Medicina Veterinaria

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Caracterización del microbioma bacteriano de garrapatas que afectan a Canis lupus familiaris en diferentes sectores del municipio de Santiago de Cali
(2025-06-13) Giraldo Herrera, Jennifer Maria; Chicangana Piamba, Karen Daniela
Ticks are hematophagous ectoparasites that transmit numerous pathogens affecting animals and humans. This study characterized the bacterial microbiome of ticks that parasitize dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) in different areas of Santiago de Cali, Colombia. One hundred and sixty ticks were collected from 16 domestic dogs in various urban and peri-urban areas. The sequences were performed using the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene and bioinformatics analysis. Ninety-five thousand raw reads were identified, and after the cleaning process, 57,000 clean reads remained, revealing a microbial composition dominated by Streptomyces (family Streptomycetaceae), Lactobacillus (family Lactobacillaceae), and Sphingomonas (family Sphingomonadaceae). Variations in the microbiome composition were observed among ticks collected in different areas, suggesting an influence of environmental factors and host characteristics. The presence of the Candidatus genus Coxiella Mudrowiae was detected, with relevance to public and veterinary health. This research represents the first study of the bacterial microbiome of ticks on dogs in Santiago de Cali, providing valuable information for understanding the microbial ecology of these vectors and their potential involvement in disease transmission in this region.
Comparativa de nuevas estrategias para la reducción de la presión intraocular en pacientes con glaucoma de ángulo abierto: una nueva perspectiva; revisión de alcance
(2025-05-30) Banguera riascos, Angel; Bermudez Rodriguez, Cristian; Arteaga Velasquez, Esteban Dario
Glaucoma is a very common pathology characterized by high eye pressure due to a failure in the drainage of aqueous humor that causes damage to the optic nerve. It is one of the main visual disabilities. Treatment consists of lowering intraocular pressure; however, it has certain limitations which lead to the search for alternatives. Therefore, this review is presented with the aim of comparing the available methods to reduce IOP in patients with open-angle glaucoma. Method: A scoping review was conducted based on a literature search in different databases, answering the question about the evidence for IOP reduction, its benefits and adverse effects. Results: 19 articles were found, surgical treatment decreases IOP by an average of 35% and pharmacological treatment by 25%. The associated benefits are a decrease in antiglaucomatous drugs, less invasive techniques, fewer post-surgery effects, but with persistent adverse effects associated with the surgeon's experience and poor adherence to treatment. Conclusions: New strategies aim at better IOP control to reduce blindness; however, the selection of the technique should be personalized according to the stage of glaucoma and the specific needs of the patient. Keywords: Glaucoma, Open angle, intraocular pressure, patients, treatments.
Caminando sobre fuego: Laminitis un enemigo silencioso del bienestar equino. Revisión sistemática
(2025-06-16) Zambrano Henao, Laura Camila; Rojas Montenegro, Karen Tatiana
Equine laminitis remains one of the most complex clinical challenges in veterinary medicine due to its multifactorial nature, significant impact on animal welfare, and high recurrence rates. The general objective of this study was to analyze recent scientific evidence regarding clinical strategies for the integral management of laminitis prevention. A qualitative methodology was employed through a comprehensive documentary analysis of 48 scientific articles published between 2015 and 2025, focusing on prevention, pathophysiology, and clinical management strategies for this disease. The findings identified three key components in preventive care: environmental strategies (such as stress control, stable quality, ventilation, and surface conditions), nutritional and metabolic management (including carbohydrate intake adjustment, obesity control, endocrine monitoring, and supervised exercise plans), and continuous veterinary follow-up along with caregiver education. Digital cryotherapy, early diagnosis of disorders such as PPID, and the identification of early clinical warning signs also demonstrated high preventive efficacy. It is concluded that the effectiveness of integral management lies in the simultaneous and consistent application of these clinical components, which must be tailored to the individual conditions of each horse and guided by rigorous veterinary monitoring. This approach enables the anticipation of predisposing factors and significantly reduces the risk of laminitis, promoting a more effective and humane preventive veterinary practice.
