Browsing by Author "Portocarrero Perdomo, Santiago"
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Item Determinantes de las brechas entre los logros académicos en las pruebas PISA 2018 para Colombia y Chile.(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022) Portocarrero Perdomo, Santiago; Obregón Morales, JoynerColombia and Chile have presented significant differences in scores despite being on the same continents. In the PISA 2018 edition, this situation was maintained with a differential in favor of Chileans in all areas. Therefore, this investigation aims to identify the main determinants of the Colombia and Chile gap in the PISA 2018 test scores. For the above, the relevant variables are divided into three categories: individual, family, and school, and their effects are estimated throughout the distribution using the Juhn-Pierce-Murphy methodology. The main results show that family variables have a pronounced effect on the gap, especially in the lowest and middle percentiles of the distribution. Similarly, the investigation highlights that the Chilean students have better school conditions, although Colombian students have individual conditions similar to them. Despite the above, returns that favor Chile were identified in all the reference categories, providing evidence that the Chilean system is more efficient than the Colombian one. It is concluded that the explaining factors of the gap must be considered from a national and international perspective since students can respond to their social, economic, and cultural contexts. For this reason, the gaps between scores are a complex effect that can be explained by unobserved components such as aptitude and non-cognitive variables. Finally, emphasis is placed on the need for public policies that promote improvement in school and family conditions for Colombian students.Item La medición de indicadores demográficos socioeconómicos y macroeconómicos en la investigación(Editorial Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2025-04) Portocarrero Cuero, Juan; Fernández Hurtado, Saúl Rick; Portocarrero Perdomo, Santiago;