Browsing by Author "Montoya Henao, Maria Fernanda"
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Item Manejo de la ansiedad en la consulta odontológica en pacientes pediátricos de 3 a 8 años de edad revisión bibliográfica(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2025) Montoya Henao, Maria Fernanda; Buritica Gonzales, Gabriela; Pabon, Angelica (Directora)Introduction. The management of anxiety in pediatric patients during dental procedures is a challenge that requires pediatric dentists to find effective strategies that maintain the quality of the treatment. By means of a literature review, pharmacological and non-pharmacological techniques focused on children from 3 to 8 years of age are explored, analyzing their efficacy. Despite the diversity of approaches available, the most effective method has not yet been determined, given the influence of individual factors such as cognitive development, previous experiences and clinical environment. Aim. To analyze the most effective strategies for anxiety management in pediatric patients 3 to 8 years of age during dental procedures, in order to identify methods to improve the patient experience and the quality of treatment in pediatric dentistry. Methodology. Descriptive research was conducted based on the review of non-experimental secondary sources with a qualitative approach. Results. The PRISMA statement guideline was followed, limiting the results to publications made in the last ten years (2015 to 2024). The databases PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar were searched, resulting in 105 articles. Nineteen were excluded by title and 29 were duplicates. Of the remaining 57 articles, 25 did not meet the inclusion criteria, leaving 32 studies that were selected for the literature review. Conclusions. The most effective non-pharmacological interventions to reduce dental anxiety in 4 children aged 3 to 8 years combine distraction techniques and behavioral management, adapting to the individual needs of each patient. Although pharmacological interventions can be effective in cases of severe anxiety or limited cooperation, their use should be evaluated against nonpharmacological alternatives, which present lower risks and greater long-term applicability. Individual factors such as age and gender influence the effectiveness of these strategies, highlighting the importance of tailoring approaches to improve child cooperation. The studies reviewed highlight the need for a comprehensive approach that combines individual characteristics with behavioral and pharmacological techniques, thus optimizing the management of anxiety in pediatric dentistry.