Avances en el tratamiento quirúrgico para shunt portosistémico extrahepático congénito en caninos. Revisión Sistémica
(2025-06-11) Riascos Andrade, Eyssenn Hawer
This study reviews recent advances in the surgical treatment of congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt in dogs, a vascular anomaly highly prevalent in small breeds. The objective was to identify the most effective, minimally invasive surgical techniques with better postoperative outcomes. A systematic review of scientific literature published between 2019 and 2025 was conducted using bibliometric tools such as VOSviewer. Significant innovations were identified, including the use of ameroid constrictors, cellophane bands, transvenous embolization, and laparoscopic surgery, as well as improved diagnostic imaging techniques. It is concluded that individualized technique selection, based on clinical and anatomical characteristics, optimizes surgical management and enhances the quality of life of affected dogs.
Uso del cannabidiol como terapia de manejo alternativa para el dolor crónico asociado a osteoartritis en caninos. Revisión sistemática
(2025-02-20) Giraldo Otalvora, Alejandra; Manzano Erazo, Angela
This review presents a literature analysis on the efficacy, safety and tolerability of cannabidiol (CBD) in canines with osteoarthritis (OA) pain. A literature search of articles published in databases such as ScienceDirect, Scopus, Springer, SAGE Journals and PubMed was performed, and the data obtained were analyzed based on the PRISMA methodology. Since CBD is a widely studied compound with multiple benefits and important pharmacological properties, it has attracted the attention of researchers and veterinary practitioners worldwide, resulting in significant advances in its clinical applications. These advances are due to the growing knowledge about the functioning of the endocannabinoid system in various animal species, managing to generate knowledge in several areas of interest such as pain management. However, despite promising results in several studies, current evidence is still insufficient to definitively conclude the clinical efficacy of CBD in the treatment of pain associated with OA.
Eficacia y rapidez en la cicatrización de heridas con miel de abejas en caninos y felinos. Revisión sistemática
(2025-02-20) Monroy Morales, Karen Andrea; Restrepo Santamaría, Nicolle
The use of honey in veterinary medicine has been experiencing a boom in recent years. However, research on the benefits of this substance is recent and scarce in relation to others. The present review aimed to compile and analyze the most recent articles available, in order to verify the efficacy of honey in the treatment and recovery of wounds in dogs and cats. To select the articles, parameters of language, year of publication and concordance with the main objective were established. Keywords such as honey, wound, dogs, cats and healing were used. The search was performed in four databases. The selected publications were systematized in a matrix, which allowed for a rigorous analysis of the data, as well as a The selected publications were systematized in a matrix, which allowed a rigorous analysis of the data, as well as contrasting and classifying the information. The results indicate that honey possesses physicochemical properties with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and regenerative potential, which makes it a therapeutic option for the treatment of wounds. Although some commercial pharmaceuticals may show greater efficacy in certain aspects, honey stands out as an economical and effective alternative. Moreover, when combined with other substances, its therapeutic effect is enhanced, improving results compared to its isolated use. In addition, when combined with other substances, its therapeutic effect is enhanced, improving the results compared to its isolated use. Even so, honey alone has been shown to be effective in the healing and scarring of lesions, providing positive results in different veterinary contexts. This work suggests that future research is needed to validate with greater scientific rigor its use and explore its potential in the development of innovative treatments in veterinary medicine.
