Browsing by Author "Ardila Antolines, Jhon Alexander"
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Item Perfilamiento químico y análisis multivariado de muestras de heroína incautadas en la ciudad de Cúcuta(Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2022-11-25) Ardila Antolines, Jhon Alexander; Osorio Grisales, JaiverChemical profiling was carried out on ninety-one heroin samples seized at various points in the city of Cúcuta (Colombia), in the period between January 2018 and July 2021. Using gas chromatography with a mass selective detector (GC-MS), it was possible to identify morphine, acetylcodeine, 6- monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM) and papaverine as residual alkaloids. The adulterants present were also determined, identifying phenacetin, cocaine, diltiazem and caffeine, the latter present in 93% of the heroin samples. On the other hand, the quantification shows a trend towards heroin samples with purity between 31% and 50%, respectively. Infrared spectroscopy was used to identify the chemical form and determine other components (diluents) present in the samples. 93% of the samples correspond to heroin hydrochloride and in 9% of the sample’s lactose was identified as a diluent. After profiling, the data of each compound was processed to be analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) using SPSS software in order to determine if the analyzed samples shared production and traffic sources in common. The PCA grouped the samples related to the alkaloids present, in four different groups of production. With regard to adulterants, three possible different distribution groups are deduced from the PCA.