Browsing by Author "Carabali Velasco, Karold Vanessa"
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Item Epidemiología de H. pylori en Latinoamérica y su relación con el cáncer gástrico: Una revisión sistemática.(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2025) Carabali Velasco, Karold Vanessa; Gafaro Montejo, AlexisH. pylori is a bacterium that colonizes the gastric tract of more than 50% of the world's population. It is characterized as a factor that predisposes individuals to develop gastric cancer through various virulence and pathogenicity mechanisms. Latin America represents one of the regions with the highest prevalence of this bacterium and gastric cancer; therefore, the present study focused on analyzing the distribution of H. pylori and its influence on the development of gastric cancer in Latin America, considering socioeconomic, environmental, and genetic risk factors. A bibliographic search was conducted in 5 databases, including ScienceDirect and Springer Link, obtaining a total of 454 articles, of which 50 met the inclusion criteria. These studies reported variable prevalences of H. pylori infection in Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Honduras, and Cuba, with percentages ranging from 5% to 91%. In turn, gastric cancer incidences were found in Peru (15.2/100,000), Chile (13.1/100,000), Costa Rica, and Colombia (12.8/100,000). Furthermore, the virulence genes cagA and vacA were observed in the majority of positive cases of bacterial infection, establishing a positive relationship with cancer development. However, genetic factors and unhealthy lifestyles also strongly influenced the development of the disease. It is important to conduct similar analyses in other high-risk regions to allow comparison of the results obtained in this study