Química
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Item Implementación y validación de la técnica analítica para la cualificación–cuantificación de Dienogest/Etinilestradiol tableta recubierta, por espectroscopia de infrarrojo cercano(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2018) Cardona Moreno, Gilma Liliana; Castillo, Jorge Enrique (Director)In this study, the implementation and validation of the analytical technique for the identification and quantification by NIR near infrared spectroscopy of Dienogest / Etinilestradiol in Coated Tablets was developed. This methodology was developed in order to provide a quick, simple and environmentally friendly analysis technique. To carry out this study, the spectra of 24 samples were collected, corresponding to 7 placebos loaded in a concentration range of 85 and 115%, 7 placebos loaded according to the DoE, 3 batches of finished product and 7 placebos loaded for validation. The NIR records were made in the diffuse reflectance mode and compared with the HPLC reference method. The PLS multivariate calibration method (partial regression by least squares) was used for the chemometric analysis of the data. The spectral correlation between the methods was established with correlation coefficients of (R2), in the range of 0.996 and 1.00. The validation process was developed based on the criteria of the EMA guide and demonstrated the compliance of the parameters of linearity, accuracy, specificity and precision, which guarantee and allow its application as a method of analysis for the control of the production process.Item Caracterización fitoquímica y evaluación de la capacidad antioxidante del extracto etanólico a partir de las hojas de Jacaranda caucana (gualanday)(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2025-04-09) Valencia Fernandez, Jose Christopher; Suarez Osorio, Liseth (Directora); Gaviria Garzón, Silverio (Director)In this phytochemical research study, the ethanolic extract of the leaves of Jacaranda caucana spp. (gualanday), a species native to South America that is part of the biodiversity of Valle del Cauca, is analyzed. The study focuses on the characterization of bioactive compounds and the evaluation of antioxidant capacity for their application in phytopharmaceutical and cosmetic products. Twenty volatile compounds were identified by gas chromatography (CG-MS/MS), among which hydroquinone, 2-coumaranone and neophytadiene stand out. On the other hand, in the non-volatile compounds, twenty-one are identified by liquid chromatography (UHPLC-MS), highlighting jacumaric acid, botulinum acid, maslinic acid and a new terpenoid compound called rothidin. These results revealed a high antioxidant capacity, with values of 0.9677 mg/mL equivalent to ascorbic acid (DPPH), 0.9563 mg/mL equivalent to Trolox (ABTS) and a total phenol content of 92.6 mg/L. equivalent to one GAE. Likewise, it is evident that the ethanolic extract of J. caucana has a high concentration of antioxidants capable of inhibiting free radicals.Item Síntesis hidrotermal y caracterización estructural, térmica y espectroscópica (xrd-ir-uvvis) de un polímero de coordinación a partir de iterbio (iii) y el ligando ácido 4-hidroxi-ftálico(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Trujillo Marín, Tatiana; D’Vries Arturo, Richard Fernando (Director)[Yb3(AF)3(NO3)3] 2H2O (AF = 4-hydroxy phthalic acid) coordination compound have been synthesized under hydrothermal condition by reacting a salt of Yb3+ with the ligand AF. The polycrystalline product was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, UV-vis and thermogravimetric analysis to identify and determine the molecular formula of the compound obtained. It was initially start from the ligand IFPH = 4.4 '- (4,4'-Isopropylidene diphenoxy) bis (phthalic anhydride) under acid hydrolysis treatment to give rise to IFPA = 4.4 '- (4.4' -Isopropylidene diphenoxy) bis (phthalic acid) and subsequently to hydrothermal conditions to obtain the coordination compound. This molecular formula was corroborated by thermogravimetric analysis. This paper also presents the preliminary determination of the cell parameters and spatial group, based on X-ray powder diffraction data, using EXPO2014 software.Item Implementación del reglamento técnico andino, decisión 721, ajustado a la norma iso 9001:2015 y las bpm para una empresa fabricante de productos de higiene doméstica y personal(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Perlaza Perea, Johans; Garzón García, Guillermo (Director)The objective of this work is based on the verification of compliance with