Browsing by Author "Molina Recio, Guillermo"
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Item Association between Cervical Cancer and Dietary Patterns in Colombia(2023-12) Meneses Urrea, Luz Adriana; Vaquero Abellán, Manuel; Villegas Arenas, Dolly; Benachi Sandoval, Narly; Hernández Carrillo, Mauricio; Molina Recio, GuillermoCervical cancer is a global public health problem. It is the second leading cause of death among women of childbearing age worldwide. Several factors, including diet, have been shown to influence the risk of persistent HPV infection and tumor progression. This paper determines the relationship between dietary patterns and cervical cancer. It is an ecological study of multiple groups, based on twonational sources: the High-Cost Account and the National Survey of Nutritional Situation of Colombia of 2015. The population consisted of 3472 women aged 35 to 64. The incidence of cervical cancer was used as the dependent variable while the independent variables included food consumption according to established patterns, area of residence, age, physical activity, and BMI, among other variables. The statistical analysis performed through associations between variables was evaluated by multiple linear regression using R2. 38.9% of the evaluated population belonged to the first quartile of wealth, and 76.5% resided in the municipal capital. The incidence of cervical cancer in Colombia was associated with being affiliated to a state-subsidized health regime and having diabetes mellitus. A conservative eating pattern, as well as belonging to a rural area, are evidenced as protective factors. These results invite the need to encourage public policies and promote healthy lifestyles.Item Colorectal and gastric cancer and its association with dietary patterns in Colombia(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Meneses Urrea, Luz Adriana; Vaquero Abellán, Manuel; Villegas Arenas, Dolly; Benachi Sandoval, Narly; Hernández Carrillo, Mauricio; Molina Recio, GuillermoIntroduction: Cancer is a leading cause of death in the Americas. Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer, while stomach cancer is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Tobacco and alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity and air pollution are risk factors for these cancers. This study aimed to identify the association between dietary patterns and gastric and colorectal cancer. Methodology: A multi-cluster ecological study, using as secondary sources two national databases, the HIGIA (High-Cost Account) and the ENSIN 2015 (National Survey of Nutritional Status of Colombia 2015), was carried out. The population consisted of 2585 people over 50 years of age, distributed in six regions of Colombia: Atlántica, Central, Oriental, Pacífica, Amazonía-Orinoquía, and Bogotá. Multiple linear regression was performed using R2 to measure goodness of fit to estimate the effect between colorectal cancer incidence rate/gastric cancer incidence rate and exposure factors. Results: A positive association was observed between colorectal cancer and non-compliance with the recommendation of vigorous physical activity (p = 0.00) and consumption of beverages/grilled food pattern (p = 0.001). Conversely, it decreased incidence by enjoying some specific health insurance and following a conservative dietary pattern (p = 0.05). Gastric cancer incidence was found to increase with age (p = 0.000), sex (p = 0.001), and consumption of the beverages/grilled food pattern (p = 0.006). However, being in the first wealth quartile decreased the incidence (p = 0.002). Conclusion: There is evidence of an association between diet, physical activity and wealth quartile with colorectal and gastric cancer. This information should be considered for preventive interventions in the population.Item Dietary Patterns in Colombia: An Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis(Frontiers Media SA, 2022) Meneses Urrea, Luz Adriana; Vaquero Abellán, Manuel; Benachi Sandoval, Narly; Villegas Arenas, Dolly; Osorio Murillo, Olga; Molina Recio, GuillermoThis study aimed to construct and validate dietary patterns in Colombian individuals aged between 15 and 64 years. The study sample consisted of 16,216 individuals who participated in the 2015 National Survey on the Nutritional Situation of Colombia (ENSIN). To identify dietary patterns, an exploratory analysis was first conducted with 16 food groups with 70% of the study sample, followed by a confirmatory analysis with the remaining 30%. Four eating patterns were identified, referred to as traditional, industrialized, conservative, and grilled foods/drinks. The traditional pattern presented the highest variance (17.65%), followed by the industrialized (14.36%), conservative (10.74%), and grilled foods/drinks (7.57%) patterns. Regarding the frequency of food consumption, the preference for the consumption of rice/pasta and panela/sugar/honey was evident. In contrast, low consumption of whole foods, energizers, light foods, supplements, and salt was observed. The dietary patterns in Colombia continue to be characterized by a high consumption of panela/sugar/honey and low consumption of fruits/vegetables, which is why the development of public health interventions to improve these habits, such as health promotion and chronic disease prevention tools, is considered necessary.Item Efficacy and Acceptability of a Mobile App for Monitoring the Clinical Status of Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Receiving Home Oxygen Therapy: Randomized Controlled Trial(JMIR Publications Inc., 2025-06-01) Naranjo Rojas, Anisbed; Perula De Torres, Luis Ángel; Cruz Mosquera, Freiser Eccehomo; Molina Recio, GuillermoBackground: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) primarily originates from exposure to tobacco smoke, although factors, such as air pollution and exposure to chemicals, also play a role. One of the primary treatments for COPD is oxygen therapy, which helps manage dyspnea and improve survival rates. Mobile health (mHealth) technologies have demonstrated significant potential in monitoring patients with chronic diseases, offering new avenues for enhancing patient care and disease management. