Browsing by Author "Tamayo, Oscar"
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Item Acute and subacute toxicity of Salvia scutellarioides in mice and rats(Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2007-01-19) Ramírez, Jorge H.; Palacios, Mauricio; Tamayo, Oscar; Jaramillo, Roberto; Gutiérrez, OscarThe acute and subacute toxicity of the aqueous extract of Salvia scutellarioides (Lamiaceae) was studied in mice and rats. In the acute toxicity test, oral administration of 2 g/kg of Salvia scutellarioides produced neither mortality nor changes in behavior or any other physiological activities. In subacute toxicity studies, no mortality was observed when the two doses of 1 or 2 g/kg day of aqueous extract of Salvia scutellarioides extract were administered orally for a period of 28 days. In the blood chemistry analysis, no significant changes occurred, including glucose, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), potassium, sodium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, conjugated billirrubin, total billirrubin, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides, total protein, albumin, prothrombin time (PT) and thromboplastin partial time (PTT) of both sexes. Hematological analysis showed no differences in any of the parameters examined (WBC count, platelet and hemoglobin estimation) in either the control or treated group of both sexes. The urinalysis was negative for glucose, ketonic bodies, casts, red blood cells, and albumin in the control and treatment groups. There were no significant differences in the body and organ weights between controls and treated animals of both sexes. Pathologically, neither gross abnormalities nor histopathological changes were observed.Item Apoptosis of gingival fibroblasts in periodontitis(Colombia Medica, 2009-11-24) Arce, Roger Mauricio; Tamayo, Oscar; Cortés, ArmandoIntroduction: Human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) have an important role in the periodontal immune response. The fibroblasts alter their normal behavior in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines. It is believed that HGF can be diminished and/or eliminated by means of apoptosis. The purpose of this study was to determine and to quantify apoptosis of HGF in periodontium biopsies from healthy and chronic periodontitis patients. Methods: A clinical cross-sectional study in people with healthy periodontium (S), gingivitis (G) and chronic periodontitis (PC) patients was carried out. The periodontal biopsies were obtained and immunostained by means of: hematoxylin-eosin, caspase-3, vimentin and caspase-vimentin double-staining for specific visualization of apoptotic fibroblasts. Histopathological and digital analyses were performed. Descriptive statistics were applied to categorical and nominal variables. Results: Total cell population of HGF had an average of 430±67.6 cells/field in healthy people, and a significantly progressive decrease in gingivitis (270±37.1) and chronic periodontitis groups (206.5±69.8) (p< 0.05). As for total population of inflammatory cells, an increase was noticed in gingivitis (191.8±50.1) and a decrease in periodontitis (109.3±21.7) without statistical significance. The expression of apoptotic HGF per field increased accordingly to the severity of the disease [28±16 in health (6.5%); 31±17 in gingivitis (11.5%) and 51±24 in periodontitis (24.8%), p< 0.001]. Similar findings were observed for inflammatory cells with different percentage expression [17±13 in health (23%); 28±19 in gingivitis (14.6%) and 47±35 in periodontitis (43.1%), p< 0.05]. The relationship between the percentage of expression of apoptotic cells and probing pocket depth was proportional but not significant (p>0.5, r²=0.02); while for the inflammatory cells a significant relationship was observed (p< 0.05, r²=0.2018). Conclusions: The results in this report conclude that HGF and inflammatory cells show apoptosis (caspase-3 expression), and apoptotic cells are significantly increased in gingivitis and chronic periodontitis groups.