Browsing by Author "Caicedo, Luz Dary"
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Item Antimicrobial resistance patterns and genotypic diversity between clinical and water systems isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa in cali, Colombia(Malaysian Society for Parasitology, 2020-06-10) Chávez Vivas, Monica; Cabezas, A. F.; Ferauds, M.; Castillo, Jorge Enrique; Caicedo, Luz DaryPseudomonas aeruginosa is considered an opportunistic pathogen, causing a wide variety of infections in compromised hosts, also frequently develops multi-resistance to antibiotics and can colonize various habitats, including water systems. The main aim of this study was to investigate antibiotics susceptibility pattern, genotypic diversity and detection of resistence genes in P. aeruginosa isolates from clinical and aquatic environment sources. Of the 220 P. aeruginosa isolates examined, 48 were clinical isolates and 172 isolates from wastewater and freshwater. Susceptibility to eight antimicrobial agents was carried out by disk diffusion method. Clinical and environmental isolates were screened for the presence of the genes encoding blaKPC-2, blaCTX-M-9, blaPER-1, blaOXA-10, blaIMP-1, blaVIM-2 and blaampC by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Isolates were examined with PCR-SSCP analysis of partial DNAr 16S sequence. Isolates were mainly resistant to cefoxitin. Multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa (MDRPA) strains were found in 70% and 90.3% of the clinical and environmental isolates, respectively. The prevalence rates of â-lactamase genes were recorded (blaKPC-2 41.3%, blaVIM-2 36.8%, blaIMP-1 13.6%, blaCTX-M-9 10.9% and blaampC 10.5%,). The PCR-SSCP analysis showed three conformational patterns. All clinical isolates and most environmental isolates were grouped into a single cluster. In this study, we found that P. aeruginosa strains recovered from city water systems must be considered potential reservoir for ESBL genes, especially blaKPC-2 and blaVIM-2.Item Biodegradación de la vinaza de caña de azúcar con cepas de los hongos Schyzophyllum commune y Trichoderma viride(Universidad Santiago de cali, 2012-12-02) Baldiris, Luisa Fernanda; López, Essaul; Castillo, Jorge; Caicedo, Luz DarySe determinaron los cambios fisicoquímicos de la biodegradación de la vinaza de caña de azúcar con cepas de los hongos Schyzophyllum commune y Trichoderma viride, en dos medios de cultivo con y sin agitación. Se establecieron los siguientes parámetros: pH, conductividad, sólidos disueltos, turbidez, azúcares reductores, fósforo (P), fenoles, potasio (K), nitrógeno total (Ntotal), DQO y DBO. A los resultados obtenidos se les aplicó el análisis de varianza de un factor para contrastar la existencia de diferencias significativas entre el tratamiento control (T1: vinaza) y los subtratamientos (T1.1 y T1.2). Los resultados mostraron porcentajes de remoción del 97,7% en la turbidez, 60,5% en el contenido de fenoles, 79,5% en el contenido de K, 75% en DQO y 78,3% en DBO. Se evidenció que estas cepas de hongos pueden ser utilizados en la degradación de compuestos recalcitrantes, como la vinaza, con reducción de su toxicidad y la probabilidad de ser utilizada como complemento de fertilizantes. Schyzophyllum communeItem Caracterización parcial de proteínas de una cepa de Cladosporium sp(Universidad Santiago de cali, 2013-02-13) Rengifo, José Iván; Cerón, Flavio; Caicedo, Luz DaryEl objetivo de esta investigación fue la caracterización parcial de proteínas de la fracción acuosa y micelio del cultivo de una cepa de Cladosporium sp, aislada de la casa de un paciente reactivo a las conidias de este hongo, ubicada en la zona nor-oriental de la ciudad de Cali. Se determinó la concentración de proteínas con el método de Lowry, el patrón electroforético en gel de poliacrilamida con dodecil sulfato de sodio (SDS) y la actividad de las enzimas proteasas y fosfatasa ácida y alcalina. En el micelio se encontró un contenido proteico de 5.88 ug/mL, bandas de electrofóresis entre 11 y 74 kDa, actividad proteolítica en un rango de pH entre 6.0 y 8.0, actividad de fosfatasa negativa en medio ácido y alcalino. Las pruebas realizadas con el extracto acuoso fueron negativas. Investigaciones realizadas en otras partes del mundo han demostrado que