Doctorado en Ciencias Aplicadas
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Browsing Doctorado en Ciencias Aplicadas by Subject "Aging"
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Item Efectividad de un programa de educación en neurociencia respecto a tratamiento convencional sobre dolor, calidad de vida y capacidad funcional en adultos con dolor oncológico. Ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Ordoñez Mora, Leidy Tatiana; Rosero Rosero, Ilem Dayana (Directora); Guil Bozal, Rocío (Directora)One of the symptoms related to cancer, which is often difficult to control, is pain. The prevalence of this symptomatology ranges between 20 and 60%. Regarding intervention options, they range from pharmacological modulation to the use of physical means (cold, electrotherapy), as well as the practice of physical exercise as a modulation mechanism. Previous research has established recommendations for the inclusion of educational interventions in palliative care. In this sense, pain neuroscience education (PNE) is a pain modulation strategy that has gained strength in the last decade. However, research is needed to examine its effectiveness in modulating cancer pain. Therefore, we sought to analyze the effectiveness of a neuroscience education program compared to conventional treatment on pain, quality of life, and functional capacity in adults with cancer pain. A randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out with two groups: one corresponding to PNE, where participants carried out an intervention of nine sessions of 30 minutes each, added to conventional management; the second group only received conventional management as estimated by the treating physician. Sixty-six adults with the presence of cancer pain were included. Based on the initial evaluation, a randomization process was carried out, assigning 33 participants to each group. There was an external evaluator with the objective of generating blindness. The result was that an education program in pain neuroscience compared to conventional treatment can be effective for adults with cancer pain, generating statistically significant changes in pain intensity, pain impact, central sensitization, and biopsychosocial changes such as depression, kinesiophobia, catastrophism, and quality of life. Changes were found in the physical function variables at the level of aerobic capacity. Future interventions should continue with a personalized protocol that allows for patient feedback and incorporates educational processes within palliative care units.Item Relación del flujo sanguíneo y la temperatura en función del tiempo con la hiperemia reactiva como indicador temprano de lesiones por presión(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2025-11-14) Jiménez Cerquera, Catalina ; Zambrano Bermeo, Rosa Nury (Directora); Manrique Julio, Jorge Eliecer (Director)To analyze the time course of skin blood flow and temperature, using reactive hyperemia as an early indicator of pressure injuries in older adults. Methods. We conducted a prospective observational cohort study (n = 55). Descriptive statistics and normality tests were applied; bivariate analyses explored the association and/or significance of other variables with the occurrence of a hyperemic response. The hyperemic response (BF_max) was modeled using discrete-time survival with a complementary log–log (cloglog) link and a log offset. Additionally, a robust logistic/GEE model was fitted including optical–structural determinants (Red/IR ratio, thickness). We constructed a Cutaneous Microvascular Response Index, composed of responsiveness (how fast and how much flow increases) and recovery capacity (ability to return to baseline). Model performance (AUC, Brier score) and associations (OR/HR with 95% CI) were assessed. Results. We characterized the temporal behavior of blood flow and temperature at the evaluated site up to the onset of the hyperemic response, identified its latency and conditions of occurrence, and proposed a model that not only represents the data dynamics but also shows potential utility to stratify cutaneous microvascular risk and complement clinical scales such as Braden.