Medicina Veterinaria
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Item Uso indiscriminado de antihelmínticos en caninos, su impacto en la resistencia a medicamentos: Revisión sistemática(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-09-09) Buitrago Ipia, Heidy JanethEl presente trabajo abordó la problemática del uso indiscriminado de antihelmínticos en caninos y su relación con el desarrollo de resistencia farmacológica en Ancylostoma caninum, situación que ha generado fallas terapéuticas y un incremento en la carga parasitaria tanto a nivel clínico como epidemiológico. El objetivo principal fue evaluar el impacto del uso indiscriminado de antihelmínticos en caninos y su efecto en la resistencia a medicamentos y en la salud animal. Se empleó una metodología de revisión sistemática basada en los lineamientos PRISMA, que incluyó la búsqueda estructurada en bases de datos científicas, la aplicación de criterios de inclusión y exclusión, y la organización de la información mediante una matriz de extracción que contempló variables como tipo de estudio, población, antiparasitarios evaluados, hallazgos en salud y evidencia de resistencia. Los resultados evidenciaron que los benzimidazoles fueron los antihelmínticos más utilizados en caninos, aunque también los más asociados a la aparición de resistencia. Se identificaron mutaciones genéticas como F167Y y Q134H en el gen de la β-tubulina, las cuales se relacionaron con la disminución de la eficacia terapéutica. Asimismo, se observó que la resistencia estuvo asociada a fallas en el tratamiento, persistencia de infecciones, anemia, diarrea y alteraciones en el crecimiento, especialmente en cachorros. Se concluyó que la resistencia a antihelmínticos en caninos constituye un fenómeno complejo y en expansión, impulsado por el uso inadecuado de estos fármacos. Se destacó la necesidad de implementar estrategias de control basadas en diagnóstico, uso racional de medicamentos y vigilancia epidemiológica, con el fin de mitigar su impacto en la salud animal y pública.Item Impacto del cannabidol como coadyuvante en el tratamiento de la osteoartritis en animales domésticos: revisión sistemática(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-09-07) Rodriguez Agredo, LauraEsta revisión se centra en el uso de cannabidiol (CBD) como tratamiento coadyuvante en la osteoartritis, una de las principales causas del dolor crónico en los animales de compañía, afectando su movilidad y, por lo tanto, su calidad de vida. La osteoartritis es la enfermedad más común de los huesos y articulaciones de los animales domésticos, generando toda una serie de consecuencias como la aparición de inflamación crónica, dolor, limitación funcional y cambios en el comportamiento, y el manejo actual del dolor se debe al uso de antiinflamatorios no esteroideos y opioides; pero a medida que transcurre el tiempo en el tratamiento, sus efectos tienen limitaciones, especialmente en los pacientes geriátricos o con comorbilidades, además de existir pocas alternativas analgésicas aprobadas para estos animales. En este sentido, el cannabidiol puede ser considerado una posible opción terapéutica dado que presenta propiedades antiinflamatorias y analgésicas. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo revisar la evidencia científica de la aplicación de cannabidiol como tratamiento coadyuvante del dolor crónico asociado a osteoartritis en animales de compañía. Es por lo que con este propósito se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de literatura, llevando a cabo la búsqueda y selección de artículos científicos en bases de datos especializadas, enfocados en farmacocinética, eficacia analgesica y seguridad del cannabidiol. Los resultados han demostrado que el cannabidiol presentaría un potencial terapéutico bastante prometedor, con buena tolerancia y efectos adversos leves; sin embargo, existe alta evidencia limitada, con un alto requerimiento de estudios clínicos controlados que confirmen su eficacia y seguridad.Item Epidemiología del cáncer en caninos entre 2021 y 2025 en la ciudad de Santiago de Cali: Correlación entre la incidencia de neoplasias y el tipo de dieta suministrada(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-09-21) Villamil Tapias; Lisa Maria; Cabal Aza; David; Villamil Tapias; Lisa Maria Cabal Aza; DavidCancer in dogs is a multifactorial disease of great importance in veterinary medicine. This study aimed to characterize the diet as well as the epidemiological behavior of cancer in six clinics in the south of Santiago de Cali, integrating clinical and demographic variables. An observational, descriptive and retrospective study was conducted based on clinical and histopathological records. As for the demographic variables, age, sex, race and reproductive status were evaluated, while clinical data included the type of diet and localization of neoplasia. The total population consisted of 114 canines from six veterinary clinics in the south of Santiago de Cali. A higher frequency was observed in adult to geriatric animals with an average of 9.22 years; thus, no preference for sex was evident, but predominance in the mestizo race. On the other hand, mastocytoma was the most common neoplasm, with skin