Psicología
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Browsing Psicología by Subject "Adolescents"
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Item Caracterización de los consumidores de sustancias psicoactivas en Colombia(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Rendón Rivera, Bryan Steven; Valencia Gómez, Jackeline; Bolaños, Diego Fernando (Director)El consumo de Drogas en Colombia es una situación que se está volviendo una problemática ya que trae consecuencias complejas en la salud pública y en el entorno social de las personas pero que durante varios años ha venido teniendo un comportamiento variable, debido a que por normatividad de los países tenemos sustancias licitas e ilícitas, las cuales comienzan a ser conocidas desde la etapa escolar en los niños y adolescentes, por lo tanto el presente documento muestra un recorrido de la literatura, científica y académica, relacionada con el consumo de drogas o sustancias psicoactivas (CSPA) en diferentes espacios y momentos de su ciclo de vida donde podemos reflexionar sobre los elementos fisiológicos, físicos, psicosociales, conductuales y familiares los cuales se ven reflejados en su mayoría por las personas que realizan dicho consumo dando lugar a la adicción de las drogas, en gran interés el trabajo busca identificar características de aquellas personas que realizan dicha práctica mencionando a grandes rasgos que el ejercicio que aquí se desarrolla permite conceptualizar y tipificar las prácticas propias de (CSPA) en Colombia.Item Efectos psicológicos de la violencia escolar en estudiantes de educación secundaria: Una revisión de la literatura(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2025) Viveros Reyes, Karina; Almeida Salinas, Orlando (Director)All forms of violence in the school context can have negative effects on a physical, psychological, and material level, as well as disrupt communication among its members. The psychological effects of school violence directly impact student performance and affect their mental health. This study aimed to identify the main psychological effects of school violence on adolescent victims in secondary education in Ibero-America. To this end, a literature review was conducted based on the PRISMA statement in the following databases: Pubmed, Scielo, Dialnet, MDPI, Scopus, and Science Direct, which took into account as inclusion criteria publications between 2020 and 2025, with observational, case-control, and cohort designs. Among the findings of the (n=35) classified articles, it was demonstrated that the main psychological effects that occur in secondary school students are: depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, self-esteem problems, symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and eating disorders.Item Estilos de autoevaluación y rasgos de ansiedad en un grupo de estudiantes entre los 15 y 17 años de una Institución Educativa en la ciudad de Cali(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Ramírez Gutiérrez, Laura Daniela; Benavides Reyes, Daniel Jesús; López Santander, Rodrigo (Director)Self-evaluation as a natural and innate factor is of foremost importance insofar as it is based on positive and negative parameters, which determine the genesis or not of anxiety traits. The objective of this study was to analyze the self-evaluation of anxiety traits in a group of students between 15 and 17 years old from an educational institution in the city of Cali. For this purpose, a sample of 23 eleventh grade students were used, a mixed method with a sequential explanatory design (DEXPLIS) and a semi-structured interview and the Zung anxiety test were applied, and data were analyzed through SPSS and Atlas Ti. The results indicate that there are traits of anxiety (mild and intense) in 81.62% of the population, in addition, a high frequency of the use of negative self-evaluations was identified in relation to anxiety-generating situations, such as; tremendism and comfort, condemnation and success, etc. In conclusion, it was found that most of the negative self-evaluation styles used inappropriately generate anxious symptoms, which confirms the existence of a relationship between anxiety levels and the use of different self-evaluation styles, which in turn leads to the conclusion that the higher the indexes of negative self-evaluation, the higher the levels of anxiety present.Item Estrategias de afrontamiento en el desarrollo de la resiliencia en adolescentes entre los 13 a 15 años en el Colegio Comunal Nueva Granada de la Ciudad de Cali(2022) Viveros Grajales, Nicole Stefhania; Prado Hernández, Daniela; López Santander, Rodrigo (Director)The present study has a qualitative approach, is descriptive with a phenomenological design and has a non-probabilistic sampling, whose objective was to analyze the coping strategies in the development of resilience in adolescents between 13 and 15 years old in the Colegio Comunal Nueva Granada of the city of Cali, for which semi-structured interviews were conducted with a sample of 16 adolescents, analyzed through the technique of discourse analysis, where each response was conceptualized in a grid of information emptying for the creation of psychological categories. The results showed that most of the strategies implemented belong to productive and non-productive coping, also that most of the resilient factors in adolescents were part of the acquired social and conflict resolution skills (I can); finally, it is concluded that the most relevant coping strategies in the development of resilience in adolescents are those oriented to the other.Item Implementación de la técnica de externalización en adolescentes con acoso escolar(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Zuñiga Muñoz, Nathalia; Córdoba Barahona, Soraya; Posada Castillo, Yalis Daniela; Mora Jiménez, Abraham Heriberto (Director); Muñoz Cuartas, Leopoldo (Director)This research aims to describe the effect of the implementation of the externalization technique on the coping styles of adolescent victims of bullying in an educational institution in the city of Cali; A quantitative approach with a descriptive design with cross-sectional section was used for a sample of 15 students of both sexes in fifth grade. The Cisneros Self-Test of bullying and the Coping Scale for adolescents were used as instruments. The research findings demonstrate that there were slight modifications in the coping styles of the students surveyed, this means that the technique of externalization impact slightly but significantly.