Química

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Evaluación de calidad, infestaciones e identificación de componentes en cítricos mediante espectroscopia de infrarrojo cercano (NIRS)
(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Díaz Hurtado, Karol Lisbeth; Castro, Sandra Patricia
Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has established itself as a crucial technology in modern agriculture, especially for citrus evaluation. This article reviewed and compared recent studies on the application of NIRS in citrus fruit quality assessment, infestation detection, and chemical component identification. The methodology employed includes the analysis of various NIRS techniques, such as reflectance and Fourier transform spectroscopy (FT-NIR), applied in different equipment and wavelength ranges. The results show that reflectance and FT-NIR techniques provide high accuracy in the evaluation of quality parameters such as soluble solids, titratable acidity, and fruit maturity and require methods validated by multivariate models. NIRS allows identification of pests not visible to the naked eye and in the determination of bioactive components such as flavonoids and organic acids, offering rapid and non-destructive evaluations, has the potential to optimize the citrus supply chain, improving product quality and facilitating real- time monitoring.