Decision 721 - Andean Technical Regulation, which determines the criteria for the elaboration of Personal Hygiene Absorbent Products supported by Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) with the support of a Management System of Quality certified by the NTC 2 ISO 9001: 2015 standard, with the purpose of presenting a proposal for improvement that will allow the company to implement Decision 721 and be able to achieve a better positioning in the marketing of its products internationally, especially in countries of the Andean Community of Nations. As a method for the development of this implementation, initial and final diagnoses were performed to quantitatively assess compliance with the requirements contemplated in Decision 721. As an initial result, 86% compliance was obtained, after this evaluation work plans were generated supported by quality tools with a focus on continuous improvement and risk management. After taking the measures and actions identified with non-compliance, a final diagnosis was carried out that resulted in 99% compliance The creation of an organizational culture focused on policies of Good Manufacturing Practices, contributed to generate a culture of order and cleanliness in the company, generating commitment and sense of belonging in all personnel. This will allow the company to implement Decision 721 of the Andean Technical Regulations, becoming the first company in the Personal Hygiene Absorbent Products sector to carry out the implementation of said Decision.Item Evaluación de las alteraciones térmicas en el estado de mezcla sólido entre diferentes materiales poliméricos y Farmácos de clasificación biofarmacéutica I y II, por medio de la calorimetria de barrido diferencial (DSC) y FT-IR(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Cardona Gómez, Juan David; Aponza Narváez, Diana Marcela; Castillo, Jorge Enrique (Director)In the present study, the potential of using polymeric materials with drugs as useful raw materials in the development of delivery systems was evaluated, Thermal analysis and spectroscopy techniques were used to evaluate the compatibility of Metoprolol (MTP), a biopharmaceutical classification I drug, and Carbamazepine (CBZ), a biopharmaceutical classification II drug, with polymeric materials commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry such as Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Xanthan Gum; copolymeric materials derived from maleic anhydride corresponding to the sodium salt of poly (maleic acid-alt-ethylene) called PAM-ONa and the sodium salt of poly (maleic acid-alt-octadecene) called PAM-18Na were also used Mixtures were prepared in proportions of 10, 20, 30, and 40 percent, weight-to-weight (% w/w), in drug-to-polymer ratios. Each material, individually and under mixture, was subjected to thermal characterization by Scanning Calorimetry. Blends were prepared in proportions of 10, 20, 30, and 40 percent, weight-to-weight (% w/w), drug/polymer ratio. Each material, individually and under mixture, was subjected to thermal characterization by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and FT-IR Infrared Spectroscopy (Smart ITR). The results of the FT-IR study showed that the blend systems of CBZ and MTP at 10 and 40% with the reference polymers did not exhibit any interactions, while for PAM-0Na and PAM-18Na, new signals were presented respectively at the C-H group stretching 2980-2800 cm'' of these polymers, mainly for the blend systems with PAM-18Na; however, in the thermal analysis by DSC, interactions were observed in the MTP blend systems mainly with PAM-18NaItem Implementación de las buenas prácticas de laboratorio en una empresa de dispositivos médicos basada en la Resolución 3619 del 2013(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Gamboa Ojeda, Deisy; Cachim Pérez, Paola Andrea; Garzón García, Guillermo (Director)This work was based on the requirements established in Resolution 3619 of 2013 of the Ministry of Health and Social Protection of Colombia, with the objective of implementing Good Laboratory Practices in an International Medical Devices company. An initial diagnosis was started by applying a checklist to assess laboratory compliance with respect to the requirements required by Resolution 3619 of 2013, finding that the Organization met 86% of the requirements of the standard. Using the PHVA cycle (Planning, Doing, Verifying and Acting) as a tool for continuous improvement, a work plan was prepared taking into account the results of the initial diagnosis to start working on meeting all the requirements; All laboratory personnel