Enfermedad periodontal en perros: identificación de etapas, tratamiento y prevención: revisión sistemática
(2025-02-12) Salcedo Alarcon, Nallely; Chaves Obando, María Camila
Dasyprocta punctata is a mammal native to South America that mainly inhabits forests and jungles; however, due to anthropogenic intervention, this species has demonstrated a remarkable ability to adapt to semi-urban environments with vegetation. The feeding behavior of D. punctata includes the practice of burying seeds during periods of food abundance, which if not recovered, usually germinate, contributing significantly to reforestation processes and making the species a key element in maintaining ecosystem balance. In Santiago de Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia, D. punctata can frequently be observed in areas close to water sources, where it finds shelter and food, however, human interaction has altered its environment and diet, for this reason, the present study was carried out in a city park, where it was evident that the inhabitants of the sector usually provide food to individuals of the species. During the research period, observations were made at different times of the day in order to identify the periods of greatest activity of D. punctata, its interaction with other species and the food provided, in order to evaluate its nutritional quality. In parallel, a questionnaire was applied to people in the area with prior knowledge of the species. The results show that the food provided mainly includes Solanum tuberosum (brown potato), Solanum lycopersycum (tomato) and Daucus carota (carrot). Although there are no detailed studies on the natural diet of the species, it was determined that these foods lack the essential nutrients for D. punctata. In addition, much of the available food is in poor condition or in the process of decomposition, which could have an impact on the health and behavior of individuals of the species. This inadequate diet not only compromises their well-being, but could also interfere with the natural process of zoochory that they perform, altering the balance of the ecosystem and the region in the future.
Cambios en los patrones de alimentación de origen antropogénico en dasyprocta punctata y su influencia en la calidad nutricional y en la dispersión de semillas, en un parque de santiago de cali, colombia
(2025-02-18) Escobar Sánchez, Heidy Vanessa; Zaрата Molano, Laura Sofía
Dasyprocta punctata is a mammal native to South America that mainly inhabits forests and jungles; however, due to anthropogenic intervention, this species has demonstrated a remarkable ability to adapt to semi-urban environments with vegetation. The feeding behavior of D. punctata includes the practice of burying seeds during periods of food abundance, which if not recovered, usually germinate, contributing significantly to reforestation processes and making the species a key element in maintaining ecosystem balance. In Santiago de Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia, D. punctata can frequently be observed in areas close to water sources, where it finds shelter and food, however, human interaction has altered its environment and diet, for this reason, the present study was carried out in a city park, where it was evident that the inhabitants of the sector usually provide food to individuals of the species. During the research period, observations were made at different times of the day in order to identify the periods of greatest activity of D. punctata, its interaction with other species and the food provided, in order to evaluate its nutritional quality. In parallel, a questionnaire was applied to people in the area with prior knowledge of the species. The results show that the food provided mainly includes Solanum tuberosum (brown potato), Solanum lycopersycum (tomato) and Daucus carota (carrot). Although there are no detailed studies on the natural diet of the species, it was determined that these foods lack the essential nutrients for D. punctata. In addition, much of the available food is in poor condition or in the process of decomposition, which could have an impact on the health and behavior of individuals of the species. This inadequate diet not only compromises their well-being, but could also interfere with the natural process of zoochory that they perform, altering the balance of the ecosystem and the region in the future.
El enriquecimiento ambiental y su efectividad en zoológicos y centros de recepción de fauna silvestre en Latinoamérica: Revisión sistemática
(2025-02-18) Mina Escobar, Melisa Andrea; Guzmán Salinas, Tatiana
Environmental enrichment is a fundamental, necessary and valuable resource for all animals under human care, since it contributes to improve their health and welfare, through the implementation of activities or modifications in the environment that allow an individual to express behaviors typical of its species. Wild animals under professional care require to a greater extent the application of different types of enrichment such as nutritional, sensory, structural and social, in order to reduce their stress levels, and consequently, reduce the presentation of stereotypies and infectious diseases due to immunosuppression. This paper focuses on a literature review on the mentioned subject, investigating the environmental enrichment protocols implemented by different zoos and wildlife reception centers in Latin America, contrasting the degree of effectiveness and the impact they have had on the welfare of the animals. Methodologically, information was collected from scientific articles obtained through different databases and then the information was analyzed to identify in which taxonomic groups more research is reported, which types of environmental enrichment are the most implemented, which strategies or enrichment agents are the most used and which of them have had a positive response from the animals. The purpose of this work is to serve as a reference for the design of environmental enrichment protocols or programs, and additionally, to identify the gaps in knowledge on the subject.
