Browsing by Author "Zambrano Bermeo, Rosa Nury (Director)"
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Item Análisis del efecto de tres programas de ejercicio en la salud percibida y el afrontamiento Adaptativo de Roy, en adultos mayores. Comuna 11 Cali-Valle del cauca(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2025) Gaviria Chavarro, Javier; Zambrano Bermeo, Rosa Nury (Director)In recent years, Latin American countries have experienced a rapid process of demographic and epidemiological change due to population aging. This phenomenon has led to an increased prevalence of chronic diseases and age?related muscle mass loss, contributing to frailty, reduced mobility, and a decline in both physical and mental health among older adults. Various studies have suggested that physical activity is an effective strategy for improving quality of life and coping with the changes associated with aging. Objective: To analyze the effect of three exercise programs (coordinative, aerobic, and multimodal) on perceived health, well-being, and Roy’s adaptive coping in older adults from Comuna 11 in Cali, Valle del Cauca. Methodology: A quantitative study was conducted using a quasi-experimental design with a longitudinal and comparative approach. The sample consisted of 450 older adults, selected by convenience sampling and distributed into three intervention groups. Various measurement instruments were applied before and after the intervention, including the SF-12 questionnaire to assess perceived health, the Roy Adaptation Coping Scale (EsCAPS) to measure the adaptation process, the WHO-5 Well-Being Index, and the Senior Fitness Test to evaluate functional physical capacity. Participants engaged in the exercise programs for 12 weeks, with one-hour sessions three times per week. Statistical models, including mean comparison and multivariate analysis, were employed to determine the effects of the interventions. Results: The findings revealed significant improvements in perceived health, well?being, and adaptive coping across all intervention groups. The multimodal program yielded the greatest benefits in physical function, whereas the aerobic program had a more pronounced impact on emotional well-being. A significant reduction in low coping levels and an increase in moderate and high coping levels were observed. Additionally, differences in the effects were identified based on participants' age and initial condition, highlighting a greater impact among those with lower initial physical fitness. Conclusion: This study provides evidence on the effectiveness of exercise programs in enhancing the overall health of older adults. The results support the implementation of exercise-based intervention strategies to promote well-being and adaptation to aging in this population.