Browsing by Author "Arcos Hurtado, Edgar Francisco (Director)"
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Item Desarrollo de un dispositivo biomecatrónico adaptable al miembro superior humano para ejercicios funcionales de acondicionamiento físico(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Tovar Sánchez, Javier David; Franco Vargas, Sergio Alejandro; Arcos Hurtado, Edgar Francisco (Director)Recognizing the importance of technology in the different processes of scientific, economic and social research, and putting it at the service of man in favor of improving their health conditions, has been a constant throughout history. Today these advanced technologies are offered only in specialized places for such purposes, which limits users in time and space to make use of them, not allowing the integration of such technologies to their daily lives and facilitate their living conditions. Another relevant aspect is the high costs associated with these technologies, a factor that prevents people who do not have economic resources from accessing them. Taking into account these aspects, and in order to reach a larger population, we developed a biomechatronic device adaptable to the human upper limb with double functionality, the first is the prevention of diseases associated with sedentary lifestyle through the enhancement of functional exercises of physical conditioning, focusing mainly on strengthening and bodybuilding in the early stages after an injury, the second is rehabilitation for people with mobility difficulties in the upper limb, either by natural causes or accidental, providing in a single portable device the ability to prevent and rehabilitate diseases and / or injuries of the upper limb. The first is the ability to prevent and rehabilitate diseases and / or injuries of the upper limb. In the process of developing the device, stages of planning, generation and evaluation of concepts, detailed design, construction, tests and adjustments were carried out to finally arrive at the prototype that managed to satisfactorily supply the bodybuilding and rehabilitation phases, the latter being the main axis, given the technical specifications required for bodybuilding in active users.Item Desarrollo de una órtesis para rehabilitación de hombro con dos grados de libertad de uso domiciliario(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Valdés Olivera, Joseph Alejandro; Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director); Arcos Hurtado, Edgar Francisco (Director)Limitations in upper limb movement due to pathologies or accidents can significantly impact a person's daily life, affecting their social, economic, and professional activities. This underscores the importance of rehabilitation, which, through consistent therapies, can effectively aid in the recovery process. However, traditional rehabilitation often relies on large supportive devices, necessitating visits to care centers. Unfortunately, inconsistent attendance can lead to slow or even nonexistent progress. To address this, portable active orthoses have emerged as a potential solution, offering the possibility of faster recovery. In this study, an additional degree of freedom (flexion extension of the shoulder) was integrated into an orthosis previously developed at the University of Santiago de Cali, tailored for upper limb rehabilitation in individuals with limited shoulder movement. The implementation involved redesigning the device, updating electronic components for improved ergonomics, and incorporating a linear motor. The device underwent evaluation with 15 participants performing shoulder flexion-extension movements from rest to 70, yielding an acceptability rating of 75.6 out of 100 using the system usability method.Item Desarrollo mecánico de una prótesis para desarticulación de codo(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2021) Salazar Rojas, Michael Alexander; Sánchez Montehermoso, Melissa ; Arcos Hurtado, Edgar Francisco (Director); Bermeo Varón, Leonardo Antonio (Director)Amputations are a procedure in which a limb is separated from the body. As a result of this process, you have a residual limb or stump. Commonly, amputations are the result of traffic accidents or work-related accidents, mostly in the agricultural sector. When an individual has undergone an amputation, his limb can be replaced by a prosthesis that will allow you to perform functions that you have lost in some way. In this work was realized a development of an active prosthesis, which will help the user to perform movements that facilitate the development of their daily activities, for example, brushing their teeth, putting food in their mouth, carrying or directing some kind as an object. These activities can be carried out because the prosthesis can perform movements such as supination and pronation of the elbow, as well as flexion (140º) and extension of the same. The design of the prosthesis has a clamp or gripper; a grip element, which will allow the user to grasp or hold objects regardless of their shape and that meet an average weight of 500gr. The clamp has a maximum (10 cm) and minimum (0 cm) opening limit. The prosthesis is designed with materials that allow its durability, materials resistant to prolonged use and rigid to execute the movements correctly, but at the same time they are light materials that do not generate a weight disproportionate to that which the patient can support, as this can cause another type of inconveniences in the health of the user. Gears were used for the transmission system and electric actuators were used for the actuation system.Item Diseño de dispositivo de aprendizaje de Braille manejado a través de una interfaz gráfica(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Galarza Jiménez, Juan