being the anatomical area primarily affected. In addition, a predominance of malignant tumors was found and mixed diet was recorded as the most common, although no significant association with the type of neoplasm was identified. It is concluded that the presentation of cancer is consistent with what the existing literature indicates; however, a more thorough evaluation on nutrition in future studies is necessary.Item Efectividad en el Manejo de la Obstrucción Uretral en Felinos Machos: Comparación entre Protocolos Terapéuticos en Medicina Veterinaria: Revisión Sistemática(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-09-14) Parada Ibarra; Laurasophia Llamas Arambulo; Maria Camila; Parada Ibarra; Laurasophia Llamas Arambulo; Maria CamilaUrethral obstruction in male cats is a common medical emergency associated with high morbidity and significant economic implications. Traditionally, urethral catheterization has been considered the treatment of choice; however, increasing recognition of the functional component of the disease has driven interest in conservative medical management strategies. The aim of this systematic review was to compare the effectiveness of the two therapeutic approaches based on the literature published between 2020 and 2026. A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Science direct) following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Studies in English and Spanish that focused on male cats with urethral obstruction and evaluated medical management and/or catheterization were included. After the selection process, 10 studies with different methodological designs were analyzed. The results showed that urethral catheterization maintains high immediate success rates (85–95%), although recurrence rates may reach 29.6% and the procedure is associated with iatrogenic complications. In contrast, conservative medical management demonstrated variable response rates (48–80%), with lower invasiveness and potential usefulness in selected patients, particularly in resource-limited settings. It is concluded that no absolute superiority exists between approaches, and therapeutic decisions should be individualized. Catheterization remains the standard of care in critical cases, while conservative management represents a viable alternative in specific clinical scenarios.Item Prevalencia de neoplasias mamarias en caninos del laboratorio de Patología Veterinaria “Zoopath” de la ciudad de Cali, Colombia en el 2024(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-09-17) Gomez Acevedo; Juan Diego ; Gomez Acevedo; Juan DiegoMammary neoplasms are among the most prevalent oncological pathologies in canine species, especially in older female dogs, representing a challenge in veterinary care due to their biological characteristics and degree of malignancy. In this context, the objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of mammary neoplasms in canines diagnosed at the Zoopath Veterinary Pathology Laboratory in Cali, Colombia, during 2024. Accordingly, a retrospective study with a quantitative approach was conducted, based on the review and analysis of the laboratory's histopathological records and databases. Likewise, the information was analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlational analysis, taking into account aspects such as breed, sex, age, reproductive status, histopathological grade, histopathological diagnosis, and malignancy. Thus, the results revealed a marked predominance of cases in females and a higher frequency of occurrence in animals between 7 and 12 years of age. Specifically, complex carcinoma was the most prevalent histopathological diagnosis, with a frequency of (27,7%), followed by complex adenoma (11,7%) and ductal carcinoma (6,2% ). Furthermore, the findings provide relevant epidemiological information for the early diagnosis, prevention, and clinical management of these pathologies, while highlighting the need to continue developing research that expands knowledge about the factors associated with their occurrence. This study concluded that mammary neoplasms occur more frequently in older female dogs, with complex carcinoma identified as the most frequent diagnosis in the studied population.Item IMPACTO DEL TRATAMIENTO NUTRICIONAL CON CONCENTRADOS DE PRESCRIPCIÓN EN FELINOS CON DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO II EN COLOMBIA(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-06-17) Mosquera Gutierrez; Monica Melissa; Mosquera Gutierrez; Monica MelissaType II diabetes mellitus in felines represents one of the most relevant endocrine diseases in veterinary medicine. It is characterized by insulin resistance, persistent hyperglycemia, and metabolic alterations related to the quality of life of domestic cats. Nutritional management has proven to be an essential therapeutic foundation for its clinical and metabolic control. The objective of this monograph was to systematize the scientific evidence published between 2018 and 2025 on the effects of nutritional management with prescription foods in cats with type II diabetes mellitus, emphasizing its applicability to the Colombian context. A systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA model, using