Presencia y propagación del gen mcr-1 en bacterias Gramnegativas desde el enfoque One Health: una revisión sistemática
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Date
2026-06-26
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Universidad Santiago de Cali
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a growing threat to global public health, especially due to the emergence of resistance mechanisms to last-line antibiotics such as colistin. The plasmid-mediated mcr-1 gene has been identified as a key determinant in the spread of resistance in Gram-negative bacteria, with clinical, veterinary and environmental implications . The objective of this study was to analyze the available evidence on the presence and dissemination of the mcr-1 gene in Latin America, through a systematic review of the scientific literature. A search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, SciELO and LILACS databases, including studies published between 2015 and 2025 that reported the detection of the gene in Gram-negative bacteria. Seven studies were selected for qualitative analysis. The results showed a heterogeneous distribution of the gene in the region, with a predominance in Escherichia coli and frequent association with IncI2 and IncX4 plasmids. Its presence was identified in human and animal samples, while studies in environmental matrices were limited. These findings highlight the importance of mobile genetic elements in the spread of colistin resistance and show the need to strengthen surveillance under a One Health approach. However, the limited number of studies and methodological heterogeneity restrict the generalizability of the results. In conclusion, it is necessary to expand research in the region, especially in the environmental component, as well as to standardize detection methods to improve the understanding of the dynamics of mcr-1 gene dissemination.
Description
Antimicrobial resistance is a growing threat to global public health, especially due to the emergence of resistance mechanisms to last-line antibiotics such as colistin. The plasmid-mediated mcr-1 gene has been identified as a key determinant in the spread of resistance in Gram-negative bacteria, with clinical, veterinary and environmental implications . The objective of this study was to analyze the available evidence on the presence and dissemination of the mcr-1 gene in Latin America, through a systematic review of the scientific literature. A search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, SciELO and LILACS databases, including studies published between 2015 and 2025 that reported the detection of the gene in Gram-negative bacteria. Seven studies were selected for qualitative analysis. The results showed a heterogeneous distribution of the gene in the region, with a predominance in Escherichia coli and frequent association with IncI2 and IncX4 plasmids. Its presence was identified in human and animal samples, while studies in environmental matrices were limited. These findings highlight the importance of mobile genetic elements in the spread of colistin resistance and show the need to strengthen surveillance under a One Health approach. However, the limited number of studies and methodological heterogeneity restrict the generalizability of the results. In conclusion, it is necessary to expand research in the region, especially in the environmental component, as well as to standardize detection methods to improve the understanding of the dynamics of mcr-1 gene dissemination.
Keywords
América Latina, One Health, plásmidos, resistencia antimicrobiana, transferencia horizontal de genes
Citation
Avila Lesly,(2026). Presencia y propagación del gen mcr-1 en bacterias Gramnegativas desde el enfoque One Health: una revisión sistemática [Tesis de pregrado, Universidad Santiago de Cali]. Repositorio Institucional USC.