existe variación en la cantidad y actividad de las proteínas de estos hongos, lo que hace difícil la estandarización de técnicas diagnósticas e inmunoterapia, resultados que están de acuerdo con los obtenidos. Este es el primer estudio realizado en la ciudad de Cali; se espera continuar con otras investigaciones que permitan caracterizar los componentes alergénicos de especies de este hongo, el más prevalente en el ambiente de esta ciudad.Item Cryptococcus neoformans in bird excreta in the city zoo of Cali, Colombia(Mycopathologia, 1999-12) Caicedo, Luz Dary; Alvarez, María Inés; Delgado, Maritza; Cárdenas, AlaínThe presence of Cryptococcus neoformans was studied in bird excreta and in the air circulating in and around bird cages in the City Zoo of Cali, Colombia, between August 1994 and April 1995, using a sunflower seed agar culture medium for fungus isolation. A total of 380 samples was studied, 110 from droppings and 270 from Petri dishes placed inside(148) and outside (122) the cages. C. neoformansvar neoformans was found in only two cases, one from bird excreta (0.9%) and the other from air inside a cage (0.7%). The former positive sample was collected from the cracks of a dead tree where two crested caracaras (Polyborusplancus) roosted; the feces were dry, accumulated,and with a pH of 6. The other positive sample was found inside the cage of these birds; however, samples taken in a dispersion study at 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 m around this cage were all negative. It appears that this low isolation rate is due to adequate cleaning and disinfection procedures used in the city zoo of Cali.Item Medically important fungi found in hallux nails of university students from Cali, Colombia(Mycopathologia, 2007-05-01) Álvarez, María Inés; Caicedo, Luz DaryThe presence of medically important fungi was studied in hallux nails scrapings obtained from 504 students (204 males, 300 females) of three universities in Cali. Specimens were examined by direct microscopic examination and fungal culture. Medically important fungi were found in 49 (9.7%) students, 24 (4.8%) had onychomycosis while the rest did not have nail lesions. Trichophyton rubrum was the most commonly isolated fungi in students with lesions, where as T. mentagrophytes predominated in healthy nails. Most of the students with fungi were males. The prevalence of fungi was higher in individuals between 26 and 35 years. No association was observed between fungi and practicing sports or undergoing pedicures. These results suggest that dermatophytes can be found in healthy hallux nails, which can be reservoirs of pathogenic fungi.Item Occurrence of β -Lactamase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacterial Isolates in Water Sources in Cali City, Colombia(Hindawi Limited, 2019-09-08) Chavez Vivas, Monica; Caicedo, Luz Dary; Castillo, Jorge EnriquePollution by domestic, industrial, and hospital wastes of the artificial and natural waters of the city of Cali led us to investigate the presence of Gram-negative bacteria resistant to antibiotics in these aquatic ecosystems. Material and methods. We used culture-dependent methods and molecular techniques to investigate the prevalence and dynamics of β-lactamase producing Gram-negative bacteria in five areas located in channels and rivers that cross the city of Cali in January (dry season) and May (wet season). (e association between the variables was determined by the chi-square test, using the statistical package SPSS vs 23.0. Results. (e main species being Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas spp. with associated resistance to both cefoxitin and cefotaxime were observed in 73.3% isolates during the dry season. Most of the isolates belonged to antibiotype 3 (with resistance to 6 antibiotics), 51.2% in the dry season and 48.9% in the wet season, and they were found especially in the artificial waters of “Intersector Canal (CVC) Sur”. Conclusion. (ese results indicate that β-lactamase-producing Gram-negative bacteria are widespread in the environment in the aquatic ecosystem of Cali city. (e artificial and natural waters that cross the city are finally discharged into the Rio Cauca; this river can then be considered as a medium for the spread of bacterial antibiotic resistance genes.