the PubMed, ScienceDirect, SciELO, and Google Scholar databases. CASP, JBI, and GRADE tools were applied to assess methodological quality and risk of bias, selecting only peer-reviewed studies with a moderate or high level of evidence. The results demonstrate that high-protein, low-carbohydrate (<15%) therapeutic diets significantly improve insulin sensitivity, reducing exogenous insulin requirements and inducing clinical remission in mean to 29 % of cases. However, there is a paucity of epidemiological studies in Colombia, as well as socioeconomic limitations that hinder adherence to prescribed diets. In conclusion, therapeutic nutrition represents an effective and necessary strategy for the comprehensive management and/or treatment of feline diabetes, requiring increased research and adaptation of protocols to the Colombian context.Item Efectos Positivos de la Suplementación Nutricional en el Canino Geriátrico Revisión Sistemática(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-09-16) Mina Rivas; Laura Vanessa; Mina Rivas; Laura VanessaRESUMEN La presenterevisión sistemática tuvo como objetivo analizar la evidencia científica disponible sobre los efectos positivos delasuplementación nutricional en el perro geriátrico, con el fin de fundamentar estrategias dietéticas que contribuyanamejorar su salud cognitiva, osteoarticular y metabólica. Se realizó una búsqueda en bases de datos como PubMed,Scopus y Scielo, siguiendo las directrices PRISMA 2020, que incluyó estudios publicados entre 2015 y 2025. Seseleccionaron 10 artículos entre investigaciones experimentales, ensayos clínicos, estudios observacionalesyrevisiones sistemáticas que evaluaran intervenciones nutricionales en perros adultos mayores. Los resultadosevidencian que los antioxidantes y los triglicéridos de cadena media (MCT) presentan el mayor respaldo enlamejora de la función cognitiva, favoreciendo procesos como la memoria y el aprendizaje. En cuanto a las mejorasosteoarticulares, los ácidos grasos omega-3 muestran efectos consistentes en la reducción de la inflamaciónylamejora de la movilidad, mientras que la glucosamina y la condroitina presentan beneficios más moderadosyvariables. En cuanto a la salud metabólica, la evidencia es aún limitada, aunque los estudios sugieren un potencialefectopositivo en la modulación del metabolismo energético y la inflamación sistémica. No obstante, se identificaronlimitaciones importantes en los estudios seleccionados, tales como tamaños muestrales reducidos, corta duración delasintervenciones y heterogeneidad metodológica, que afectaron la capacidad de realizar conclusiones universales.Item Cuidados preventivos en relación con parásitos gastrointestinales en los perros (Canis lupus familiaris) en la comuna 21 de la ciudad de Cali.(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-09-10) Mendez Quintero,Andrea Carolina; Carvajal,Luisa Fernanda; Guarin Patarroyo, Camila Ernesto (Director)Gastrointestinal parasites in canines represent a critical challenge for public health due to their zoonotic potential, particularly in environments with socioeconomic vulnerability. The objective of this research was to identify the relationship between the sociodemographic factors of caregivers and their practices regarding sanitary management, animal welfare, and preventive medicine in Comuna 21 of Cali. A descriptive and cross-sectional methodological design was employed through non-probability convenience sampling, applying structured surveys to 64 canine owners. The results revealed a marked discrepancy between educational attainment or technological access (96.4% with internet connectivity) and health literacy, demonstrating that 70% of respondents are unfamiliar with the term "zoonosis." Likewise, the economic factor was established as the primary barrier for 59% of the population, shifting veterinary assistance toward a strictly reactive approach (45% attend only due to illness) and disrupting prophylactic schedules, wherein 28% deworm irregularly or never. Additionally, deficiencies in public dissemination, reflected by the fact that 82.1% neither attend nor remember free health campaigns coupled with environmental risk behaviors such as off-leash walking (25%) and non-collection of feces (10%), perpetuate environmental biological contamination, thereby increasing the vulnerability of the 23.2% of households cohabiting with children and older adults. It is concluded that the epidemiological risk in this sector is directly linked to a low perception of biological risk and socioeconomic limitations. Therefore, mitigating human exposure demands a shift in institutional and community education, steering public health policies toward an education that raises awareness among caregivers that a companion animal is not a basic necessity, but rather a voluntary choice and a privilege that demands long-term ethical and financial support capacity.Item Impacto del consumo de alimentos concentrados de baja calidad en el estado nutricional y la eficiencia metabólica en gatos domésticos: una revisión sistemática(Universidad Santiago De Cali, 2026-07-11) Perez albino, Alejandro; Cardona Tobar, Karen Melissa(Directora)Recent evidence reviewed the way low-quality concentrated