Browsing by Author "Realpe Lopera, Sandra Lorena"
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Item Investigación y desarrollo de un producto para desinfección de superficies susceptibles a contaminación microbiana a base de extractos de plantas naturales(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Realpe Lopera, Sandra Lorena; Gutiérrez Moreno, Nini Johanna (Directora)The extraction of four natural plants was carried out. The organoleptic characteristics, physical-chemical parameters such as pH, total solids, relative density and refractive index were evaluated for each extract; A phytochemical study was carried out to identify secondary metabolites. In the extraction process there was no turbidity or separation of layers, its smell was herbal unlike the plant 4. The pH of the extracts of plants 1, 2 and 3, was between 6.16 and 6.77 ± 0.01, while, Plant 4 presented an 2 acid pH of 4.76. The four extracts presented similarities in the relative density and refractive index of 0.911-0.920 ± 1x10-3 g / mL and of 1,358-1,360 ± 1x10-4. The extract of plant 4 showed a greater quantity of total solids 1040 g / 100 followed by plant 3 0.360 g / 100 mL, plant 2 with 0.220 g / 100 mL and finally plant 1 with 0.080 g / 100 mL ± 1x10-4 . A high diversity of secondary metabolites was evidenced in the four extracts as flavonoids, alkaloids, quinones, saponins, triterpenes and steroids, the results obtained have similarities with previous studies. An ecological disinfectant based on hydroalcoholic extracts was developed and the minimum inhibitory concentration was determined following the method of NTC 2455 and the effectiveness of the disinfectant on inert surfaces NTC 6063. The results showed antimicrobial activity against the bacteria Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in the concentration of 781 mg/L and for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis in 3125 mg / L. The bactericidal and fungicidal activity was evaluated, showing that the disinfectant has lower inhibition concentrations than phenol at 5% and ethanol at 96%. Finally, in the efficacy test the disinfectant inhibited in 100% the Gram negative bacteria Klebsiella Pneumoniae and Gram positive Staphylococcus aureus. Keywords