Browsing by Author "Grijalba Robles, Juan Manuel"
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Item Estudio de la diversidad liquénica como bioindicador de la calidad del aire en la Universidad Santiago de Cali(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Grijalba Robles, Juan Manuel; Figueroa Tapie, Jully Viviana; Pelegrín Ramírez, Jonathan; Cerón Hernández, Víctor AlfonsoLichenized fungi are symbiotic associations between a fungus and an alga or cyanobacteria, they are resistant to adverse environmental conditions and capable of colonizing diverse ecosystems, most lichens are biomonitors and bioindicators of pollution, since they have very efficient mechanisms to absorb water and nutrients from the atmosphere, bioaccumulating pollutants without being able to eliminate them. In this study, lichen diversity was evaluated at the Universidad Santiago de Cali (USC) with the objective of determining the potential of lichens as bioindicators of air quality. A macro and microscopic characterization and identification of lichens was performed. Lichen diversity was compared with two sampling points, an urban area with signs of air pollution due to mobile sources and the industrialization of the area (Parque de la Caña) and another rural area with low pollution (Pance), both of which have direct measurements. By calculating the Atmospheric Purity Index (API), it was possible to contrast the data on lichenic biodiversity and air quality with the direct measurements of the monitoring stations and thus know the relationship between air quality and the presence or absence of certain lichenic species. The IPA obtained in the areas was 21.9 (Caña), 42.2 (USC) and 124.2 (Pance). Based on the above, with the monitoring data provided by the air quality surveillance system of Santiago de Cali (SVCASC), it was possible to find greater lichen diversity as air pollution decreased and it was particularly observed that for the USC a relatively high diversity (25 species) was reported, higher than in the urban area (P. Caña) with 7 species and lower than in the rural area (Pance) with 47 species