Uso de la acupuntura tradicional y electro acupuntura como tratamiento para el manejo de dolor en caninos y felinos. Revisión sistematica
(2025-02-14) Cobo Capote, Jessica Juliana; Delgado Diago, Geraldine
Acupuncture and electroacupuncture have been proposed as effective complementary techniques for pain management in veterinary medicine. However, in Colombia, their use has been limited due to the lack of local scientific evidence and the scarce specialized training in these techniques. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture and electroacupuncture in canines and felines, comparing them with conventional medicine in the treatment of pain.
Uso indiscriminado de antihelmínticos en caninos, su impacto en la resistencia a medicamentos: Revisión sistemática
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-09-09) Buitrago Ipia, Heidy Janeth
El presente trabajo abordó la problemática del uso indiscriminado de antihelmínticos en caninos y su relación con el desarrollo de resistencia farmacológica en Ancylostoma caninum, situación que ha generado fallas terapéuticas y un incremento en la carga parasitaria tanto a nivel clínico como epidemiológico. El objetivo principal fue evaluar el impacto del uso indiscriminado de antihelmínticos en caninos y su efecto en la resistencia a medicamentos y en la salud animal. Se empleó una metodología de revisión sistemática basada en los lineamientos PRISMA, que incluyó la búsqueda estructurada en bases de datos científicas, la aplicación de criterios de inclusión y exclusión, y la organización de la información mediante una matriz de extracción que contempló variables como tipo de estudio, población, antiparasitarios evaluados, hallazgos en salud y evidencia de resistencia. Los resultados evidenciaron que los benzimidazoles fueron los antihelmínticos más utilizados en caninos, aunque también los más asociados a la aparición de resistencia. Se identificaron mutaciones genéticas como F167Y y Q134H en el gen de la β-tubulina, las cuales se relacionaron con la disminución de la eficacia terapéutica. Asimismo, se observó que la resistencia estuvo asociada a fallas en el tratamiento, persistencia de infecciones, anemia, diarrea y alteraciones en el crecimiento, especialmente en cachorros. Se concluyó que la resistencia a antihelmínticos en caninos constituye un fenómeno complejo y en expansión, impulsado por el uso inadecuado de estos fármacos. Se destacó la necesidad de implementar estrategias de control basadas en diagnóstico, uso racional de medicamentos y vigilancia epidemiológica, con el fin de mitigar su impacto en la salud animal y pública.
Impacto del cannabidol como coadyuvante en el tratamiento de la osteoartritis en animales domésticos: revisión sistemática
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-09-07) Rodriguez Agredo, Laura
Esta revisión se centra en el uso de cannabidiol (CBD) como tratamiento coadyuvante en la osteoartritis, una de las principales causas del dolor crónico en los animales de compañía, afectando su movilidad y, por lo tanto, su calidad de vida. La osteoartritis es la enfermedad más común de los huesos y articulaciones de los animales domésticos, generando toda una serie de consecuencias como la aparición de inflamación crónica, dolor, limitación funcional y cambios en el comportamiento, y el manejo actual del dolor se debe al uso de antiinflamatorios no esteroideos y opioides; pero a medida que transcurre el tiempo en el tratamiento, sus efectos tienen limitaciones, especialmente en los pacientes geriátricos o con comorbilidades, además de existir pocas alternativas analgésicas aprobadas para estos animales. En este sentido, el cannabidiol puede ser considerado una posible opción terapéutica dado que presenta propiedades antiinflamatorias y analgésicas. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo revisar la evidencia científica de la aplicación de cannabidiol como tratamiento coadyuvante del dolor crónico asociado a osteoartritis en animales de compañía. Es por lo que con este propósito se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de literatura, llevando a cabo la búsqueda y selección de artículos científicos en bases de datos especializadas, enfocados en farmacocinética, eficacia analgesica y seguridad del cannabidiol. Los resultados han demostrado que el cannabidiol presentaría un potencial terapéutico bastante prometedor, con buena tolerancia y efectos adversos leves; sin embargo, existe alta evidencia limitada, con un alto requerimiento de estudios clínicos controlados que confirmen su eficacia y seguridad.
