Browsing by Author "Pérez Vidal, Andrea (Directora)"
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Item Diseño del sistema de gestión ambiental en AvalQuímico SAS(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Obando Larrahondo, Karen Lizeth; Hurtado Suaza, Valentina; Pérez Vidal, Andrea (Directora)Environmental management systems are becoming increasingly important in companies as a strategy to reduce environmental pollution and increase the competitiveness of the company. This research was based on the design of an environmental management system (SGA) based on the NTC-ISO 14001: 2015 standard for the Avalquímico SAS company focused on the provision of laboratory analytical and physicochemical analysis services. To achieve the design of the EMS, an initial diagnosis was made of the practices used by the company for environmental protection through interviews with the company's employees, the identification of the elements of the affected environment, the analysis of the applicable legal requirements and the Sanitary inspections Subsequently, the EMS was planned taking into account the requirements of ISO 14001: 2015, collecting information and analyzing it and identifying improvement actions and internal control means for the system. After having made the initial diagnosis, 33 actions were listed to elaborate the design of the EMS, where the environmental policy and objectives were defined, the scope of the system was determined, procedures and formats were created and / or updated and finally designed Internal control means for the environmental management system. Once the system was designed, a final diagnostic matrix was made that showed a 68% improvement over the current compliance with the requirements of the standard in the company. With the results of this research project, the Avalquímico company benefited from obtaining a GHS design, which will allow it to advance in the implementation and certification.Item Evaluación del efecto de la plata coloidal, en la remoción de Escherichia coli y la obtención de un agua salubre a partir de filtros caseros(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019) Carabalí Ramos, Juan José; Pérez Vidal, Andrea (Directora); Rivera Sánchez, Sandra Patricia (Directora)Water is a natural and indispensable resource for life, for this reason it is very important to supply it, in a drinkable, affordable and good quality way to be supplied to the community in general, fulfilling the physicochemical characteristics, Microbiological and sanitary concept, established in the standard, Resolution 2115 of 2007. However, despite drinking water being a right, many communities, especially rural ones, still do not have access to quality water; presenting Diarrheal Watered Diseases (EDA) and Foodborne Diseases (ETA) which are induced by the intake of unhealthy water, among other factors that help to spread the disease. For this reason, alternative techniques and / or processes for water treatment have been sought, among which techniques such as home filtration systems for obtaining drinking water have been highlighted. These filters are composed of various materials, such as colloidal silver, activated carbon, which possess antimicrobial potential and / or retention capacity of substances and microorganisms. In order to mitigate the EDA and ETA, the REPLACOL microenterprise developed and provided the EKOFIL filtration systems impregnated with colloidal silver.Item Medición de presión continúa basada en tecnología 1ot con aplicación e ensayos de potencial bioquímico de metano(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Lemos Valencia, Yordy Mario; Pérez Vidal, Andrea (Directora)PBM methane biochemical potential assays are an evaluation tool in anaerobic digestion that allows estimating the amount of methane that can be generated for each gram of volatile solids digested used, mainly in studies of degradation of organic solid waste. Within the PBM test, there are different methods to obtain the process information which will arise from the system configuration, the type of access to the process and the way to measure it. One of these methods is manometric, which uses pressure variations to quantify methane generation during anaerobic digestion. However, this method has the characteristic of being linked to recursion and uncertainty due to human error due to the need for an operator. With this research project, the development of a continuous pressure measurement device supported by IoT technology was proposed to be used in biochemical potential tests of Methane, improving the reliability and precision of the measured data and reducing the error inherent in the manometric method. associated with the loss of biogas during each measurement. The development includes the use of Arduino microcontrollers and IoT platforms such as Esp8266 and Blynk for the creation of the device. For the design, specifications were taken into account for the selection of the pressure sensor such as: size, type of supply, measurement range and linearity of the output with respect to the input. The MPX2050 was selected as sensor and the electronic design was carried out with the Proteus tool. The implementation of this design was evaluated through a simultaneous triplicate PBM test and compared with the manual manometric method (MM) using biogas pressure (mbar) as the response variable. For the test, an inoculum concentration of 1.5 mg/L (anaerobic sludge from septic tank) and synthetic substrate (glucose + nutrients) in a COD concentration of 710.5 mg/L were used. Glass containers with a capacity of 250 mL were used, leaving a free space (headspace) of 20%; a digital manometer was used for the MM method. The results indicate that the continuous pressure measurement provided by the device was reliable, improving the uncertainty associated with the manual process with the MM method and achieving a more accurate record of biogas production. It is ruled out that the MM method underestimates biogas production due to its average loss of 50.7 ± 12.9 mbar during each measurement.