food affects a domestic cat's nutritional status, as well as its metabolic efficiency. The main point of interest was that a cat food being called “complete” does not mean that its quality depends only on that designation. Other areas that are also important when considering the quality of cat food include: formulation consistency, digestibility, effective energy density, and labeling consistency, as these factors determine how much energy and nutrients an animal receives from a given food source. This study aimed to synthesize findings related to pet food quality criteria, nutritional status indicators, and metabolic indicators for nutrient use. A systematic review of the indexed literature on PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect published between 2020 and 2026 was conducted, with additional searches performed using Google Scholar. The selection process for studies followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The search identified 110 documents, and after removing duplicates, 89 were screened. Subsequently, 49 full-text articles were evaluated, and 20 of these documents were used for qualitative synthesis. The results of the systematic review suggest that the quality of pet food can affect how well cats can digest foods, including differences in digestion and gastrointestinal tolerance of different types of foods. Energy density and macronutrient sources can also affect body weight and glycolipid levels in domestic cats. It was therefore concluded that the evaluation of concentrated food quality should include nutritional adequacy, manufacturer reliability, and functional use, in order to support clinical decisions and feeding practices at home.Item Suplementación mineral como estrategia para mitigar la diseminación de E. coli O157:H7 en la cadena productiva bovina(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-09-03) Gomez Vargas, Natalia; Cabrera Matajira, Carlos Emilio(Director); Guarín Patarroyo, Camilo Ernesto(Director)This systematic review evaluated mineral supplementation as a strategy to mitigate the spread of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in the cattle production chain. A total of 168 records were retrieved from five databases; after applying eligibility and exclusion criteria, 21 articles were selected, 11 of which were included in the discussion panel and the rest were used to enrich the methodological and introductory sections. The reviewed studies primarily used zinc in different forms (methionine, proteinate, oxide) and, to a lesser extent, copper, reporting positive effects on cattle health and productivity. Among the observed benefits were a reduction in the incidence and duration of diarrhea, increased daily weight gain, improved feed efficiency, and a strengthening of immune function and intestinal barrier integrity. Furthermore, zinc supplementation modulated the intestinal microbiota, promoting beneficial bacterial populations and reducing conditions conducive to E. coli O157:H7 colonization. However, some studies have shown risks such as co-selection of antimicrobial resistance in commensal bacteria. Overall, the evidence suggests that mineral supplementation, especially with highly bioavailable zinc, is promising for preventive strategies, but requires further studies with direct measurements of E. coli O157:H7, methodological standardization, and assessment of associated risks.Item La Importancia de los acidos grasos omega-3 en el manejo de la inflamación hepatica en perros. Revisión de literatura cientifica(Universidad Santiago de cali, 2026-06-12) Jaramillo Donney´s,Veronica; Gutiérrez Gómez, Juan David(Director)This technical report aims to highlight the importance of omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) in the management of chronic canine hepatic inflammation, emphasizing their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and pro-resolution action at the molecular level. It seeks to demonstrate the lack of a clear consensus on specific therapeutic dosages, coupled with variations in bioavailability depending on the supplement form and the typical dietary imbalance with excess omega-6 fatty acids, which complicates their clinical application. The report underscores the need for individualized prescribing that considers supplement quality, monitoring for risks such as coagulopathy, and using objective biomarkers (e.g., C-reactive protein) to assess response. Although the potential benefit of omega-3s includes reducing the dosage of hepatotoxic drugs, robust clinical evidence in dogs with liver disease remains scarce, with a lack of controlled studies. Furthermore, it seeks to conclude that optimal management requires precision medicine, addressing current methodological limitations and promoting future research that validates doses, biomarkers, and sustainable sources of omega-3 to ensure safety and efficacy in the nutritional support of canine hepatic disease..Item Impacto de la suplementación con ácidos grasos omega-3 y omega-6 sobre la fisiología reproductiva y la fertilidad en bovinos (Bos taurus): revisión sistemática(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-06-09) Carabali Carabali, Cristian David; Cardona Tobar, Karen