Browsing by Author "Chiran Chuquizan, Alexis Adelmo"
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Item Detección de benzodiacepinas y sus metabolitos en muestras biológicas: una perspectiva desde la toxicología forense. Revisión sistemática(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2025-12-13) Chiran Chuquizan, Alexis Adelmo; Ocampo Chaguendo, Dennis Mauricio (Director)The identification of benzodiazepines and their metabolites in forensic toxicology requires the use of highly sensitive and specific instrumental techniques. In that order, the objective of this work was to comparatively analyze the main methodologies used for the detection and identification of benzodiazepines in biological samples, evaluating their efficiency, applicability in forensic contexts and differences according to the type of matrix. This was done from a documentary review of recent scientific sources, which focused on techniques such as immunoassays, gas chromatography (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS and LC-HRMS). In addition, different biological matrices (blood, urine, oral fluid, hair, tissues) were compared and the strengths and limitations of each method in the forensic field were analyzed. It can be stated that instrumental techniques using LC-MS/MS are the most effective for the detection of benzodiazepines in the context of forensic toxicology, given their high sensitivity and the fact that they allow the detection of multiple compounds. The standard matrix remains blood, although matrices such as bile, vitreous humor, hair, and dried samples become quite important in postmortem cases. The methodological choice will involve adaptation to the case, based on sample availability, the detection window, and the forensic context itself.