Epidemiología del cáncer en caninos entre 2021 y 2025 en la ciudad de Santiago de Cali: Correlación entre la incidencia de neoplasias y el tipo de dieta suministrada
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-09-21) Villamil Tapias; Lisa Maria; Cabal Aza; David; Villamil Tapias; Lisa Maria Cabal Aza; David
Cancer in dogs is a multifactorial disease of great importance in veterinary medicine. This study aimed to characterize the diet as well as the epidemiological behavior of cancer in six clinics in the south of Santiago de Cali, integrating clinical and demographic variables. An observational, descriptive and retrospective study was conducted based on clinical and histopathological records. As for the demographic variables, age, sex, race and reproductive status were evaluated, while clinical data included the type of diet and localization of neoplasia. The total population consisted of 114 canines from six veterinary clinics in the south of Santiago de Cali. A higher frequency was observed in adult to geriatric animals with an average of 9.22 years; thus, no preference for sex was evident, but predominance in the mestizo race. On the other hand, mastocytoma was the most common neoplasm, with skin being the anatomical area primarily affected. In addition, a predominance of malignant tumors was found and mixed diet was recorded as the most common, although no significant association with the type of neoplasm was identified. It is concluded that the presentation of cancer is consistent with what the existing literature indicates; however, a more thorough evaluation on nutrition in future studies is necessary.
Efectividad en el Manejo de la Obstrucción Uretral en Felinos Machos: Comparación entre Protocolos Terapéuticos en Medicina Veterinaria: Revisión Sistemática
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-09-14) Parada Ibarra; Laurasophia Llamas Arambulo; Maria Camila; Parada Ibarra; Laurasophia Llamas Arambulo; Maria Camila
Urethral obstruction in male cats is a common medical emergency associated with high morbidity and significant economic implications. Traditionally, urethral catheterization has been considered the treatment of choice; however, increasing recognition of the functional component of the disease has driven interest in conservative medical management strategies. The aim of this systematic review was to compare the effectiveness of the two therapeutic approaches based on the literature published between 2020 and 2026. A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Science direct) following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Studies in English and Spanish that focused on male cats with urethral obstruction and evaluated medical management and/or catheterization were included. After the selection process, 10 studies with different methodological designs were analyzed. The results showed that urethral catheterization maintains high immediate success rates (85–95%), although recurrence rates may reach 29.6% and the procedure is associated with iatrogenic complications. In contrast, conservative medical management demonstrated variable response rates (48–80%), with lower invasiveness and potential usefulness in selected patients, particularly in resource-limited settings. It is concluded that no absolute superiority exists between approaches, and therapeutic decisions should be individualized. Catheterization remains the standard of care in critical cases, while conservative management represents a viable alternative in specific clinical scenarios.
Prevalencia de neoplasias mamarias en caninos del laboratorio de Patología Veterinaria “Zoopath” de la ciudad de Cali, Colombia en el 2024
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-09-17) Gomez Acevedo; Juan Diego ; Gomez Acevedo; Juan Diego
Mammary neoplasms are among the most prevalent oncological pathologies in canine species, especially in older female dogs, representing a challenge in veterinary care due to their biological characteristics and degree of malignancy. In this context, the objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of mammary neoplasms in canines diagnosed at the Zoopath Veterinary Pathology Laboratory in Cali, Colombia, during 2024. Accordingly, a retrospective study with a quantitative approach was conducted, based on the review and analysis of the laboratory's histopathological records and databases. Likewise, the information was analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlational analysis, taking into account aspects such as breed, sex, age, reproductive status, histopathological grade, histopathological diagnosis, and malignancy. Thus, the results revealed a marked predominance of cases in females and a higher frequency of occurrence in animals between 7 and 12 years of age. Specifically, complex carcinoma was the most prevalent histopathological diagnosis, with a frequency of (27,7%), followed by complex adenoma (11,7%) and ductal carcinoma (6,2% ). Furthermore, the findings provide relevant epidemiological information for the early diagnosis, prevention, and clinical management of these pathologies, while highlighting the need to continue developing research that expands knowledge about the factors associated with their occurrence. This study concluded that mammary neoplasms occur more frequently in older female dogs, with complex carcinoma identified as the most frequent diagnosis in the studied population.