Melissa(Directora)Reproductive efficiency in dairy production systems, especially in high-producing cows (Bos taurus), plays a fundamental role in the economic sustainability of these systems. However, it is compromised by factors such as negative energy balance during the transition period, which affects ovarian function and reduces fertility. In this context, omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids have been proposed as nutritional modulators of reproductive physiology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of supplementation with these fatty acids on reproductive physiology and fertility in dairy cattle (Bos taurus). To this end, a systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, through a search of scientific literature published between 2016 and 2026 in specialized databases (PubMed, Scopus, Scielo, Web of Science, and Google Scholar); this review included controlled clinical trials, experimental studies, and systematic reviews. The results showed that omega-3 fatty acids contribute to improving conception rate, embryonic survival, and luteal function. In contrast, omega-6 fatty acids promote ovarian cyclicity and ovulation depending on the dose. Furthermore, it was identified that the reproductive response depends on the balance between both types of fatty acids, as well as the physiological and metabolic status of the animals. In this regard, supplementation with omega-3 and omega-6 may have positive effects on bovine reproduction, provided that an adequate balance is maintained to optimize fertility.Item Impacto de la aflatoxina M1 en la salud bovina y su implicación en la seguridad alimentaria por contaminación de productos lácteos(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-09-02) Hernández Alarcón, Nathalie; Cabrera Matajira, Carlos Emilio(Director); Guarín Patarroyo,Camilo Ernesto(Director)This systematic review analyzed 35 articles published between 2020 and 2025 on the presence and effects of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in the dairy chain, with the aim of assessing its impact on animal health and food safety. The studies originated in 22 countries in Asia, the Americas, Europe, and Africa and mainly comprised descriptive observational designs (65.7%), controlled experimental designs (22.8%), and technological or methodological validation designs (11.5%). Overall, more than 7,200 samples of raw and pasteurized milk, cheeses, and livestock feed were evaluated. The most commonly used methodologies included ELISA, HPLC, and LC-MS/MS, the latter two standing out for their greater sensitivity and specificity. The levels of AFM1 detected ranged from 0.01 to 1.2 µg/L, with values above the maximum permissible limit (0.05 µg/L) in 28% of the studies. The effects observed in cattle included liver damage, reduced milk production, and oxidative stress. In the area of food safety, a potential risk to consumers due to bioaccumulation and chronic exposure was evident. The methodological evaluation, based on the Cochrane tool, showed variability in the quality and bias of the studies, with experimental studies being the most rigorous. Overall, the findings underscore the need to strengthen surveillance systems, promote preventive practices in animal feed, and harmonize mycotoxin detection methods to ensure safety throughout the dairy supply chain.Item La coproparasitología como herramienta para la vigilancia zoonótica: Revisión sistemática en poblaciones caninas en Colombia(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-08-31) Santana Rodriguez, Kenny Alejandra; Ospina Varón, Carlos Mario( Director)This systematic review addresses the problem of zoonotic parasites transmitted by domestic canids in Colombia, a scenario where traditional coproparasitological techniques present critical sensitivity limitations in the face of alarming prevalence rates. The central objective was to analyze how the integration of quantitative methods, molecular epidemiology, and predictive models optimizes surveillance under the One Health approach. Methodologically, research on advanced technologies was synthesized, highlighting qPCR to quantify Parasite Genomes per Gram (PGG) and overcome the deficiencies of semi-quantitative methods such as Kato-Katz. Likewise, the role of molecular epidemiology in genotyping zoonotic strains (e.g., Giardia duodenalis) and detecting anthelmintic resistance was examined. The use of machine learning (ML) to mitigate epidemiological delays, and Quantitative Microbiological Risk Assessment (QMRA) to estimate human exposure risks within the framework of community surveillance, were also evaluated. The findings show that these tools achieve diagnostic sensitivities of up to 100%, allow for the anticipation of outbreaks with high precision, and generate substantial preventive economic benefits. In conclusion, the convergence of these technologies consolidates canine coproparasitology as a vital component of global biosecurity and public health, although it requires overcoming significant technical and governance challenges.Item Asociación entre la falla en la transferencia de inmunidad pasiva y la aparición de hipoglucemia neonatal en