Especialización en Sistemas de Información Geográfica
Permanent URI for this collection
Browse
Browsing Especialización en Sistemas de Información Geográfica by Author "Cabezas Alzate, Diego Fernando"
Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Aplicación de herramientas SIG en la evaluación de la cobertura de AICAs bajo criterios bioclimáticos: caso Thraupidae(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024-08-10) Castillo Bautista, Mónica Patricia; Cabezas Alzate, Diego FernandoThe use of geographic information systems - GIS tools facilitate the development of biogeographic studies and are useful in planning and decision making regarding the conservation of biodiversity. Critical areas for this are the important bird areas - IBAs that are constituted based on different ecological and geographical criteria. The bird family Thraupidae is the second with the most bird species, with exclusive distribution in the neotropics, however, about 20% of its species are with some category of extinction threat.. Bioclimatic specialization is a criterion that can be used in the planning of conservation areas since it allows the detection of geographic zones with a large number of specialist species that could be more sensitive to current climate change. In this work, the concentration of Thraupidae species that show biotic specialization and the percentage of their area within the existing IBAs is evaluated using GIS tools. The study area was taken at a continental scale between coordinates 30ºW to 119ºW and 30ºN to 60ºS, using the WGS-84 reference system. The biome map was georeferenced from an image, using a third-degree polynomial transformation and then digitized manually. A grid was then generated to intersect with the species distribution to determine the species concentration. The criteria to bioclimatic characterization of the species were that the species occupied at least 15% of the area of a biome and/or at least 50% of the area of a biome was occupied by the species. It was found that Thraupidae species are mostly found in the rainforest and tropical dry forest biomes, where the greatest number of biome specialist species are also found. The region with the highest concentration of specialist species are in the cerrado brasileño, the upper Amazon River basin and the Galapagos Islands. The use of GIS tools together with the evaluation of criteria such as bioclimatic ecological specialization and threat categories allowed the identification of relevant geographic areas for the conservation of the Thraupidae family, establishing a comparison between the range of distribution of specialist and threatened species of the family and the areas covered by the IBAs, showing a low representation of IBAs in the cerrado brasileño, which is proposed as an area of special attention for the planning of areas of interest for the conservation of birds.Item Estimación de la superficie deforestada en el Parque Natural Nacional la Paya mediante el uso de Sensores Remotos para el periodo 2018-2022(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023-02-22) Espinosa Valencia, Camilo Eduardo; Cabezas Alzate, Diego FernandoDeforestation on protected areas becomes an environmental problem in which forest cover is exchanged for other types of surfaces such as livestock, crops or pastures. In the case of Colombia, the environmental entities in charge of managing and protecting the areas declared as National Natural Parks are the National System of Protected Areas (SINAP) and the Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies (IDEAM). Although these entities carry out quarterly controls and estimate forest losses in these protected areas, historical results show an upward trend in deforestation rates, generating environmental damage that directly affects nearby communities and resources in general. from the country. This study presents a low-cost monitoring based on remote sensors and Landsat 8 and 9 satellite images that allows quantifying forest losses with a higher temporality and a spatial resolution of 30 meters. The procedure includes the download and processing of the images within the Paya National Natural Park, for the period 2018-2022 and subsequently a supervised classification that discriminates the coverage into 2 classes, defined as forest and non-forest. Finally, a subtraction is made of the polygons classified as forest on the initial (USGS, 2022) and non-forest on the final date to quantify and locate the deforested areas within the park. The results show to be a successful method to identify coverage changes, however, the precision is limited by the cloudiness of the area and the spatial resolution, which generates alterations in the limits of homogeneous coverages.Item Zonificación de la amenaza por inundación de la microcuenca San Pedro en el Departamento del Valle del Cauca - Colombia(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024-08-10) Gomez Bedoya, Anyerson; Fernández Rico, Gustavo Adolfo; Cabezas Alzate, Diego FernandoThe San Pedro watershed, located in the department of Valle del Cauca, has experienced disastrous events related to flooding approximately once per decade. However, the authorities responsible for risk management do not have basic studies that describe the behavior of this threat. Therefore, the general objective of this study is to zone the flood threat in the watershed. The study was developed in four phases: morphometric characterization of the basin; calculation of the probabilities of maximum rainfall; measurement of the depths and speeds that the flood can reach; and finally, classification of the threat into high, medium and low levels. The results indicate that the maximum flood height can reach one and a half floors of a home, with low to medium flow speeds, affecting a total area of 1,697.74 hectares. The competent entities are recommended to carry out detailed studies in the municipal capital and in the Todos Los Santos population center, especially in relation to the San Pedro and Totucal streams, to define developable areas, design mitigation works and establish ecological conservation processes.