión del conocimiento, sin importar si son grandes o pequeñas urbes. El interés de este artículo es observar algunos casos de éxito de modelos de ciudades inteligentes y sostenibles a nivel global, latinoamericano y local, enfocados en materia de transporte público, tránsito, seguridad y medio ambiente, para así diagnosticar el estado actual de la ciudad de Santiago de Cali en estos aspectos y proponer la implementación de algunos modelos que han sido exitosos. Las ciudades latinoamericanas aún tienen un largo camino por recorrer para llegar a la "inteligencia". Claramente, se necesita un diagnóstico más completo a nivel de la ciudad para complementar y validar o rechazar algunas de las conclusiones. Pero parece que la información disponible es lo suficientemente buena como para trasladar la carga de la prueba a los administradores de la ciudad. El análisis identifica claramente algunas dimensiones en las que cada ciudad debe centrarse para poder aprovechar al máximo los recursos de los que disfruta y lograr lo que las mejores prácticas internacionales definen como gestión inteligente de la ciudad.
Administración de la cadena de suministros y gestión comercial en Alimentos Cárnicos del Grupo Nutresa
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Arias Cárdenas, Luis Miguel
This article presents the different strategic models that make up a supply chain for different types of businesses, focused on the mass consumption sector, for this case in the company Alimentos Cárnicos of Grupo Nutresa. We will identify easily and practically the design within the chain, the links that compose it and its macro processes, from suppliers, supplies, supplies, distribution channels, storage, inventory control, and transportation, to the relationship that is has with the commercial objectives, accompanied by the strategies proposed by the marketing department, which makes the supply chain more successful in its strategic plan and profitability and agility objectives in the market. We will share success stories and lessons learned in the organization with regard to the administration of the supply chain and the new approach that is currently being worked on at the national level with the company's human and administrative resources.
Afectación del medio ambiente por la actividad de los lavaderos de autos y motos en la Ciudad de Sincelejo
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2016) Armando Martin, Nieto Castaño; García Gómez, Henry
The activity of washing cars and motorcycles in the city of Sincelejo environmental problems are generated, which have not been evaluated and are developing these activities without control and in many cases illegal activity, as there washing cars and motorcycles They not properly registered or certified to perform these activities. Therefore, it is paramount conducting an environmental impact assessment that produce these laundries in order to take appropriate measures to prevent the harmful effects that may occur with these activities and minimize those already being produced. This research aims to determine the quality and quantity of environmental factors affected by the activity of car washes and motorbikes in the city of Sincelejo As a theoretical framework for research has a framework on the themes The Environmental Impact Assessment (IA) and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), with their respective sub-themes. The research is descriptive, determining a representative sample of car washes and legalized bikes in the city, which will perform a checkup from a descriptive list and used as techniques direct observation and unstructured interviews , which is expected to reach the objectives. With the results are expected to provide a tool that although not directly solve the problem, if you can design and implement strategies to maximize the benefits and minimize unwanted impacts with this activity.
Agricultura sostenible como alternativa de control y mitigación de impactos ambientales
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Salas Chávez, Wilson Rafael; Grueso Casquete, Simón; Bernal Suárez, Diana Paola
Agriculture is one of the most important global production activities, it ensures food security for all worldwide population, providing sustain to 65% of low income population at global scale. At 2050, world population will increase 20-30%, and the agricultural production shall increase about a 60%. Although the goodness provided for socio economic development offered by agriculture for the population, its traditional practice has created several environmental impacts to the ecosystemic systems offered by water, soil and air, among which water overexploitation, eutrophication by diffuse pollution, pathogens and emergent pollutants introduction to water and food chain, soil erosion, deforestation and increase of greenhouse gases emission can be highlighted. However, agriculture will remain one of the fundamental activities for wellbeing, socio economic development at global scale, reason for which in necessary a change in the paradigm towards sustainable agriculture, that guarantees global food security and economic development, mitigating to a large degree the environmental impacts caused by traditional agriculture. In the present review article, it is described the fundamental aspects of organic agriculture, climate-smart agriculture, urban agriculture and precision agriculture, that are already been implemented in Colombia, as sustainable alternatives that allow reconciliation between agricultural socio economic development, the ecosystem and biodiversity preservation worldwide contributing to achieve the sustainable development goals in the year 2030.