were also committed to participate in this process by providing training in the implementation of GLP. Through the progress of the implementation, documentary changes were generated to which their respective disclosure was made in order to guarantee the operation of the implementation; Finally, the technical and management requirements were evaluated through an internal audit, which allowed identifying and implementing an action plan in order to find opportunities for improvement in the laboratory. Finally, the certification of Good Laboratory Practices was obtained by INVIMA.Item Caracterización física y química de bebidas alcohólicas artesanales del pacífico colombiano(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Villegas Banguero, Alexandra; Olave Zapata, Carol Yulieth; Larrahondo Aguilar, Jesús Eliecer (Director)The aim of this research work was the physical and chemical characterization of the artisanal alcoholic beverages (BAA) of the Colombian Pacific: viche, an alcoholic beverage based on sugar cane and its derivatives (tomaseca, arrechon and viche cream) produced by hand in the departments of Valle (Buenaventura) and Cauca (Puerto Tejada and Timbiquí). A chemical analysis was carried out by means of gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS), four random samples were collected and they were analyzed in triplicate; viche (Timbiqui), tomaseca (Buenaventura), arrechon and cream of viche (Puerto Tejada). The samples were compared with a standard of ethanol and methanol, 100%, for its identification and quantification. The content of congeners such as ethanol and methanol and a mixture of higher organic compounds (3-methyl -1-butanol,1-propanol, 2-methyl -1-propanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol) was determined, 2-furan methanol) ethyl acetate), acetaldehyde, glycerin, ethylvaniline, furan (5- hydroxymethylfurfural), organic acids (palmitic acid vinyl ester, acetic acid, 2-3-anhydro-d-galactose. These compounds are referenced according to the Colombian technical standard, NTC, (4118, 1997). Six physicochemical parameters were evaluated (alcohol degree, pH, density, °Brix, volatile acidity, reducing sugars), according to the Colombian technical standard, NTC, (410, 1999) and decree (1686, 2012), from sugar cane. These results will be informed to the producers of BAA.Item Síntesis y comportamiento redox de compuestos tipo [(dpff)nil2]; donde dppf=[1,1'- bis(difenilfosfino)ferroceno] y l=cloro(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Santacruz Parra, William; Gutiérrez Moreno, Nini Johanna (Directora)Item Investigación y desarrollo de un producto para desinfección de superficies susceptibles a contaminación microbiana a base de extractos de plantas naturales(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Realpe Lopera, Sandra Lorena; Gutiérrez Moreno, Nini Johanna (Directora)The extraction of four natural plants was carried out. The organoleptic characteristics, physical-chemical parameters such as pH, total solids, relative density and refractive index were evaluated for each extract; A phytochemical study was carried out to identify secondary metabolites. In the extraction process there was no turbidity or separation of layers, its smell was herbal unlike the plant 4. The pH of the extracts of plants 1, 2 and 3, was between 6.16 and 6.77 ± 0.01, while, Plant 4 presented an 2 acid pH of 4.76. The four extracts presented similarities in the relative density and refractive index of 0.911-0.920 ± 1x10-3 g / mL and of 1,358-1,360 ± 1x10-4. The extract of plant 4 showed a greater quantity of total solids 1040 g / 100 followed by plant 3 0.360 g / 100 mL, plant 2 with 0.220 g / 100 mL and finally plant 1 with 0.080 g / 100 mL ± 1x10-4 . A high diversity of secondary metabolites was evidenced in the four extracts as flavonoids, alkaloids, quinones, saponins, triterpenes and steroids, the results obtained have similarities with previous studies. An ecological disinfectant based on hydroalcoholic extracts was developed and the minimum inhibitory concentration was determined following the method of NTC 2455 and the effectiveness of the disinfectant on inert surfaces NTC 6063. The results showed antimicrobial activity against the bacteria Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in the concentration of 781 mg/L and for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis in 3125 mg / L. The bactericidal and fungicidal activity was evaluated, showing that the disinfectant has lower inhibition concentrations than phenol at 5% and ethanol at 96%. Finally, in the efficacy test the