Browsing by Author "Chalarca Salazar, Angie Yuliet"
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Item Síntesis de nanopartículas poliméricas asociadas a imipenem para enfrentar la multidrogorresistencia frente a la bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae productora de carbapenemasas tipo KPC(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2023) Bautista Rincón, Angibet; Chalarca Salazar, Angie Yuliet; Oñate Garzón, José Fernando; Rivera, Sandra PatriciaKlebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram negative bacterium and is the main Enterobacterium isolated in hospital infections, since it plays an important role in nosocomial diseases. Klebsiella pneumoniae is becoming a public health problem worldwide because it has a type of enzyme called KPC-type carbapenemase that gives the bacteria resistance to carbapenem drugs such as Imipenem, Meropenem, Ertapenem and Doripenem. Imipenem is an antibiotic that is supplied in combination with another drug called cilastatin, which helps to prolong the effect of imipenem by protecting it from breakdown when ingested [1], however, the administration of this type of drug generates side effects. in patients becoming nephrotoxic. One of the promising strategies to combat resistant bacteria, decrease the rate of morbidity and mortality from nosocomial infections, and reduce the side effects generated by the administration of certain antibiotics, is the use of antibiotic-loaded chitosan nanoparticles. Chitosan is a biopolymer that is obtained from the partial deacetylation of chitin which is present in the exoskeleton of crustaceans. Due to the high biocompatibility of chitosan, it is currently used as a material for the production of nanoparticles. Chitosan nanoparticles have high potential for the loading, transport and controlled release of molecules [2]. The purpose of this study is to develop polymeric chitosan nanoparticles associated with imipenem to face the bacterial resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae. The method consists of the production and characterization of highly deacetylated chitosan and imipenem-loaded chitosan nanoparticles obtained by ionic gelation assisted by high intensity sonication. These nanoparticles were analyzed and characterized in terms of particle size, Polydispersity Index, Potential Zeta (PZ) and encapsulation efficiency. Its antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the broth microdilution method according to the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) using carbapenem-sensitive and resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. As a result, a particle size < 500 nm, positive Zeta potential values and a stable polydispersity index with values between 0.07 and 0.2 were obtained, obtaining a monodisperse population. The reported results were promising for Klebsiella pneumoniae demonstrating that imipenem-loaded chitosan nanosystems provided antibacterial efficacy compared to free imipenem against Gram-negative bacteria resistant to this antibiotic