Impactos ambientales en zonas costeras y marĂtimas de Colombia
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Date
2019
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Publisher
Universidad Santiago de Cali
Abstract
Colombia has a large coastal zone corresponding to the Caribbean and Pacific region with an area practically equivalent to the continental zone. The Caribbean coast houses 12.5% of the total population, while the Pacific region is only 1.6%, in both cases, mostly concentrated in a few urban centres. Untidy population growth has generated considerable marine-coastal environmental impacts such as coastal erosion, degradation and habitat loss, as well as affecting ecosystem services. In the Caribbean, pollutant
accumulation processes are facilitated because it is a closed sea with shallow water, with greater pollution from the Caribbean region with respect to the Pacific, as well as the number of polluting sources that affect the quality of the Waters. On the other hand, the wear of the coasts constitutes one of the principal innate warnings of marine origin used as a probabilistic tool against natural phenomena. In recent years, protected coastal areas have been defined, seeking to protect sensitive ecosystems, which generate important ecosystem services. One of the most important threatened ecosystems are coral reefs because they provide habitat, food and protection to many marine species.
Description
Colombia posee una amplia zona costera correspondiente a la regiĂ³n Caribe y PacĂfico con un Ă¡rea prĂ¡cticamente equivalente a la zona continental. La costa Caribe alberga el 12.5% de la poblaciĂ³n total, mientras que la regiĂ³n PacĂfica solamente el 1.6%, en ambos casos, concentrada mayoritariamente en un pocos centros urbanos. El crecimiento poblacional desordenado ha generado considerables impactos ambientales marino-costeros como la erosiĂ³n de la lĂnea costera, degradaciĂ³n y pĂ©rdida de hĂ¡bitat, asĂ como afectaciĂ³n de los servicios ecosistĂ©micos. En el Caribe se facilita los procesos de acumulaciĂ³n de contaminantes debido a que es un mar cerrado con aguas poco profundas, siendo mayor la contaminaciĂ³n de la regiĂ³n Caribe con respecto al PacĂfico, asĂ como el nĂºmero de fuentes contaminantes que afectan la calidad de las aguas. Por otro lado, el desgaste de las costas constituye una de las principales advertencias innatas de procedencia marina usado como herramienta probabilĂstica frente a fenĂ³menos naturales. En los Ăºltimos años, se han definido Ă¡reas costeras protegidas, buscando proteger ecosistemas sensibles, los cuales generan importantes servicios ecosistĂ©micos. Uno de los ecosistemas amenazados mĂ¡s importantes son los arrecifes coralinos debido a que otorgan hĂ¡bitat, alimento y protecciĂ³n a muchas especies marinas.
Keywords
Impactos, ErosiĂ³n, ContaminaciĂ³n, Servicios EcosistĂ©micos
Citation
Loaiza Quintero, K. Y. (2019). Impactos ambientales en zonas costeras y marĂtimas de Colombia. Universidad Santiago de Cali.