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of a mobile app designed for the clinical monitoring of patients with COPD and home oxygen (HO) therapy, compared with conventional monitoring in real-world community settings. Methods: A parallel-group, nonblinded, multicenter randomized controlled trial was conducted with 45 participants; the intervention group (IG), which used the mobile app in addition to conventional monitoring (n=23) and the control group, which received only conventional monitoring (n=22), administered by therapists over a duration of 3 months. The primary outcomes included the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test (CAT) score, the level of dyspnea measured by the Borg scale, and oxygen saturation percentage, assessed at both the beginning and end of the trial. Secondary outcomes included the frequency of app use, the number of hospitalizations, and survival rates. In addition, a satisfaction survey and an interview were conducted with the IG. Results: The median use of the mobile app was 21 (IQR 16-28) days. At the end of the follow-up, the Borg dyspnea scale was significantly lower in patients who used the mobile app for HO therapy monitoring (mean 0.6, SD 0.8 vs mean 4.1, SD 1.4; P=.001). Regarding the impact of COPD on quality of life, as measured by the CAT, no differences were found in the scores between baseline and end-of-follow-up within the control group. However, a significant decrease was observed in the IG (baseline median CAT 27, IQR 23-31 vs final median CAT 22, IQR 14-28; P<.001). In addition, the CAT score was significantly higher in patients receiving conventional monitoring compared with those monitored with the mobile app (median 30, IQR 23-32 vs median 22, IQR 14-28; P=.02). Conclusions: The use of the mobile app, AppO2 (SINCO), designed for the clinical monitoring of patients with COPD and HO therapy, is associated with improved quality of life. In addition, the app is highly accepted by users, promotes self-care, and fosters patient confidence in managing their own condition.Item Factors Associated with Nutritional Risk Assessment in Critically Ill Patients Using the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST)(MDPI, 2024) Díaz Chavarro, Blanca Cecilia; Molina Recio, Guillermo; Assis Reveiz, Jorge Karim; Romero Saldaña, ManuelBackground: Malnutrition is an underdiagnosed condition that negatively affects the clinical outcomes of patients, being associated with an increased risk of adverse events, increased hospital stay, and higher mortality. Therefore, nutritional assessment is a required and necessary process in patient care. The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with nutritional risk by applying the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) scale in a population of critically ill patients. Methods: This was an observational, analytical, and retrospective study. Sociodemographic, clinical, hematological, and biochemical variables and their relationship with nutritional risk and mortality were analyzed. Results: Of 630 patients, the leading cause of admission was pathologies of the circulatory and respiratory system (50%); 28.4% were at high nutritional risk; and mortality was 11.6% and associated with nutritional risk, hemoglobin, and plasma urea nitrogen. Conclusions: The presence of gastrointestinal symptoms and the type of nutritional support received during hospitalization could increase the likelihood of presenting a medium/high nutritional risk, while polycythemia reduced this probability. An associative model was found to determine nutritional risk with an adequate specificity and diagnostic validity index.Item Impact of nutritional screening on mortality and intensive care unit length of stay(Frontiers Media SA, 2025-02-10) Díaz Chavarro, Blanca Cecilia; Romero Saldaña, Manuel; Assis Reveiz, Jorge Karim; Molina Recio, GuillermoBackground: Nutritional assessment is a fundamental part of the treatment of patients hospitalized in the ICU, allowing the implementation of interventions appropriate to the identified requirements. Since the risk of malnutrition is a modifiable factor, its correct management can positively influence hospital evolution. This study aims to test the impact of the incorporation of nutritional screening and assessment on mortality and length of stay in patients hospitalized in an Intensive Care Unit in Cali, Colombia, during the years 2019 and 2021–2022. Methods: This is a historical cohort epidemiological study where one cohort consisted of 114 patients who received a standard nutritional screening (interpretation of body mass index and its clinical impression). The other cohort of 630 patients was those exposed to screening with the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) scale. Hematological, clinical, and nutritional variables were considered and their relationship with adverse events, length of hospital stay, and discharge status. Results: There were significant differences between the two cohorts (p < 0.001), with increased mortality and length of hospital stay in patients who received standard nutritional screening without MUST. Furthermore, there was a greater presence of enteral support, diarrhea, anemia, leukocytosis, and lymphopenia in this cohort. Conclusion: Implementing the MUST screening method and specific nutritional interventions resulted in a significant improvement in patient mortality figures. In addition, the predictive mortality model revealed that emesis and leukopenia increased the probability of death.Item Nutritional State, Immunological and Biochemical Parameters, and Mortality in the ICU: An Analytical Study(2023-07) Díaz Chavarro, Blanca Cecilia; Romero Saldaña, Manuel; Assis Reveiz, Jorge Karim; Molina Recio, GuillermoIntensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization involves critically ill patients with multiple diseases and possible complications, including malnutrition, which increases hospital stay and mortality. Therefore, identifying the patient’s prior nutritional state, following up during hospitalization, and implementing early