Browsing by Author "Cantalapiedra, Juan L."
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Item A phylogenetic study to assess the link between biome specialization and diversification in swallowtail butterflies(2022-10) Gamboa, Sara; Condamine, Fabien L.; Cantalapiedra, Juan L.; Varela, Sara; Pelegrín, Jonathan S.; Menéndez, Iris; Blanco, Fernando; Hernández Fernández, ManuelThe resource-use hypothesis, proposed by E.S. Vrba, states that habitat fragmenta-tion caused by climatic oscillations would affect particularly biome specialists (speciesinhabiting only one biome), which might show higher speciation and extinction ratesthan biome generalists. If true, lineages would accumulate biome-specialist species.This effect would be particularly exacerbated for biomes located at the periphery ofthe global climatic conditions, namely, biomes that have high/low precipitation andhigh/low temperature such as rainforest (warm-humid), desert (warm-dry), steppe(cold-dry) and tundra (cold-humid). Here, we test these hypotheses in swallowtail but-terflies, a clade with more than 570 species, covering all the continents but Antarctica,and all climatic conditions. Swallowtail butterflies are among the most studied insects,and they are a model group for evolutionary biology and ecology studies. Continentalmacroecological rules are normally tested using vertebrates, this means that there arefewer examples exploring terrestrial invertebrate patterns at global scale. Here, wecompiled a large Geographic Information System database on swallowtail butterflies'distribution maps and used the most complete time-calibrated phylogeny to quantifydiversification rates (DRs). In this paper, we aim to answer the following questions: (1)Are there more biome-specialist swallowtail butterflies than biome generalists? (2)Is DR related to biome specialization? (3) If so, do swallowtail butterflies inhabitingextreme biomes show higher DRs? (4) What is the effect of species distribution area?Our results showed that swallowtail family presents a great number of biome special-ists which showed substantially higher DRs compared to generalists. We also foundthat biome specialists are unevenly distributed across biomes. Overall, our results areconsistent with the resource-use hypothesis, species climatic niche and biome frag-mentation as key factors promoting isolation.Item Phylogenetic biome conservatism as a key concept for an integrative understanding of evolutionary history: Galliformes and Falconiformes as study cases(2023-05-01) Pelegrin, Jonathan S.; Cantalapiedra, Juan L.; Gamboa, Sara; Menéndez, Iris; Fernández, Manuel HernándezBiomes are climatically and biotically distinctive macroecological units that formed over geological time scales. Their features consolidate them as ‘evolutionary scenarios’, with their own diversification dynamics. Under the concept of phylogenetic niche conservatism, we assessed, for the first time, the evolution of biome occupation in birds. We aimed to analyse patterns of adaptation to different climatic regimes and the determinant factors for colonization of emerging biomes by clades from different ancestral biomes. In this work, we reconstructed the biome occupation history of two clades of birds (Galliformes and Falconiformes) under an integrative perspective through a comprehensive review of ecological, phylogenetic, palaeontological and biogeographical evidence. Our findings for both groups are consistent with a scenario of phylogenetic biome conservatism and highlight the importance of changes in climate during the Miocene in the adaptation and evolution of climatic niches. In particular, our results indicate high biome conservatism associated with biomes situated in some of the extremes of the global climate gradient (evergreen tropical rainforest, steppe and tundra) for both bird taxa. Finally, the historical dynamics of tropical seasonal biomes, such as tropical deciduous woodlands and savannas, appear to have played a preponderant role during the diversification processes of these bird lineages.