potros(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-08-06) Rincon Valencia, Samuel; Martinez Lozano, Alexander(Director)Failure of passive transfer of immunity (FPT) constitutes one of the main causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality in foals, while neonatal hypoglycemia represents a common metabolic alteration in this species. This systematic review, developed according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, aimed to analyze the available scientific evidence on the association between FPT and the occurrence of neonatal hypoglycemia in foals. A structured search was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Redalyc, and Google Scholar, identifying 44 initial records, of which 21 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the qualitative synthesis. The reviewed studies describe two main pathophysiological pathways: a direct one of primary nutritional hypoglycemia due to colostrum deprivation, and an indirect one mediated by sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome, which induces a hypermetabolic state and hepatic dysfunction, exacerbating the energy deficit. The reviewed evidence supports a synergistic interaction between the immunological and metabolic components of the equine neonate, highlighting the importance of early recognition of FPT through Brix refractometry and constant glucose monitoring.Item Impacto del estrés oxidativo en la salud animal, actualidad, consecuencias y tratamiento en medicina veterinaria. Revisión sistemática(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-09-07) Vega Ramirez,Santiago; Guarin Patarroyo, Camilo(Director); Cabrera Matajira, Carlos(Director)Oxidative stress (OS) constitutes an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and the capacity of endogenous antioxidant systems to neutralize them, resulting in damage to lipids, proteins, and DNA. In veterinary medicine, this phenomenon has been implicated in multiple diseases of domestic animals, although its recognition and clinical management remain limited. This monograph aimed to analyze the impact of OS on animal health, addressing recent advances in its diagnosis, clinical consequences, and therapeutic strategies. A qualitative literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, through searches in Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, SciELO, PubMed, and Scopus, using keywords such as "oxidative stress", "antioxidants", and "ischemia reperfusion injury". Publications from the last five years in English and Spanish were prioritized, finally selecting articles for analysis. The findings indicated that OS participates in infectious conditions (parvovirosis, paratuberculosis), ischemia-reperfusion (equine colic), metabolic diseases (feline chronic kidney disease), and environmental stress (heat, pollution). Antioxidant strategies such as vitamins E and C, selenium, polyphenols, and resveratrol were identified, with varying levels of evidence depending on the species and clinical condition. Therapeutic protocols for large and small animals were proposed. It is concluded that OS is an active pathophysiological mechanism that can precipitate death in scenarios such as equine colic and canine parvovirosis, and that its monitoring and antioxidant treatment may mprove prognosis, although further studies are required to standardize doses and biomarkers in each species.Item Eficacia de la deslorelina como anticonceptivo en zarigüeyas macho (Didelphis marsupialis)(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-07-16) Osorio León, Lina Maria; Bermeo Sierra, Marta Liliana(Directora); Orjuela Acosta, Delio(Director)The overabundance of opossums (Didelphis marsupialis) in urban environments represents an ecological and public health challenge, highlighting the need for effective non-lethal population control strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a 4.7 mg subcutaneous deslorelin implant as a contraceptive in adult males of this species. A longitudinal experimental study was conducted at a wildlife rescue center in Cali, Colombia, including 16 individuals assigned to a control group (n = 8) and a treatment group (n = 8). Reproductive function was assessed by measuring sperm concentration and testicular volume before treatment (T0) and 15 days post-implantation (T1). The treated group showed a marked reduction in sperm concentration, with azoospermia observed in 62.5% of individuals (5/8). One individual exhibited a severe decrease, one a moderate reduction, and one showed an increase consistent with a transient stimulatory (“flare-up”) effect. In contrast, the control group maintained stable sperm concentrations (34–83 million/mL), with no relevant changes between T0 and T1. A general reduction in testicular volume was also observed in treated individuals, whereas no significant variations were detected in the control group. These findings indicate that deslorelin induces rapid suppression of spermatogenesis in male Didelphis marsupialis, representing a promising non-lethal alternative for reproductive control under ex situ management conditions. However, variability in individual response highlights the need for further studies to assess the duration and consistency of