Browsing by Author "Collazos Simales, Valeria"
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Item Variabilidad en el perfil de seguridad de los fármacos para el TDAH: una revisión sistemática de ensayos clínicos(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2026-03-18) Collazos Simales, Valeria; Echeverry Martínez, John Jairo (Director)Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) significantly impacts academic, social, family, and, if necessary, work life. While pharmacological treatment is essential, the occurrence of adverse effects determines adherence, and their profile varies according to the population. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the safety profile of ADHD medications, analyzing population variations in the incidence of adverse effects by searching ClinicalTrials.gov and bibliographic databases (2021-present) for randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials. Twenty-three trials were extracted, their safety data analyzed, and the risk difference and number needed to harm for adverse events of interest were calculated. These results showed that anorexia was a critical effect for lisdexamfetamine and atomoxetine in both populations. Insomnia, meanwhile, presented a specific pharmacological pattern, being induced by atomoxetine in adults and by lisdexamfetamine in both groups. Xerostomia showed a consistently higher risk in adults. Critical gaps in the evidence regarding cardiovascular safety and symptoms such as affective lability were also identified, in addition to a lack of long-term trials to identify risks. It was concluded that the safety profile of ADHD medications is highly population-dependent, with adults consistently more vulnerable. Monitoring should be tailored to the medication and age, allowing for proactive management to optimize patient safety during treatment.