Manuel; Arcos Hurtado, Edgar Francisco (Director)Visual impairment affects millions of people worldwide, and the Braille system is essential for their literacy and communication. However, traditional Braille instruction presents challenges, particularly in developing countries. This project proposes an innovative Braille teaching device that addresses these limitations and improves access to literacy. The device utilizes actuators, programming languages, and microcontrollers to create a graphical interface that generates Braille characters and symbols accurately and efficiently. The project's methodology is based on requirement identification, literature review, conceptual design, and initial prototyping, seeking a comprehensive design that maximizes the device's effectiveness and applicability in educational settings. The device, designed with a comprehensive methodology that merges deductive principles to maximize its effectiveness and applicability in educational settings, has been evaluated with visually impaired users and non-visually impaired users, generating an inclusion environment. Before using the device, the same knowledge test was administered to generate initial information. The same test was presented after teaching sessions using the device, and an average score increase of 26% was observed, along with positive feedback on ease of use, the value of auditory feedback, and the practicality of personalized learning.Item Diseño e implementación de un sistema de adquisición basado en señales mioeléctricas para la ejecución de movimientos en una prótesis didáctica de miembro superior derecho(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Rentería Vivero, Juberth Andrés; Arcos Hurtado, Edgar Francisco (Director)Myoelectric signals are electrical signals produced by a muscle during the process of contraction and relaxation, each time an individual makes a movement, for example, elbow flexion. These signals can be used in the sense that with the correct acquisition and processing of myoelectric signals, it could be possible to design mechanisms that simulate movements or, failing that, the design of prostheses. In this article, the acquisition and processing of myoelectric signals and the development of a didactic prosthesis that simulates the flexion-extension movements of the elbow, pronosupination of the forearm, flexion-extension of the fingers and rotation of the thumb are performed. The data acquisition system consists of a system of surface electrodes and MyoWare muscle sensors, the acquisition hardware is based on an Arduino Mega 2560 and the controller software programmed with a state machine, connected by serial port to a computer with the software of Matlab® processing. Then, the didactic platform for teaching biomechatronics is designed and built, where the student can interact with an acquisition system based on myoelectric signals integrated into a didactic prosthesis with servomotor components and a gearmotor, with its proper graphic interface. The platform allows the acquisition of myoelectric signals in 4 different positions, where a characteristic vector of the performed movements is obtained. The platform allowed to simulate and adequately characterize the flexion-extension movements of the elbow, pronosupination of the forearm, flexion-extension of the fingers and rotation of the thumb. This platform will allow specific studies of the movement of the upper limb in a didactic way, with the capacity that in later studies other movements can be characterized or the simple combination of these.Item Sistema en línea para el monitoreo de humedad y temperatura en el laboratorio de metrología de una clínica de la ciudad de Cali(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2025) Rojas Perdomo, Stefany; Marroquin Torres, Angie Sthefany; Mamian Homen, Vladimir; Arcos Hurtado, Edgar Francisco (Director)Isothermal enclosures are medical and industrial equipment designed to condition a closed space to maintain appropriate temperature and humidity levels. These enclosures may sometimes fail due to manufacturing defects, lack of maintenance, material wear, battery support issues, or human error. If not detected in time, such failures can compromise environmental conditions, especially within the climate chamber, and negatively impact processes such as the calibration of thermo-hygrometers. To address this issue, this work presents the development of an online measurement system that enables real-time monitoring of temperature and humidity conditions in a specific laboratory. This technological solution integrates a system based on an ESP32 microcontroller and humidity and temperature sensors, with data stored in the cloud using InfluxDB and visualized through the Grafana platform. Four monitoring devices were developed and deployed in the equipment room, the mass area, the pressure area, and the temperature and humidity area (including the climate chamber). Over a one-month evaluation period, more than 43,200 records per sensor were collected (one sample per minute), which allowed for the identification of out-of-range behaviors during at least four simulated failure events. The system demonstrated a reduction in the average failure detection time of over 85% compared to manual verification, thus improving response capacity to critical variations. Additionally, energy autonomy tests were conducted by simulating a power outage, during which the devices continued to operate normally using a rechargeable battery for a period of three hours. The results indicate that the system not only significantly reduces response time to failures but also optimizes calibration processes, enables traceability of environmental conditions, and ensures continuous monitoring in compliance with ISO/IEC 17025:2017.