Browsing by Author "Moncayo Chaves, Daniela"
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Item Evaluación de la actividad antimicrobiana de daptomicina asociada a nanopartículas de quitosano frente a Staphylococcus aureus(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2025) Moncayo Chaves, Daniela; Bucheli Burgos, Linda Alexandra; Oñate Garzón, José Fernando (Director); Ciro Monsalve, Yhors Alexander (Director)Drug resistance is recognized as a global threat. Current methodologies fail to maintain adequate therapeutic concentrations, requiring higher doses and longer treatments, generating adverse effects. In this context, chitosan is a biopolymer that has emerged as a promising alternative for drug encapsulation because it has properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, mucoadhesiveness, antimicrobial activity and non-toxicity that make it suitable for use in the pharmaceutical sector. Daptomycin is a lipopeptide antibiotic used as a last resort to treat infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, which range from skin conditions to serious diseases such as bacteremia and endocarditis. In this study, the synthesis, characterization and evaluation of the antimicrobial potential of chitosan nanoparticles loaded with daptomycin was carried out. To improve the efficacy of the antibiotic against S. aureus, the ionic gelation method was used with phytic acid as a cross-linking agent. This acid cross-links with the chitosan to encapsulate the daptomycin in chitosan nanoparticles, achieving an increase in the antimicrobial activity of the drug. The nanoparticles were characterized physicochemically, exhibiting a particle size of 453.9 ± 4.5 nm, Z potential of 29.4 ± 0.25 mV and a polydispersity index of 0.245 ± 0.03. The antimicrobial activity of the nanoparticles was evaluated against the S. aureus ATCC 25923 strain using the broth microdilution method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of daptomycin was 64 μg/ml, while with nanoparticle encapsulation it was reduced to 4 μg/ml. In turn, the free nanoparticles presented antimicrobial activity at a chitosan concentration of 187.5 µg/mL. This study confirms the potential of chitosan nanoparticles to improve the effectiveness of the treatment of S. aureus infections.