disinfectant inhibited in 100% the Gram negative bacteria Klebsiella Pneumoniae and Gram positive Staphylococcus aureus. KeywordsItem Estudio de la calidad de un vino de tuna, fabricado artesanalmente en el Departamento del Huila(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Olaya Conde, JairoThe Tuna or prickly pear as is known throughout the American continent the fruit of the nopal (opuntia ficus-Indica), in Colombia the use is very meager due to its collection and the content of gloquidia in the fruit. In this work the quality of the artisanal Tuna wine from the department of Huila was investigated, which sought to maintain the composition of the wine complying with the parameters required by the Colombian Technical Standard, thus avoiding variations and unwanted results such as unpleasant odor, spicy taste which can significantly affect the quality of the wine and its free consumption. In the analyzes carried out, an adequate content of ethanol and a very low content of methanol found in the wine of Tuna were found, traces of the metals Iron and Copper were evidenced. The presence of total acidity exceeds the limits established in the Colombian Technical Standard, these results and others discussed in the body of this document allow to corroborate that the Tuna artisanal wine is completely fit for human consumption carrying out the adjustment in the acidity totaItem Síntesis de ferritas mixtas con potencial aplicación catalítica(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Basante Delgado, Sandra Fabiola; Gutiérrez Moreno, Nini Johanna (Directora)In the present work we report the synthesis of mixed ferrites doped with cations Co+2 , Cu+2 and Ba+2 , with formula Co1-XCuxFe2O4 where x = 0, 0.5, 0.8, 1, and ferrites of BaFe2O4, Ba0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4 and Ba0.5Co0.5Fe2O4, using the combustion method with citric acid in an air atmosphere, at 950 ° C for 3 hours, the mixture of iron, cobalt, barium and copper salts in the presence of citric acid and an esterification aid such as glycerin or propylene glycol at pH 7, produced ferrites with particle sizes varying between 192 and 277 nm. The percentages of yield obtained were on average of 52%, in addition the effectiveness of the surfactant was compared to form the polymeric network of the citrate complexes. The synthesized ferrites were characterized by techniques such as powder X-ray diffraction evidencing the formation of different phases. Spectroscopic analysis, RAMAN and FTIR-ATR were also performed, which showed structural aspects of the materials; SEM-EDS for aspects of morphology and chemical composition and TGA-DSC thermal stability of the material.Item Obtención de carbón activado a partir de la cascara de cacao para remover plomo y arsénico del agua(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Solorzano Fernández, Yerson Arles; Gutiérrez Moreno, Nini Johanna (Directora)The properties of the cocoa shell from the municipality of Padilla north of the Cauca were evaluated and characterized, by means of a close and elementary analysis, on the other hand, the most optimal coals in the removal of lead and arsenic from water were characterized and evaluated. The biomass (cocoa shell) presented a total moisture content of 6.62%, ashes of 7.72%, fixed carbon of 20.64%, sulfur 0.05% and contents of C, H, N and O of 42.40%, 5.19%, 1.33% and 36.7% respectively. In the adsorption tests, solutions of 50 ppm of lead and 50 ppb of arsenic were prepared, of which 25 mL of each were taken and 0.6 g of activated carbons were added by stirring at 5000 rpm for 2 hours Finally, the final reading of the analyte is carried out after the adsorption process using an atomic adsorption spectrometer, ICE 3000. When performing the statistical analysis, it was determined that the best conditions of the activation process were that of CA 2, 17 , 53 and 54 for their high removal power of lead and arsenic from water as shown in Tables 8, 12, 16 and 20Item Formulación de un adyuvante agrícola a partir de fuentes biodegradables(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Guampe, Sandra Milena; Gutiérrez Moreno, Nini Johanna (Directora)The development of new technologies will develop new products used for the protection of crops such as pesticides. Over time to improve life, thanks to the use of adjuvants containing non-biodegradable sources that contribute to the contamination of soil, water, etc. To help reduce the environmental impact, what we are looking for with this project is an agricultural adjuvant system based on biodegradable raw materials and renewable