Alternativas para el aprovechamiento de residuos sólidos: revisión de literatura
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Benavides Acosta, Melissa; Vargas Vasques, Jhon Edward
In the world, the management of solid waste has represented a problem due to the high volumes generated; when the management of these is not adequate, it can affect the health of citizens and the environment. Currently a large percentage of the world population uses traditional fuels for domestic use, despite the important socio-economic and technological development. Thus, it is necessary to find alternative sources of energy before all fossil fuel reserves are exhausted, in addition to finding a solution to the growing production and elimination of solid municipal waste, one of the most viable is adopting the waste system to energy (WTE) that can be considered as a potential source of alternative energy, which is economically viable and environmentally sustainable. The present study reviewed the current global scenario of technological options of WTE (incineration, pyrolysis, gasification, anaerobic digestion and filling with gas recovery) for the effective recovery of energy and all the challenges faced by developed countries and development path. This review will help policymakers and implementing authorities involved to improve policies and protocols used in waste disposal. This review concluded that WTE is a possible source of renewable energy, which will partly cover the demand for energy and guarantee an adequate management of solid municipal waste
Análisis de las herramientas de administración de negocios en la industria farmacéutica
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2018) Giraldo Aricapa, Angélica
In Colombia there are more than 200 companies that belong to the pharmaceutical sector, together, more than 5,900 million pesos in annual sales, and contributed 2.5% of the GDP of the country (ANDI, 2016), however, the figures available in the ANDI, it is easy to identify that this market, account for a group of companies, in which major multinationals, which forces the Colombian companies to fidget and be competitive, forcing himself in this way to generate strategies that combine the compliance requirements of the industry and the administrative tools of the business to stay in the market, which is characterized by its high standards of quality control (Resolution 1160, 2016) and the Competition (Angell, 2004). In the present document shows the statistics of the pharmaceutical sector and the tactical and operational strategic factors of the business, the challenges it faces, the external circumstances which affect the strategies employed in this industry at the national level and other tools that could be applied in the administration of other companies in the sector, such as lean sigma and BPM, becoming a guide that explains the operation of the national pharmaceutical sector administrators or managers who are faced for the first time to this branch of the industry.
Análisis de alternativas de cultivos complementarios a la papa en dos fincas de la vereda el guamal (subachoque)
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Puerto Diaz, Jaime Arturo; Salazar Calvache, Oscar Andrés
The growing need to provide abundant and quality food forces the farmer to adapt their customs and production dynamics, in order to improve the productivity of their land, it is proposed to opt for complementary crops to the potato (priority product of the village), trough growing and harvesting a series of foods compatible with the climatic, productive and economic conditions of the region. The exercise is carried out in two farms located in the El Guamal village of the municipality of Subachoque, Cundinamarca, which perfectly represent the productive and social customs of the region, thanks to the disposition of their owners and caretakers, this proposal will come true according to the times of each crop. In this way and respecting the customs of the farmers, their socio-economic conditions and the ability to recover and use of the land of that region will be gradually improved.
Análisis de cambios de coberturas en dos áreas de compensación forestal ubicadas en los municipios de la Cumbre y Dagua en el departamento del Valle del Cauca durante los años 2013, 2014 y 2020
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Pérez Durán, Igor Ephanor; Melo Vargas, Andrés Felipe
Coverage layers were generated on two lands in forest compensation called Villa María in the municipality of Dagua and also the Santa Fe estate in the municipality of La Cumbre, department of Valle del Cauca - Colombia. Coverages were generated for March 2020 (both properties), for December 2013 (Villa María) and August 2014 (Santa Fe) applying a supervised classification and implementing the Corine land cover classification legend adjusted for Colombia (CLC Colombia). In addition to updating coverage to 2020, a comparison was made with the periods 2013 and 2014, which were the initial years of the beginning of these compensations, and through this comparison the increase or decrease in coverage generated by the implementation of the compensation measure focused mainly on a forest restoration strategy. It could be determined that during the multitemporal analysis period (6-7 years) Increases in grassland coverings occurred mainly in exchange for a decrease in grassland-type coverings. However, there were increases in unwanted coverage in the processes of plant succession as the case of increased fern coverage, while for some sectors there was a decrease in tree cover. In this way, 50% of the areas developed positive changes that contribute positively to achieving more advanced successional states, but between 40% and 43% present a stagnation or deterioration in the desired process of plant succession, so it is recommended to implement measures to eradicate unwanted cover (mainly fern), planting of pioneer species and high-density afforestation in sectors with low changes in cover.
Análisis de conectividad espacial entre las áreas protegidas del sistema nacional de áreas protegidas SINAP de una región del sistema Kárstico en el flanco oriental de la Cordillera Central en el Magdalena Medio Colombiano
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Sánchez Toro, Elizabeth Cristina; Melo Vargas, Andrés Felipe
Protected areas in Colombia represent a strategic component for the maintenance of ecosystem services, therefore it is necessary to maintain dispersion, movement and genetic flow between natural areas, with the goal of guaranteeing the permanence over time of the essential natural resources for the permanence of life on earth. Consequently, the present study aims to establish the status of the connectivity of the natural áreas of the Karstic system located on the easterm flank of the Magdalena Medio Colombiano, base don estimates using the “Conefor” and ArcGis 10.2. programs. This analysis shows that protected áreas with different conservation figures are crucial to maintain conectivity between natural áreas by establishing the least cost route for dispersal, movement and genetic flow of species in general.
