Química Farmacéutica

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El papel de los inmunoensayos en la detección de drogas y venenos, perspectivas forenses: Una revisión sistémica
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2025-07-01) Bolaños Gómez, Julieth Andrea; Ocampo Chaguendo, Dennis Mauricio (Director)
This systematic review covers the use of immunoassays in the detection of drugs and poisons within the forensic field, highlighting their value as important tools for rapid and effective diagnoses. Methods such as ELISA, immunochromatography, and fluorescence polarization assays are frequently used for their ability to detect substances with high sensitivity and specificity in biological samples such as blood, urine, or saliva. Although these methods offer multiple advantages, they also have certain limitations; for example, they can be affected by the complexity of biological matrices and require the constant development of specific antibodies for new psychoactive substances appearing on the market. The studies analyzed show that these immunoassays achieve high levels of precision and accuracy, reflected in low standard deviations, coefficients of variation below 15%, and recovery rates above 90%. These results demonstrate that these techniques are reliable and capable of quantifying minimal concentrations of analytes, even in difficult matrices such as blood or urine.