sources to obtain a product with no contents of ethoxylated nonylphenols and toxic flammable solvents derived from petroleum. The product was developed in the research and development laboratory located in the facilities of the GROW CHEMICAL GROUP plant in Candelaria, for which the manufacturing know-how and the appropriate materials were used to obtain a homogeneous product. It was characterized by physical-chemical analysis such as: appearance where the color and aspect of the product were appreciated, the pH on a 5% solution in distilled water, the solids were taken in a solids analyzer, taking one gram sample for each analysis, the density was determined with a hydrometer at 25 ° C and the humidity was taken in Karl Fischer moisture equipment. In addition, emulsion stability tests were carried out according to the NTC 292 standard and encapsulation test. At the end an adjuvant was obtained, elaborated with biodegradable raw materials and that fulfilled a basic requirement of commercial acceptance: stability norm NTC 292 and encapsulation test.Item Efecto del pretratamiento con ultrasonido sobre los parámetros de calidad en la pulpa de Passiflora edulis Sims(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Calderón Martínez, Vanessa; Gutiérrez Moreno, Nini Johanna (Directora)The effects of ultrasound pretreatment on the quality parameters of gulupa pulp were investigated. The fruits of 40% ripe gulupa were treated with ultrasound of 30 and 40 kHz at 25 ° C for 10, 20 and 30 min, stored at 5 ° C for 20 days. The results showed that ultrasonic treatments especially those of 40 kHz significantly reduced microorganisms. The ultrasound treatment increased titratable acidity (AT) and antioxidant capacity, however, the pH levels, total soluble solids (SST), color and vitamin C, remained partially unchanged with respect to day 0 of storage. In general, pretreatment with ultrasound had no significant negative effects on quality parameters; therefore, ultrasound treatment is considered to have the potential to prolong the shelf life and maintain quality in gulupa pulpItem Prolongación de la vida útil de la Tilapia roja (Oreochromis mossambicus) mediante esferas de quitosano incorporadas con aceite esencial de orégano de andaluz (Thymus capitatus)(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Valencia Junca, Mayra Alejandra; Flórez López, Edwin (Director)The Red Tilapia was introduced to Colombia 1982 by private producers and since that time is being produced at the artisanal and industrial level. The main places of production are the departments of Huila, Tolima, Antioquia, Santander, Meta and Valle del Cauca, which contribute approximately 75 percent of the production, which per hectare is approximately 30 to 50 tons / hectare. FAO 2006-2019. The department of Huila is the one that has the largest productive area in the country of tilapia, representing 19% (Ustate, 2010). As fish is one of the most consumed foods in the world, but also one of the most perishable, so it requires safe conservation methods for its consumption and for the environment, which do not affect its organoleptic properties. Among the most promising methods, is the use of essential oils encapsulated in polysaccharides such as chitosan, which are effective and safe for consumption. In this study, the protective effect on red tilapia fillets, of chitosan spheres incorporated with Thymus capitatus essential oil in different concentrations (500ppm to 2000ppm), the incorporation of the essential oil in a polymeric matrix was analyzed. allowed to maintain higher concentrations of the active compounds in contact with the surface of the food. The samples were stored in ziploc resealable bags and stored at +/- 4ºC. During the study, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (NBV-T), the texture and the color of the fillets were evaluated. The fillets were examined during four weeks, observing a positive effect on the inhibition of Gram positive bacteria, up to 500 mg L-1 of SCEO. The chemical characterization of the spheres was carried out using FTIR spectroscopy and its morphology was evidenced by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results obtained in the test of total volatile basic nitrogen (NBV-T) for T2 33,61 and T3 29,84 mg N / 100g, suggest that this treatment is effective and useful to prolong the shelf life of fillets up to 19 days, with a great projection for its application in the food industryItem Determinación de organoclorados en residuos sólidos mediante la lixiviación en disco rotativo y microextracción en fase solida simultáneos por cromatografía