Análisis de la cadena de valor en el centro logístico de despachos de motocicletas Honda
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2017) Morante Gomez, John Fredy; Morzola Ovalle, Emiro Jose; Rubiano Ovalle, Oscar
With this work, an analysis of the value chain in the dispatch area corresponding to a Honda motorcycle logistics center was carried out, and to identify possible waste and bottlenecks that exist in the current process. Through the objectives it was possible to visualize what is intended to be achieved in this work and through justification the need to carry out the research is raised. The theoretical framework shows the tools that exist to address the objectives and also defined the tool to be used, later the methodology to be used throughout the work was shown in detail and, finally, a series was deployed From conclusions and recommendations to the company, everything was addressed through an established schedule
Análisis de la Fitorremediación como alternativa eficaz para remover el mercurio de aguas y suelos contaminados por actividades mineras sin gestión ambiental
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2016) Burbano Vejarano, Fanny Rocio; García Gómez, Henry
Análisis de la problemática actual del transporte público en la ciudad de San José de Cúcuta
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Daza Ortíz, María Victoria; Vargas Acuña, Leidy Carolina
La finalidad de este artículo es sintetizar sobre la problemática actual del Transporte público en la ciudad de San José de Cúcuta. Este análisis abordará la problemática que presentan a diario los diferentes usuarios del servicio del transporte público de la ciudad, donde se indagan diferentes aspectos básicos del funcionamiento interno que debe cumplir cualquier sistema de transporte púbico para una población, con el fin de satisfacer sus necesidades y así mismo generar un desarrollo socioeconómico. De esta forma se podrá evaluar cuales podrían ser la ventajas y beneficios para Cúcuta y sus usuarios al momento de reformar de manera eficiente el sistema interno de transporte público actual; dentro de estos aspectos es significativo e importante hablar de la económica de la ciudad en la actualidad, ya que es punto clave a la hora de ser estudiado e implementado un sistema de transporte, así mismo la seguridad del servicio ofrecido es prioritaria por parte del estado para con sus usuarios, estipulado así en la ley 105 de 1993, junto con esto es necesario mencionar el aporte destacado que debe implementar cada gobierno con la finalidad de disminuir las diferentes formas de contaminación que genera un mal funcionamiento del servicio de transporte público, afectando directamente la salud de los habitantes y visitantes de la ciudad, debiendo tener claridad que se debe generar una inversión de recursos por parte de estos entes gubernamentales. Por otra parte, se abordarán otros aspectos que no se pueden dejar de lado como lo son: el apoyo y vigilancia que deben brindar los entes del estado que lideran la implementación y el buen uso del sistema de transporte público, el transporte colectivo público y la gran problemática social que afronta la ciudad por consecuencia de la migración de cuidamos venezolanos; entre otros aspectos y factores que están relacionados directamente e influyen en el sistema de transporte público de la ciudad. Finalizando con todos aquellos beneficios que ofrece para el desarrollo y crecimiento de la ciudad y sus habitantes la buena implementación de un sistema de transporte público.
Análisis de las condiciones generadoras del peligro aviario: caso aeropuerto internacional Ernesto cortissoz de la ciudad de barranquilla, Colombia
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Benavides Céspedes, Julián Andrés; González Herrera, Alejandra; Perico Rodríguez, Ángela Patricia
Aviary danger is one of the major problems with which airports worldwide struggle to control and mitigate the accidentality that it can generate within the development of its air operations. For the realization of this document, a bibliographic review of different sources and databases of domestic and foreign airports was carried out, which established the methodologies and processes implemented to control the problem in mention. In this way a general concept was obtained which facilitated the comparison and analysis of the processes carried out within the Ernesto Cortissoz International Airport which provides its services to the city of Barranquilla, Atlantic. These comparisons focused on the study of the different avian, migratory and native species that were evident on the air side of the airport (reeling runways, hangars and aircraft parking areas) which are attracted by the food sources that they can find and by the right spaces for reproduction, the latter is generated by the geographical location of Ernesto Cortissoz Airport. Once this bibliographic review was carried out, the relevant conclusions were generated which emphasize observations and suggestions that can be applied at the Airport
Análisis de las dimensiones del servicio al cliente en las empresas promotoras de salud
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Azcarate Sánchez, Anyela Giovanna; García Jiménez, Juan Camilo
This monograph will focus on studying the Dimensions of Customer Service and its applicability in Health Promoting Companies (EPS), taking as a reference the requirements of the affiliated population and current legal regulations for this type of entities, where the central objective is to improve health conditions and provide comprehensive services that meet the needs of the user. Sin ce the creation of the EPS and the birth of Law 100/93, there has been an increase in complaints of lack of quality in the care and provision of health services, lack of coverage, administrative failures in the management of entities, among multiple causes of claims by affiliates, has led to the transfer of the report of petitions, complaints and claims of the EPS (PQRS) to handle reports of the number of guardianships received by the entities by the users for to demand their right to health and better care that meets the nee ds of the user. Among the causes that have generated deterioration in the quality of services, are the barriers of access and communication by entities towards the user, there is evidence of risk management where prevention predominates rather than correction, on the contrary , improvisation predominates before the planning of services and attention, lack of monitoring and control by the entities in charge of regulating the service in the EPS.