the effect.Item Manejo médico-quirúrgico de fracturas en aves silvestres: revisión sistemática de la literatura y análisis de sus implicaciones en la conservación (2014–2024)(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-08-26) Medina Galeano, Angie Katherine; Pelegrín Ramírez, Jonathan(Director); Palomino, Lina Marcela(Directora)Fractures are a leading cause of admission to wildlife rehabilitation centers and directly affect the survival of birds in their natural habitat. This monograph, based on a PRISMA 2020 systematic review of 57 articles published between 2014 and 2024, characterizes the medical-surgical management of fractures in wild birds and examines their implications for conservation efforts. A total of 71 injuries were identified. The most common sites were the tibiotarsus 27%, coracoid 11%, and ulna 11%, which together account for 49% of all cases. This indicates that nearly half of the traumas occur in the pelvic limb and the wing, regions essential for locomotion and flight. Raptors accounted for 87.6% of the reported cases, reflecting a bias toward species of high ecological value. Surgical management predominated over conservative treatment, using external fixators, intramedullary pins, and bone plates. Release rates were higher for long bone fractures and lower for articular or femoral injuries. The study concludes that treatment should be individualized, prioritizing functional recovery for release and applying ethical criteria when the prognosis is unfavorable. From a One Health perspective, the importance of biosecurity and responsible antimicrobial use in rehabilitation centers is highlighted.Item Análisis comparativo del uso de corticosteroides betametasona vs prednisolona en otitis externa, media e interna canina. Revisión sistemática(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-08-31) Perdomo Galeano, Sofia Valentina; Correa Toro, Nelson William(Director)This systematic review addressed the complex problem of canine otitis, a prevalent inflammatory condition affecting the ear canal and surrounding structures, and one of the most frequent reasons for veterinary visits. The disease, resulting from multiple etiological factors, progresses to severe histological changes such as stenosis and fibrosis, complicating medical therapy. The objective of this review was to compare the effectiveness and safety of betamethasone and prednisolone in the treatment of otitis externa, media, and interna in dogs, considering their distinct pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profiles. The methodology was based on a comparative analysis of the pharmacology of both glucocorticoids, a review of the clinical efficacy reported in studies for different locations of otitis, and an evaluation of their safety profiles, including suppression of the hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal axis and systemic effects. The results indicated that betamethasone, with its high anti-inflammatory potency and prolonged duration of action, was more effective in the rapid control of acute and severe otitis externa, especially in long-acting formulations that improved treatment adherence. However, it was associated with a higher risk of prolonged HPA axis suppression and elevated liver enzymes. On the other hand, prednisolone, with its intermediate potency and shorter duration of action, was established as the gold standard for the systemic treatment of otitis media and interna, as well as for chronic proliferative otitis externa, offering a better safety profile for medium- and long-term treatments. It was concluded that the choice between betamethasone and prednisolone should be precise, recommending topical betamethasone for acute otitis externa due to its effectiveness and ease of administration, and systemic prednisolone for otitis media, interna, and chronic stenotic conditions, due to its balance between systemic anti-inflammatory effectiveness and metabolic safety.Item Relación entre los niveles de Ácido Úrico en la sangre y los tipos de dietas en caninos: un estudio nutricional(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-08-27) Collazos Paz, Jose Manuel; Escobar Lozada, Isabella; Rodríguez Neira, Cristian Fernando(Director)This study analyzes the relationship between uric acid levels in the blood of canines in Santiago de Cali and three types of diets: concentrated feed, BARF (biologically appropriate raw food) diets, and mixed diets. The sample consisted of 35 healthy canines, evaluated through biochemical analyses and characterization surveys. The results showed that canines on a BARF diet presented the highest average uric acid levels (1.34 mg/dL), followed by the mixed diet (0.87 mg/dL) and the concentrated feed (0.72 mg/dL). Frequent consumption of offal was identified as the main dietary factor associated with increased uric acid levels. Additionally, a critical impact of hemolysis was quantified, which artificially raises uric acid levels by up to 97%, underscoring the importance of pre-analytical quality in veterinary diagnosis. It is concluded that there is a direct correlation between the type of diet and the purine profile, which requires adjustments in preventive nutritional recommendations.