Especialización en Control de la Contaminación Ambiental
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Browsing Especialización en Control de la Contaminación Ambiental by Subject "Aguas Residuales"
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Item Importancia de los humedales naturales y artificiales en el ámbito socio-ambiental. Una revisión bibliográfica(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Lenis Ibargüen, Víctor David; Bernal Suárez, Diana PaolaNatural wetlands are considered the most productive ecosystems on earth, having a rich biodiversity and providing various ecosystem services. Its functionality and the physical, chemical and biological processes that are presented there, have promoted the development of technologies (constructed wetlands) that have been used for the treatment of wastewater of different types, imitating natural systems. Therefore, this document aims to highlight the contributions and importance of natural and built wetlands in the socio-environmental field, in addition to making a comparative analysis of the experiences reported in the literature regarding the use of constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment with different origin. First, a brief summary was presented on the definition, classification, inventory, components and functionality of natural wetlands, then the definition, components, design parameters, operating conditions and studies carried out with constructed wetlands are presented. Finally, the functionality of natural wetlands within the ecosystem services was highlighted.Item Manejo de excretas y aguas residuales en comunidades rurales. Efectos en la salud pública(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) Piza De La Hoz, Janis Jaqueline; Pérez Vidal, AndreaIn the 21st century, urban and rural communities have a serious environmental and public health problem because they do not have an adequate process of liquid waste management that is controls of domestic management, of agricultural and industrial processes. The majeo and treatment of wastewater and excreta is important because it affects the physical and chemical conditions of the water and in turn generates a negative impact on people's health. This reflection article focuses on the bibliographic review of the conceptual elements that allow the understanding of the management of wastewater and excreta taking into account the impact that is generated on the physical, chemical and health factors, a review of the experiences of wastewater management in Latin America and in the Colombian context, a balance on wastewater treatment technologies in rural areas was also carried out. Next, an analysis is carried out on the characteristics of the wastewater and its relation to public health. Additionally, a collection of primary information was carried out in the community of Vereda El Peón, corregimiento de Pance, rural area of Santiago de Cali, Valle del Cauca - Colombia, In order to identify the health problem related to the management of excreta and wastewater, they especially affect the youth population. In conclusion, the treatment of wastewater is relevant in the community for public health and the environment.Item Tratamiento de aguas residuales para la eliminación de microcontaminantes emergentes(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020) De Jesús Murillo, Carlos Fernando; Silva Leal, Jorge AntonioEmerging pollutants are compounds produced mainly by municipal wastewater. The presence of these contaminants in the environment, despite not being significant in terms of concentration, does represent a potential health risk. It is known that they can interfere with the endocrine system and it is also suspected that they may have an incidence in other conditions such as cancer, neurological development problems, among others. Emerging contaminants can be classified into two main groups, which are Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products (PPCP) and Endocrine Disruptors Chemicals (EDC). Conventional systems for wastewater treatment have been found to be ineffective in removing most emerging pollutants, so advanced treatments are necessary to reduce their concentration in wastewater effluents. In this context, a large number of investigations have been developed to evaluate the efficiency of different physical, chemical, and biological treatment techniques. Processes such as advanced oxidation (photocatalysis, ozonation, and fenton), ultrafiltration and nanofiltration, osmosis, adsorption, and other biological degradation treatments have shown promising results. This article presents a review of existing research in advanced wastewater treatment for the removal of emerging pollutants and their results and possible application are discussed.