Browsing by Author "Mendoza Yarce, Mauricio"
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Item Identificación de residuos de plaguicidas en frutas y verduras por cromatografía gaseosa y cromatografía líquida de alta resolución acoplada a espectrometría de masas: Revisión sistemática(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2025-12-09) Mendoza Yarce, Mauricio; Mosquera González, Sergio David (Director)This study aimed to synthesize scientific evidence on the identification of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables using advanced chromatographic techniques, specifically gas chromatography (GC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with mass spectrometry. A systematic review was conducted across databases including Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Taylor & Francis, considering publications in English and Spanish from 2005 to 2025. Approximately 236,488 records were retrieved from the databases consulted. After applying the PRISMA methodology, 200 potentially relevant studies were identified. Following the initial screening, 71 studies remained after excluding those that did not meet criteria related to title, abstract, chromatographic methodology, or extraction technique. During the eligibility stage, the set was reduced to 20 studies, selected after a full-text review to confirm inclusion of validation parameters. Finally, at the inclusion stage, 4 studies were selected. These studies featured complete validation, matrix effect control, and detection of multiple pesticide families, including organophosphates, organochlorines, carbamates, and benzimidazoles. The evidence indicated that sample preparation methods based on QuEChERS, combined with GC-MS/MS and LC-HRMS, were the most widely employed due to their high sensitivity, reproducibility, and ability to handle complex matrices. Differences were also observed in quantification limits and in international regulatory frameworks regarding maximum residue limits (MRLs). It was concluded that chromatographic techniques coupled with mass spectrometry constitute essential tools for monitoring pesticide residues in horticultural products. The findings underscore the need to harmonize regulatory frameworks and strengthen monitoring programs to ensure food safety and protect public health.