de gases(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Cuero Olaya, Laura Camila; Castro Bonilla, Duván André; Ríos Acevedo, Jhon Jairo (Director)A new methodology was developed that overcomes certain limitations in the analysis of conventional solid samples, applying an ecological approach. An experimental configuration based on microextraction in solid phase coupled to a rotating disc device for the determination of ten organochlorine pesticides in sludge samples (Benzene Hexachloride, Lindane, Heptachlor, Aldrin, Heptachlor Epoxide, Dieldrin, Endrin, Endrin Aldehyde, β-Endosulfan and Dichlorophenyldichloroethane) is proposed. In this innovative procedure, a sample of sludge is placed in the cavity of the rotating disc device and then immersed in an aqueous solution followed by high-speed agitation. In this case, the water is used as a green solvent to leach the analytes from the sample matrix. Simultaneously, a solid-phase microextraction fibre composed of carboxene/polydimethylsiloxane was immersed in the aqueous solution to extract the analytes from the aqueous matrix with subsequent thermal desorption in the injector of a gas chromatograph with electron capture detector. Optimum extraction conditions were obtained using an extraction temperature of 60°C for 60 minutes, with 50 mg of sludge inserted into the rotating disc. Using previously optimized extraction conditions, analytical performance was satisfactory with correlation coefficients greater than 0.9946 for all analytes, detection limits ranging from 1.67 to 4.34 ng g-1, quantification limits ranging from 5.50 to 14.46 ng g-1, recoveries from 75.3 to 93.3%, intraday precision (n = 3) from 4.2 to 16.3%, and interday precision (n = 9) from 3.2 to 14.6%. The evaluation of the bioavailable faction carried out at 25°C showed values of 42.3 to 60.2% of the analytes that pass into the aquatic medium. In the study of a sludge sample from a wastewater treatment plant, Benzene hexachloride 29.2 μg g-1, Heptachlor epoxide 30.7 μg g-1, Dieldrin 41.1 μg g-1, Endrin 37.9 μg g-1 were found; for Lindane, Heptachlor, Aldrin, β-Endosulfan and Endrin aldehyde concentrations below the limit of quantification were found. No dichlorophenyldichloroethane is reported in the sample. The proposed method represents a promising alternative for the analysis of complex samples in solid matricesItem Determinación de triclosán por sorción en disco rotatorio en muestras de agua utilizando montmorillonita intercalada con líquidos iónicos como fase absorbente(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Ríos Coral, Jhon Fredy; Gutierrez Moreno, Nini Johanna (Directora)In recent years the preparation of samples using miniaturized techniques has gained great attention in the scientific community, since these methodologies comply with the precepts of green chemistry, which has led to an increasing application in a growing variety of compounds organic in techniques involving microextraction, the sorbent phase is an essential component, so the search for new phases that are more related to the compounds of interest is a challenge. The Montmorillonite clay (MMT) is abundant ecological material on the planet and is a good option to extract organic compounds. In this study, a new application was developed for the extraction of Triclosan (TCS) in water samples by means of rotary disk extraction (RDSE) using as a sorbent phase Montmorillonite modified with the ionic liquid 1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (MMT-Br). The final determination of the TCS was performed by high-efficiency liquid chromatography (HPLC) with detection of photometric diode array (PDA). Satisfactory analytical characteristics were obtained using the RDSE technique with MMT-Br sorbent phase, for a sample volume of 5,0 mL at a pH of 5 and at 800 rpm of agitation; the optimal extraction time was set at 60 minutes. The relative recoveries of a water sample were greater than 80%, the limit of detection was 0,203 ± 0,006 mg L-1 and the precision expressed as the relative standard deviation of 3%. Under the optimized extraction conditions, this new methodology was applied in the analysis of wastewater from the treatment plant of the Santa Lucia Industrial Hospital and from the intake of the drinking water treatment plant in Manizales; as well as in samples of branch water of the Pance River located in the city of Cali. Unquantifiable concentrations of TCS were found below the limit of detection for the sample of residual hospital water. The method efficiency proposed by RDSE was compared with the absorbent phase MMT-Br with EPA