Browsing by Author "Tarapues Mahecha, Angee Lorena"
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Item Identificación del Resistoma y viruloma de aislados clínicos de Pseudomonas aeruginosa multirresistente(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Méndez Banguera, Angelica María; Tarapues Mahecha, Angee Lorena; Rivera, Sandra Patricia; Ocampo Ibáñez, Iván DaríoPseudomonas aeruginosa is a microorganism of great clinical importance that has a physiology that gives it extensive resistance to antimicrobials, and that in recent years has acquired resistance and virulence mechanisms that make the treatment of infections difficult, reducing therapeutic options. The complex situation with this bacteria has increased interest in the search for alternatives to control the dissemination of multiresistant strains, emphasizing the study of its genome. The main objective of this research was the identification of the intrinsic and acquired antimicrobial resistance genes of three clinically isolated strains of multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa, whose genomes were evaluated through a series of bioinformatic analyzes in order to determine the genes responsible for conferring resistance to beta-lactam type antibiotics. The annotation of the complete genome of the isolates was carried out followed by the alignment of the beta-lactamase genes found, in order to establish the relationship of the genes found through bioinformatics with those previously found in the laboratory during a previous study, as well as its relationship with other strains reported as multiresistant. Virulence factors related to the pathogenicity of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa were also identified with the aim of understanding its behavior and importance in this type of microorganisms. Only genes categorized as antibiotic resistant were taken into account; the rest of the genes resistant to antimicrobials, including disinfectants and chemical bactericides, were discarded. 15 acquired resistance genes were found, of which 33.33% (5/15) correspond to beta-lactamase enzymes of different classes, 40% (6/15) to aminoglycoside resistance enzymes and, finally, 26.67% ( 4/15) of genes responsible for conferring resistance to fluoroquinolones. The comparison was performed according to the reference strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. The most significant thing that was found during the classification was the presence of the resistance genes of the VIM family, responsible for encoding the class B beta-lactamase enzyme blaVIM-2 found both in the laboratory tests and in the annotation of the genome of the three isolated strains. Additionally, 26 intrinsic resistance genes were found where 7.69% (2/31) were beta-lactamase enzymes, while 30.77% (8/31) corresponded to efflux pump-forming complexes. The remaining 61.54% (16/26) was made up of other genes such as gyrA, gyrB, aph(3”)-llb, gibB, rpoC, PgsA, murA, fosA, folA, Arl, among others, distributed among the different families of antibiotics. Finally, in the virulence factors, mechanisms of action of adhesion, endotoxin (Waap), motility (fleN, FliD, fleQ, fliC, FlhB, fliP, fleR, flgL, pilX, pilU), biofilm (algA, algJ, algD) were identified. , algZ, algF, algU, algR), type II secretion system (LasA, LasB), type III secretion system (exoS, exoT, exoY) and protease (AprA), affirming what is described in the literature about P. aeruginosa, where it is classified as a multifactorial microorganism and whose mechanisms must be studied in depth since they are of utmost relevance for the health area.