Ingeniería en Energías
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Item Aproximación teórica a los métodos de medición de la pobreza energética en América Latina(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2025) Saldarriaga Borja, Hellem Daniela; Suarez Ossa, John Esteban; Paz Parra, Alejandro (Director)The present paper presents the result of a theoretical review about several research papers related with the concept of energy poverty and the models for its measurement in three countries of Latin America. It was realized and approximation applicable to the Colombian context based in other Latin American countries with similar conditions that those present in Colombia, in reference to the energy requirements of the population. The models analyzed let to resume some variables of common use that made possible to calculate a multidimensional energy poverty index MEPI which have been proved with some study cases obtained from reports of the national mining and energy planning unit UPME and the national administrative department of statistics DANE about the proposed indicative variables of energy poverty. The result is an incremental index in the range from 0.0 to 1.0 to reflect the vulnerability to the energy poverty in different levels.Item Evaluación de la limpieza del biogás de la digestión anaerobia de estiércol de cerdo utilizando un sistema de filtración como estrategia para la valorización del sustrato(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026) Díaz Rincón, Silianna*; Pabón Laguado, Andrés**; Ostos Rojas, Iván Mauricio (Director)Anaerobic digestion is a process carried out by microorganisms in the absence of oxygen, that degrades the organic matter in swine manure and produces biogas, a renewable energy source. Even though tubular digesters have been installed on pig farms in Colombia, difficulties arise from their maintenance and monitoring. In addition, it is important to consider that biogas impurities, such as carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and water vapor, can be harmful to human health and the environment. The evaluation of a filtration system using commercial adsorbent materials could represent an innovative solution in the colombian rural context. In this study, cleaning of biogas from the anaerobic digestion of pig manure was evaluated in a pilot plant, equipped with a filtration system with activated carbon, iron oxide and silica gel. The manure and inoculum were characterized, and agitation, temperature and pH were controlled. Over six weeks, samples were collected for solid analysis and the performance of the filtration process was studied, focusing on days 65 to 107, when biogas production was more stable. Finally, the potential energetic valorization of swine manure was assessed, determining that, after passing through the filters, the biogas would be suitable for use in a stove and a 750-W electric generator. Concentrations of CO2, relative humidity and H2S were reduced by 53%, 65.7% y 78.5%, respectively and CH4 concentration increased 4.5%. Implementing this filtration system would reduce health and environmental risks associated with unfiltered biogas.Item Diseño e implementación de un prototipo funcional de un sistema fotovoltaico autónomo con seguidor solar para carga de celulares(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Hernández Álzate, Alejandro; Chávez Espinosa, Camilo Ernesto; Góngora Santana, Guillermo Alonso; Ruiz Hidalgo, Iván Darío (Director)This project covers the design and implementation of an autonomous photovoltaic prototype that works as a charging station for cell phones within the Universidad Santiago de Cali, the system has a solar tracking mechanism to better capture solar radiation at different times of the day and thus improve its efficiency compared to a static photovoltaic system. This work was carried out starting with the calculation of the elements that make up the system to perform the 3D design of the solar tracker mechanism and its support structure and finally its construction. The system was successfully tested by recording data for 20 days, where it could be seen how the system with tracking achieved an average efficiency of 5% compared to a static one that obtained an average of 4%, so it was found that the system with tracking had a slight improvement, but it was considered very insignificant.Item Simulación de sistema de bombeo fotovoltaico para Campo Alegre y Ripialito en Vichada(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Carabalí Ramos, Juan Manuel; Medina Núñez, David; Paz Parra, Alejandro (Director)Many rural communities in Colombia rely on gasoline-powered pumps to extract water from deep wells for agriculture or daily use to a lack of electricity; this is costly and environmentally harmful. This article presents a case study of a rural community proposed to solve its dependency on fossil fuels through a photovoltaic solar pumping solution. The focus of the study is the indigenous reserve of Campo Alegre and Ripialito, located in a rural area of Colombia with limited access to electricity and basic services. The community, composed of six families and 29 inhabitants, primarily depends on agricultural and livestock activities for survival. Despite 98.6% of the country having electricity, only 14.1% of this community, negatively impacting its socioeconomic development(Cabrales & Delgado, 2019). The study involved analyzing the community's water needs and the source from which the resource is extracted to propose an environmentally sustainable solution that also addresses the water access problem. PVsyst simulation software is used to simulate the performance of the solar system and calculate the economic and environmental benefits obtained with the solution. This project aims to enhance energy independence, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, close the gap in access to basic services, and promote sustainable development in the studied community.Item Diseño de un sistema de condensación de la humedad del aire alimentado con paneles solares en la ciudad de Cali(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Victoria Ramón, Manuela; Hernández Guevara, Juan Manuel; Ruiz Hidalgo, Iván Darío (Director)The development of a system to condense air moisture and procure water in rural Cali areas is presented, employing compression refrigeration to serve communities lacking access to water resources. Initially, the required water amount (346 liters/day) and environmental conditions based on NASA and IDEAM data (79% relative humidity and 23.3°C) were determined. System components were selected to establish its energy demand. Subsequently, through analytical calculations and the use of PVsyst software, the photovoltaic system was calculated to achieve grid independence. Finally, a cost analysis was carried out to assess the economic feasibility of the project, indicating technical feasibility but questionable economic feasibility.