Browsing by Author "Trujillo Serna, Jean Carlos"
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Item Optimización del encapsulamiento de tinidazol en micropartículas de alginato de sodio(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2025) Prieto Idárraga, Lury Daniela; Trujillo Serna, Jean Carlos; Ciro Monsalve, Yhors Alexander (Director); Castillo Gómez, Duvan Fernando (Director)Tinidazole is an antibiotic that exhibits reduced efficacy against the parasitic amoeba Entamoeba histolytica in patients undergoing intensive chemotherapy, due to the desquamation of intestinal mucosal epithelium caused by the treatment. For this reason, this study aims to explore alternatives to optimize the encapsulation of tinidazole into sodium alginate microparticles, crosslinked with calcium chloride using the external ionotropic gelation method. This was achieved through a 2³ factorial experimental design, which involved preparing different concentrations of polymer, crosslinker, and active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) at high and low levels to determine which variables yield the highest encapsulation efficiency. Subsequent in vitro release studies were performed at pH 1.2, 6.8, and 7.4. An infrared spectroscopy (IR) analysis was conducted to confirm the presence of encapsulated tinidazole within the beads by identifying the characteristic absorption bands of the API’s functional groups. Spectrophotometric analysis confirmed a maximum encapsulation efficiency of 70.84%, obtained with 1% crosslinker and polymer concentrations at pH 7.3 with 20 mg of API, making it the most effective formulation. In comparison, a formulation with 2% sodium alginate, 1% calcium chloride, and 20 mg of API yielded an encapsulation efficiency of only 34.79%. Beads with the highest encapsulation efficiency were then subjected to release studies at varying pH levels (1.2, 6.8, and 7.4), simulating gastric fluid, the small intestine, and the colon, respectively. The highest release was observed at pH 6.8, with 9.22% of the drug released over 5 hours. A proper balance between crosslinker and polymer concentrations is essential to achieve uniform encapsulation and drug release. Moreover, the beads demonstrated a controlled release profile in basic media, with the release kinetics best fitting the Higuchi model.