Análisis de las nuevas alternativas de disposición final para contenedores vacíos de plaguicidas
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Escobar López, Sandra Milena; Salazar Calvache, Oscar Andrés
La forma más común de envasado para agroquímicos es el envase de uso único, cuyo manejo debe hacerse después del empleo de su contenido, los recipientes vacíos de pesticidas representan un riesgo potencial para la salud humana y el medio ambiente; el objetivo de este documento es identificar alternativas de disposición final para este tipo de residuo, para esto se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de la normatividad en Colombia la cual está alineada con la política internacional de economía circular que promueve actividades de reciclaje, aprovechamiento, recuperación, reuso y generación de energía, seguida de una revisión del manejo y disposición final en países desarrollados y con economías en desarrollo sobre el nivel de recolección y aprovechamiento de contenedores vacíos de plaguicidas encontrando diseños alternativos de envases, variedad de productos e innovaciones en este tema y finalizando con la revisión en el país para analizar el cumplimiento de la normatividad, la valorización de estos residuos, las prácticas de tratamiento y disposición final y el impacto generado en el medio ambiente y la conservación de los recursos naturales.
Análisis del déficit de espacio público verde, por efecto del crecimiento urbanístico de la ciudad de Medellín
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Chaparro Fajardo, Laura Caterine; Flórez Echeverri, Jennifer; Bernal Suárez, Diana Paola
Green public space is a key element in cities, recognizing their ecological functions and their contribution in the formation of ecological networks. However, in the cities of Latin America such as Medellin, Colombia, there are deficit of public space compared to the minimum indicator of 15m2/capita recommended by the World Health Organization – WHO, indicator that given the rapid growth of the population will continue to decline over time. For this reason, it is necessary an adequate management and planning of the land as a key tool to address this deficit. Currently in Colombia, there are phenomena such as a shortage of urbanizable soil, incomplete development on the urban fringe, low quantity and quality of public space, as well as loss and deterioration of natural resources, because of poor management of urban development and unplanned land use. Therefore, it is an important issue to understand the problem, establish responsibilities and come up with solutions involving all actors in society as an integral part of the sustainable development of the city.
Análisis del desarrollo de la gestión del riesgo de desastres en Colombia
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Giraldo Vallejo, Paula Andrea; Rodríguez Isaza, Julio Cesar; Perico Rodríguez, Angela Patricia
The growth and development of a community cannot be conceived without considering the risks that its modes bring to it and to future generations, it is necessary to link it to a planning that contemplates the risks of its execution to guarantee safe modes; It must also consider the risks that could dramatically intervene in its natural course. Colombia as a developing country is in the process of learning, forced by the multiple and costly economic and social havoc that have brought about events, both of great magnitude that have impacted several communities, such as those whose repercussions are more punctual, but also more frequent. Disaster Risk Management appears in this scenario as a obligatory tool to ensure sustainable development, a tool with an outstanding regulatory framework that was taking shape as a normative response with each event that impacted the community, becoming Public Policy of Risk Management with Law 1523 of 2012, with three fundamental paths: knowledge of risk, risk reduction and emergency response preparation, as can be seen with a strongly preventive approach in contrast to the norms prior to it. However, the implementation process has had obstacles concerning institutional weakness, intersectoral articulation, poor apprehension of the norm by the actors responsible for this application and the lack of resources necessary for this implementation. The aforementioned with an essential background such as the inadequate election of public officials, which is precisely the starting point to prosecute the correct implementation of the Public Policy of Risk Management, together with other components such as national accompaniment and Departmental, accountability and community empowerment through ambitious education and training programs at all levels, both academic, social and economic.

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