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Browsing Química by Author "Avendaño Vargas, Alvaro José"
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Item Síntesis verde de nanopartículas de óxidos de hierro a partir de extracto de residuos agroindustriales y caracterización de sus propiedades estructurales y anticorrosivas(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2024) Avendaño Vargas, Alvaro José; Morales Morales, Jimmy Alexander (Director)This thesis presents green synthesis as a sustainable and environmentally friendly method for obtaining nickelcopper ferrite nanoparticles (Ni(1-x)CuxFe2O4) (x=0, 0.5, 1), using coffee pulp extract, the main agro-industrial waste from coffee processing (Coffea arabica), as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesis employed two drying methods: on a hot plate (method 1) and in a microwave oven (method 2), comparing them to determine the optimal method. The main objective was to characterize the structural properties of the nanoparticles using IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray diffraction. The structural properties of the nanoparticles were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), showing the formation of tetragonal and cubic crystal systems, with crystallite sizes ranging from 25 nm to 114 nm. FT-IR spectra showed characteristic absorption bands of metal-oxygen bonds in tetrahedral positions for Fe-O bonds and octahedral positions for Cu-O and Ni-O bonds, confirming the absence of biomolecules from the coffee pulp extract and demonstrating the quality of the synthesis. TGA analyses revealed that the samples dried on a hot plate showed more significant mass losses compared to those dried in a microwave oven, suggesting that the slower drying method produces a more porous structure with more defects, retaining more moisture or solvents. All samples exhibited a single exothermic peak in DSC, with a maximum between 460°C and 490°C depending on the ferrite, indicating a phase transition or structural reordering. In conclusion, the results demonstrate the viability of this green method, highlighting its potential application in various industrial and environmental areas. Green synthesis ensures nanoparticles with adequate structural and morphological properties, emphasizing its relevance in the development of sustainable materials.