method 1694, based on solid phase extraction (SPE); the results indicated that there were no significant differences between the concentrations of the TCS measurements of both methods at a confidence level of 95%, which confirmed the efficiency of the RDSE / MMT-Br to monitor the concentrations of this compound in water.Item Síntesis asistida por cavitación acústica de metacrilato de sacarosa(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2018) Rojas Sterling, Juan Camilo; Orduña Ortega, Julieth (Directora)Sucrose methacrylate was synthesized by transesterification reaction of sucrose with methyl methacrylate using homogeneous basic catalysis (sodium methoxide, NaOCH3) and heterogeneous catalysis (mixed oxides derived from hydrotalcites) with acoustic cavitation irradiation 20 kHz. Optimal reaction conditions were determined using experimental design 32 x 2 where methyl methacrylate consumptions 90.32 % and production of monoesters ≥ 80% when the reaction was catalyzed with NaOCH3 and used molar ratio sucrose: methyl methacrylate 3: 1 and temperature and reaction time of 30 ° C and 30 min respectively. The most abundant sucroester was isolated by HPLC and characterized by vibrational spectroscopy ATR-FTIR, TGA, DSC and NMRItem Diseño e implementación de un sistema de gestión de calidad en el laboratorio cosmético Khemeia Green S.A.S basado en la norma NTC ISO 9001:2015(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Chaves Hernández, Angie Liliana; Gutierrez Moreno, Nini Johanna (Directora)The purpose of this degree work was to implement a Quality Management system in a cosmetics laboratory, in order to increase the quality of its services and the level of competitiveness in the market, with the main objective being the high recognition and preference of its services by consumers, therefore this work aims to develop an implementation plan for the Quality Management System supported by ISO / NTC 9001; 2015, which allows the Khemeia Green S.A.S laboratory to integrate its activities with a risk-based approach and continuous improvement of each of its tests, generating greater customer satisfaction. It began by making a diagnosis of the state in which the quality management system was, defining the processes that were documented and which were not, in order to structure a work plan for the development and implementation of each of the numerals present in the standard, continuously finding the improvement in the process; Once the diagnosis was completed, the requirements of ISO / NTC 9001 were condensed; 2015, and the results obtained were the sensitization of the personnel, the development of different documentary procedures, organizational structuring (organizational chart), construction of the laboratory quality policy and other documentation required with the accompaniment of senior management; The relationship that this has with the quality of the service and the product, and in an increase in productivity, was announced. In addition, the improvement of each of the laboratory areas, equipment, products, as well as the recognition and reduction of customer complaints was achievedItem Análisis voltamétrico de losartán potásico en electrodo de carbono vítreo dopado con 3,4- polietilendioxitiofeno (pedot)(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Giraldo Balcázar, José Daniel; Gutierrez Moreno, Nini Johanna (Directora)Electrochemical results are presented for the sensitive, repeatable and high percentage recovery determination of Losartan potassium (LOS) by voltammetric techniques on bare glassy carbon electrode doped with 3,4- polyethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT). Effects associated with the type of electrolyte establish that LOS exhibits a 29% increase of the peak current in Buffer Britton Robinson (BBR) pH 8.5 with respect to Buffer phosphate (BF) at pH 6.0; establishing that the molar electrosorption capacity of P affects the electrochemical signal. Studies associated with the sweep speed do not present substantial differences in the diffusion coefficient in both electrolytes. Low-range calibration curves for the bare electrode are between 10-100M (R2 = 0.9958), and with PEDOT between 0.1- 1.0M (R2 = 0.9911). Both electrodes show coefficient of variation percentages of less than 4% in repeatability and reproducibility tests. The deposition of PEDOT on the glassy carbon electrode improves the detection limit from 10.0M to 0.1M. The analytical ranges are applicable to commercial pharmacological samples with recovery percentages higher than 97.0% similar to high performance chromatographic (HPLC) techniques.