intervention positively affect patient’s vital situations at discharge. The objective of this study is to determine the nutritional state of patients admitted to an ICU in Cali (Colombia) in 2019 and its association with immunological and biochemical parameters and mortality observed during hospitalization. This was an observational, analytical, and retrospective study of patients admitted to an ICU in a clinic in Cali (Colombia) from 1 January to 31 March 2019. The association between their nutritional state and outcome variables such as hospital stay, immunological and biochemical function, and mortality was analyzed. Logistic regression was used to predict patients’ vital status at hospital discharge. In terms of the nutritional level, low weight was observed in 17.5% patients, and overweight/obesity was observed in 53.5% of the population. Nutritional state was associated with leukocytosis. The patients with lymphocytosis had longer hospital stays than those with normal lymphocyte ranges. Age, blood leukocytes, and creatinine and potassium levels increased the risk of mortality. Lymphocyte values have been used as predictors of severity and hospitalization time. The scientific literature has also evidenced a higher leukocyte count in people with obesity, and such leukocytosis is associated with the risk of mortality. The results of blood and laboratory tests determining kidney function and blood electrolytes allow for the prediction of mortality risk in critically ill patients.Item Patients, caregivers, and healthcare professionals' needs when designing the content of a mobile application for the clinical monitoring of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and home oxygen therapy: A user-centered design(2022-09) Naranjo Rojas, Anisbed; Perula de Torres, Luis Ángel; Molina Recio, GuillermoBackground: Patients with chronic respiratory diseases require oxygen supply in a considerable amount to reduce their symptoms and increase their survival. The development of abilities for the self-management of chronic diseases has been shown to be essential to decrease exacerbation of symptoms. Therefore, the design and development of health mobile applications (apps) that aid in educating and training for disease self-management are cost-effective strategies. Objective: The purpose of this research was to describe the main characteristics that, according to final users, should be included in a mobile application for monitoring patients prescribed home oxygen therapy. Methods: A participative-qualitative design was used, involving direct participation of patients, caregivers, and healthcare professionals. Focus groups were conducted to identify the needs and perspectives related to the app. A card sorting method was used to determine the contents and basic architecture of the app. Results: By means of the focus groups, we could identify nine basic functions of the app for the clinical monitoring of patients under home oxygen therapy. For both profiles, the app structure was determined by identifying the most frequent contents among participants. Conclusions: The implementation of a user-centered design allowed for the detection of the functions, contents, and basic architecture of the app by identifying healthcare professionals and patients' needs and preferences regarding the self-management and monitoring of home oxygen prescriptionsItem Usability of a mobile application for the clinical follow-up of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and home oxygen therapy(2023-07) Naranjo Rojas, Anisbed; Perula de Torres, Luis Ángel; Cruz Mosquera, Freiser Eceomo; Molina Recio, GuillermoBackground Technological health tools (e-Health) may potentially facilitate the treatment of patients with chronic diseases through development of self-management and -care skills in patients and caregivers. However, these tools are usually marketed without prior analysis and without providing any context to final users, which frequently results in low adherence to their use. Purpose To determine the usability of and satisfaction toward a mobile app for the clinical monitoring of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) receiving oxygen therapy at home. Methods This was a participative-qualitative study focused on final users—with direct intervention by patients and professionals—consisting of three phases as follows: (i) medium-fidelity mockups design, (ii) development of a usability test for each user profile, and (iii) assessment of the satisfaction level regarding the usability of the mobile app. A sample was established and selected through non-probability convenience sampling and was divided into two groups as follows: healthcare professionals (n = 13) and patients (n = 7). Each participant received a smartphone with mockup designs. The “think-aloud” method was applied in the usability test. Participants were audio recorded and the anonymous transcriptions were analyzed, highlighting fragments about mockups characteristics and the usability test. The difficulty level of the tasks was assessed with a scale from 1 (very easy) to 5 (too difficult), and task non-completion was considered a critical mistake. The satisfaction level related to test usability was assessed with a 4-score Likert scale ranging from 4 (totally agree) to 1 (totally disagree). Results Regarding the difficulty level, >60% of professionals described most tasks as “very easy” and 70% of patients as “easy.” No participant made critical mistakes and both groups reported a high satisfaction level regarding the usability variables. The patient and professionals group required 18 and 11 min to complete all tasks, respectively. Conclusions Participants described the app as intuitive and easy to use. The usability satisfaction results show a high level of satisfaction for both groups. This positive assessment and performance in user tests showed that the mobile application was able to be apprehended and used by participants in the circumstances of use in the usability tests. Usability evaluation through satisfaction surveys and qualitative data analysis allows for greater insight into the use of mobile applications in healthcare.