IMPACTO DEL TRATAMIENTO NUTRICIONAL CON CONCENTRADOS DE PRESCRIPCIÓN EN FELINOS CON DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO II EN COLOMBIA
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-06-17) Mosquera Gutierrez; Monica Melissa; Mosquera Gutierrez; Monica Melissa
Type II diabetes mellitus in felines represents one of the most relevant endocrine diseases in veterinary medicine. It is characterized by insulin resistance, persistent hyperglycemia, and metabolic alterations related to the quality of life of domestic cats. Nutritional management has proven to be an essential therapeutic foundation for its clinical and metabolic control. The objective of this monograph was to systematize the scientific evidence published between 2018 and 2025 on the effects of nutritional management with prescription foods in cats with type II diabetes mellitus, emphasizing its applicability to the Colombian context. A systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA model, using the PubMed, ScienceDirect, SciELO, and Google Scholar databases. CASP, JBI, and GRADE tools were applied to assess methodological quality and risk of bias, selecting only peer-reviewed studies with a moderate or high level of evidence. The results demonstrate that high-protein, low-carbohydrate (<15%) therapeutic diets significantly improve insulin sensitivity, reducing exogenous insulin requirements and inducing clinical remission in mean to 29 % of cases. However, there is a paucity of epidemiological studies in Colombia, as well as socioeconomic limitations that hinder adherence to prescribed diets. In conclusion, therapeutic nutrition represents an effective and necessary strategy for the comprehensive management and/or treatment of feline diabetes, requiring increased research and adaptation of protocols to the Colombian context.
Efectos Positivos de la Suplementación Nutricional en el Canino Geriátrico Revisión Sistemática
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-09-16) Mina Rivas; Laura Vanessa; Mina Rivas; Laura Vanessa
RESUMEN La presenterevisión sistemática tuvo como objetivo analizar la evidencia científica disponible sobre los efectos positivos delasuplementación nutricional en el perro geriátrico, con el fin de fundamentar estrategias dietéticas que contribuyanamejorar su salud cognitiva, osteoarticular y metabólica. Se realizó una búsqueda en bases de datos como PubMed,Scopus y Scielo, siguiendo las directrices PRISMA 2020, que incluyó estudios publicados entre 2015 y 2025. Seseleccionaron 10 artículos entre investigaciones experimentales, ensayos clínicos, estudios observacionalesyrevisiones sistemáticas que evaluaran intervenciones nutricionales en perros adultos mayores. Los resultadosevidencian que los antioxidantes y los triglicéridos de cadena media (MCT) presentan el mayor respaldo enlamejora de la función cognitiva, favoreciendo procesos como la memoria y el aprendizaje. En cuanto a las mejorasosteoarticulares, los ácidos grasos omega-3 muestran efectos consistentes en la reducción de la inflamaciónylamejora de la movilidad, mientras que la glucosamina y la condroitina presentan beneficios más moderadosyvariables. En cuanto a la salud metabólica, la evidencia es aún limitada, aunque los estudios sugieren un potencialefectopositivo en la modulación del metabolismo energético y la inflamación sistémica. No obstante, se identificaronlimitaciones importantes en los estudios seleccionados, tales como tamaños muestrales reducidos, corta duración delasintervenciones y heterogeneidad metodológica, que afectaron la capacidad de realizar conclusiones universales.
Cuidados preventivos en relación con parásitos gastrointestinales en los perros (Canis lupus familiaris) en la comuna 21 de la ciudad de Cali.
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-09-10) Mendez Quintero,Andrea Carolina; Carvajal,Luisa Fernanda; Guarin Patarroyo, Camila Ernesto (Director)
Gastrointestinal parasites in canines represent a critical challenge for public health due to their zoonotic potential, particularly in environments with socioeconomic vulnerability. The objective of this research was to identify the relationship between the sociodemographic factors of caregivers and their practices regarding sanitary management, animal welfare, and preventive medicine in Comuna 21 of Cali. A descriptive and cross-sectional methodological design was employed through non-probability convenience sampling, applying structured surveys to 64 canine owners. The results revealed a marked discrepancy between educational attainment or technological access (96.4% with internet connectivity) and health literacy, demonstrating that 70% of respondents are unfamiliar with the term "zoonosis." Likewise, the economic factor was established as the primary barrier for 59% of the population, shifting veterinary assistance toward a strictly reactive approach (45% attend only due to illness) and disrupting prophylactic schedules, wherein 28% deworm irregularly or never. Additionally, deficiencies in public dissemination, reflected by the fact that 82.1% neither attend nor remember free health campaigns coupled with environmental risk behaviors such as off-leash walking (25%) and non-collection of feces (10%), perpetuate environmental biological contamination, thereby increasing the vulnerability of the 23.2% of households cohabiting with children and older adults. It is concluded that the epidemiological risk in this sector is directly linked to a low perception of biological risk and socioeconomic limitations. Therefore, mitigating human exposure demands a shift in institutional and community education, steering public health policies toward an education that raises awareness among caregivers that a companion animal is not a basic necessity, but rather a voluntary choice and a privilege that demands long-term ethical and financial support capacity.
Impacto del consumo de alimentos concentrados de baja calidad en el estado nutricional y la eficiencia metabólica en gatos domésticos: una revisión sistemática
(Universidad Santiago De Cali, 2026-07-11) Perez albino, Alejandro; Cardona Tobar, Karen Melissa(Directora)
Recent evidence reviewed the way low-quality concentrated food affects a domestic cat's nutritional status, as well as its metabolic efficiency. The main point of interest was that a cat food being called “complete” does not mean that its quality depends only on that designation. Other areas that are also important when considering the quality of cat food include: formulation consistency, digestibility, effective energy density, and labeling consistency, as these factors determine how much energy and nutrients an animal receives from a given food source. This study aimed to synthesize findings related to pet food quality criteria, nutritional status indicators, and metabolic indicators for nutrient use. A systematic review of the indexed literature on PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect published between 2020 and 2026 was conducted, with additional searches performed using Google Scholar. The selection process for studies followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The search identified 110 documents, and after removing duplicates, 89 were screened. Subsequently, 49 full-text articles were evaluated, and 20 of these documents were used for qualitative synthesis. The results of the systematic review suggest that the quality of pet food can affect how well cats can digest foods, including differences in digestion and gastrointestinal tolerance of different types of foods. Energy density and macronutrient sources can also affect body weight and glycolipid levels in domestic cats. It was therefore concluded that the evaluation of concentrated food quality should include nutritional adequacy, manufacturer reliability, and functional use, in order to support clinical decisions and feeding practices at home.
Suplementación mineral como estrategia para mitigar la diseminación de E. coli O157:H7 en la cadena productiva bovina
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-09-03) Gomez Vargas, Natalia; Cabrera Matajira, Carlos Emilio(Director); Guarín Patarroyo, Camilo Ernesto(Director)
This systematic review evaluated mineral supplementation as a strategy to mitigate the spread of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in the cattle production chain. A total of 168 records were retrieved from five databases; after applying eligibility and exclusion criteria, 21 articles were selected, 11 of which were included in the discussion panel and the rest were used to enrich the methodological and introductory sections. The reviewed studies primarily used zinc in different forms (methionine, proteinate, oxide) and, to a lesser extent, copper, reporting positive effects on cattle health and productivity. Among the observed benefits were a reduction in the incidence and duration of diarrhea, increased daily weight gain, improved feed efficiency, and a strengthening of immune function and intestinal barrier integrity. Furthermore, zinc supplementation modulated the intestinal microbiota, promoting beneficial bacterial populations and reducing conditions conducive to E. coli O157:H7 colonization. However, some studies have shown risks such as co-selection of antimicrobial resistance in commensal bacteria. Overall, the evidence suggests that mineral supplementation, especially with highly bioavailable zinc, is promising for preventive strategies, but requires further studies with direct measurements of E. coli O157:H7, methodological standardization, and assessment of associated risks.

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